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如何提高 PGFPlot 的可读性？

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如何提高 PGFPlot 的可读性？

我正在尝试在 tikz 中重新创建该图像。

在此处输入图片描述

我创建的情节是：

\documentclass[svgnames, pstricks]{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.18}

\title{Python Notebook}

\begin{document}

\begin{figure}
    \centering
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
    lbl/.style = {text=black, anchor=south, sloped},
    lbl1/.style={text=black, anchor=south,sloped},
    dot/.style = {circle, fill, inner sep=1.6pt,
                  node contents={}}
                        ]
\begin{axis}[
    axis lines=middle,
    axis equal,
    xlabel=$x$, x label style={anchor=west}, 
    ylabel=$y$, y label style={anchor=south}, 
    grid=both,
    ytick={-5,-4,...,9},
    ticklabel style={font=\footnotesize, fill=white,
                     inner sep=2pt},
    ymin=-2.5, ymax=6,
    no marks,
every axis plot post/.append style={blue, thick}    
             ]

\addplot coordinates{(-1,0) (5,5) } node [near start, lbl] {$y=x+1$};
\addplot coordinates{(-1,-1) (5,4)} node[near start, lbl]{$y=x+0.3$};
\addplot coordinates{(-1,-2) (5, 3)}
            node[near end, lbl] {$y=x-0.8$};

\node at (1,3) [dot,label=right:${(1,3)}$];
\node at (3,4) [dot,label=right:${(3,4)}$];
\node at (2,1) [dot, label=right: ${(2,1)}$];
\node at (4,3) [dot,label=right: ${(4,3)}$];

\end{axis}
    
    \end{tikzpicture}
    \caption{Fitting a regression Line}
    \label{fig:enter-label}
\end{figure}

Referring to Fig \ref{fig:enter-label}.
\end{document}

我试图做的是提高图表的可读性。具体来说：

  1. 尝试拉伸图形，使所有元素不会相互堆叠
  2. 使字体大小足够大，使其在文章类文档中可读
  3. 其他细微调整让剧情更加直观

答案1

我的建议：

  1. 我认为使用图例更易读。如果没有颜色，可以使用虚线。
  2. 使用正确的线（让我们pgfplots计算它们！）
  3. 调整限制和图例位置以使结果令人满意。
  4. 使用\footnotesize字体应该可以保证可读性，但是不要扩大规模图形；使用width和height适合列，然后重复第 3 点。
\documentclass[svgnames]{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.18}

\title{Python Notebook}

\begin{document}

\begin{figure}
    \centering
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
        lbl dots/.style = {text=black, fill=white, font=\footnotesize,
        inner sep=0pt},
        dot/.style = {circle, fill, inner sep=1.6pt,
        node contents={}}
        ]
        \begin{axis}[
            axis lines=middle,
            axis equal,
            ymin=-2.5, ymax=5.5,
            xmin=-4, xmax=5.5,
            domain = -2:4, % added
            xlabel=$x$, x label style={anchor=west},
            ylabel=$y$, y label style={anchor=south},
            grid=both,
            ytick={-5,-4,...,9},
            ticklabel style={font=\footnotesize, fill=white,
                inner sep=2pt},
            no marks,
            every axis plot post/.append style={thick},
            legend style = {nodes={right, font=\footnotesize}, 
            at={(0.0,0.6)}, anchor=west},
            ]

            \addplot {x+1};
            \addplot {x+0.3};
            \addplot {x-0.8};
            \legend{$y=x+1$, $y=x+0.3$, $y=x-0.8$}

            \node at (1,3) [dot,label={[above, lbl dots]:${(1,3)}$}];
            \node at (3,4) [dot,label={[above left, lbl dots]:${(3,4)}$}];
            \node at (2,1) [dot, label={[right=4pt, lbl dots]:${(2,1)}$}];
            \node at (4,3) [dot,label={[right=4pt, lbl dots]:${(4,3)}$}];

        \end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}
    \caption{Fitting a regression Line}
    \label{fig:enter-label}
\end{figure}

Referring to Fig \ref{fig:enter-label}.
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

像这样：

在此处输入图片描述

代码：

\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{tikz,siunitx}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5]
        \draw[gray!20] (0,-.5) grid (5,6);
        \draw[thin,-latex] (-.1,0)--(5.6,0) node[right] () {$x$};
        \draw[thin,-latex] (0,-1)--(0,6) node[above] () {$y$};
        \foreach \i in {1,...,5}
            \draw[gray] (\i,.1)--(\i,-.1) node[below] () {\i};
        \foreach \i in {-1,0,...,6}
            \draw[gray] (.1,\i)--(-.1,\i) node[left] () {\i};
        \filldraw[cyan] (1,3) circle(.1);
        \filldraw[cyan] (2,1) circle(.1);
        \filldraw[cyan] (3,4) circle(.1);
        \filldraw[cyan] (4,3) circle(.1);
        \draw [magenta, line width=3pt] plot [domain=-.5:5] (\x,{\x-.8});
        \draw[magenta]  (6,4.2) node () {\large $C:\quad \hat{y}=x-.8$};
        \draw [orange, line width=3pt] plot [domain=-.5:5] (\x,{\x+.3});
        \draw[orange]   (6,5.2) node () {\large $B:\quad \hat{y}=x+.3$};
        \draw [green,line width=3pt] plot [domain=-.5:5] (\x,{\x+1}) ;
        \draw[green]    (6,6) node () {\large $A:\quad \hat{y}=x+1$};
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

选项1：这个情节

在此处输入图片描述

使用以下代码：

\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
%\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5]
        %\draw[gray!20] (0,-.5) grid (5,6);
        \draw[thin,-latex] (-.1,0)--(5.6,0) node[right] () {$x$};
        \draw[thin,-latex] (0,-1)--(0,6) node[above] () {$y$};
        \foreach \i in {1,...,5}
            \draw[gray] (\i,.1)--(\i,-.1) node[below] () {\i};
        \foreach \i in {-1,0,...,6}
            \draw[gray] (.1,\i)--(-.1,\i) node[left] () {\i};
        \filldraw[cyan] (1,3) circle(.1);
        \filldraw[cyan] (2,1) circle(.1);
        \filldraw[cyan] (3,4) circle(.1);
        \filldraw[cyan] (4,3) circle(.1);
        
        \draw[magenta,line width=3pt]   (-.5,-1.3)--(5,4.2) node[midway, above,sloped] () {\large $C:\quad \hat{y}=x-.8$};
        
        \draw[orange,line width=3pt]    (-.5,-.2)--(5,5.3) node[midway, above,sloped] () {\large $B:\quad \hat{y}=x+.3$};
                
        \draw[green!50!black,line width=3pt] (-.5,.5)--(5,6) node[midway, above,sloped] () {\large $A:\quad \hat{y}=x+1$};
        
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

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