如何将方程式之间的距离设置为等于与周围文本的距离？

Question

我想显示一组分为子集的方程式，其中两个子集之间的间距与第一行和上方文本之间的间距相同（以及最后一行和下方文本之间的间距相同）。如果我多次使用对齐环境，则方程式会按照我想要的方式在每个子集中对齐，但方程式子集之间的间距太大。如果我在同一个环境中编写所有方程式，对齐或聚集或类似，则间距太小，并且子集的划分和每个子集内的对齐会丢失。有人有解决这个问题的方法吗？

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{document}
I would like this, but with the spacing between (2) and (3) equal to the spacing between (1) and this line of text.
\begin{align}
1+1&=2 & 2+2&=4 & 3+3&=6\\
4+4&=8 & 5+5&=10 & 6+6&=12
\end{align}
\begin{align}
1-1=2-2=3-3=4-4=5-5=6-6=0
\end{align}
Or between (3) and this line of text.
\end{document}

Answer 1

您可以局部删除上方的垂直空间（3）（应该是equation）

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\begin{document}

I would like this, but with the spacing between (2) and (3) equal to
the spacing between (1) and this line of text.
\begin{align}
1+1&=2 & 2+2&=4 & 3+3&=6\\
4+4&=8 & 5+5&=10 & 6+6&=12
\end{align}
\begingroup
\setlength{\abovedisplayskip}{0pt}
\setlength{\abovedisplayshortskip}{0pt}
\begin{equation}
1-1=2-2=3-3=4-4=5-5=6-6=0
\end{equation}
\endgroup
Or between (3) and this line of text.

\end{document}

或者，但要注意\label在内部使用align会被破坏，嵌套align在`gather 中；从好的方面来说，这不会允许在两个部分之间分页。

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\begin{document}

I would like this, but with the spacing between (2) and (3) equal to
the spacing between (1) and this line of text.
\begin{gather}
\begin{align}
1+1&=2 & 2+2&=4 & 3+3&=6\\
4+4&=8 & 5+5&=10 & 6+6&=12
\end{align}
\\[\dimexpr\abovedisplayskip-\jot\relax]
1-1=2-2=3-3=4-4=5-5=6-6=0
\end{gather}
Or between (3) and this line of text.

\end{document}

Answer 2

您可以使用\mathclap（mathtools 包）来重叠其他“列”，尽管从技术上讲它将相对于中间居中&=。您可以使用它\\[...]来更改垂直间距。

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\begin{document}
I would like this, but with the spacing between (2) and (3) equal to the spacing between (1) and this line of text.
\begin{align}
1+1&=2 & 2+2&=4 & 3+3&=6\\
4+4&=8 & 5+5&=10 & 6+6&=12\\[\abovedisplayskip]
 &&& \mathclap{1-1=2-2=3-3=4-4=5-5=6-6=0} &&
\end{align}
Or between (3) and this line of text.
\end{document}

Answer 3

编辑：第一次尝试时，我似乎误解了问题。现在更正如下：

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{document}
I would like this, but with the spacing between (2) and (3) equal to the spacing between (1) and this line of text.
\begin{align}
1+1&=2 & 2+2&=4 & 3+3&=6\\
4+4&=8 & 5+5&=10 & 6+6&=12
\end{align}\vspace{-\abovedisplayskip}%
\begin{equation}
1-1=2-2=3-3=4-4=5-5=6-6=0
\end{equation}
Or between (3) and this line of text.
\end{document}