= 根本不会渲染，而 \neq 会渲染为 /

Question 1

从上到下：

一般来说，压制警告不是一个好主意；
在特定情况下，classicthesis不再真正与兼容scrrprt，请改用book；
adrianstyle据我所知，没有classicthesis；
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}不再需要；
我一点也不喜欢这个\PassOptionsToPackage策略；
\textrm是你的公式中的错误工具。

最后，真正的问题在于选择

  eulermath=true,  % use awesome Euler fonts for mathematical formulae (only with pdfLaTeX)
  palatino=true,    % deactivate standard font for loading another one, see the last section at the end of this file for suggestions

然后，

\usepackage{lmodern}

如果愿意的话lmodern，删除这些选项即可classicthesis。

重新整形后的文档，内容如下lmodern：

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{book}

%********************************************************************
% PDF/A for TUbama
%*******************************************************
\PassOptionsToPackage{dvipsnames}{xcolor}
\usepackage[a-1b]{pdfx}

%********************************************************************
% Note: Make all your adjustments in here
%*******************************************************
\usepackage{etoolbox}
%\newtoggle{adrianstyle}
%\toggletrue{adrianstyle} % uncomment this line to have smaller margins
%\PassOptionsToPackage{adrianstyle=\iftoggle{adrianstyle}{true}{false}}{classicthesis}
%\newtoggle{parts}
%\toggletrue{parts} % uncomment to use parts (for long theses only!)
%\newtoggle{phd}
%\toggletrue{phd} % uncomment to write a full-blown PhD thesis (with parts, author references, etc.)
%\iftoggle{phd}{\toggletrue{parts}}{}

% !TeX root = ./Thesis.tex

%\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}

\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}

\usepackage[
  drafting=false,    % print version information on the bottom of the pages
  tocaligned=false, % the left column of the toc will be aligned (no indentation)
  dottedtoc=true,  % page numbers in ToC flushed right
  eulerchapternumbers=true, % use AMS Euler for chapter font (otherwise Palatino)
  linedheaders=false,       % chaper headers will have line above and beneath
  floatperchapter=false,     % numbering per chapter for all floats (i.e., Figure 1.1)
%  eulermath=true,  % use awesome Euler fonts for mathematical formulae (only with pdfLaTeX)
  beramono=true,    % toggle a nice monospaced font (w/ bold)
%  palatino=true,    % deactivate standard font for loading another one, see the last section at the end of this file for suggestions
  style=classicthesis % classicthesis, arsclassica
]{classicthesis}

\usepackage{amsmath} % added
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{fixcmex}

\usepackage[ngerman,american]{babel} % change this to your language(s), main language last

\usepackage[autostyle=true]{csquotes}
\usepackage[
  backend=biber,bibencoding=utf8, 
  language=auto,
  style=numeric-comp,
  sorting=nyt, % name, year, title
  maxbibnames=10, % default: 3, et al.
  %backref=true,
  defernumbers=true, % enable so split references (author's publications) have continuous numbers
  natbib=true % natbib compatibility mode (\citep and \citet still work)
]{biblatex}

\DeclareMathOperator{\CIR}{CIR}

\begin{document}

\[
\CIR[t] = (g_{\mathrm{loc}} * s) [ t ] \neq x
\]

\end{document}

Answer

从上到下：

一般来说，压制警告不是一个好主意；
在特定情况下，classicthesis不再真正与兼容scrrprt，请改用book；
adrianstyle据我所知，没有classicthesis；
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}不再需要；
我一点也不喜欢这个\PassOptionsToPackage策略；
\textrm是你的公式中的错误工具。

最后，真正的问题在于选择

  eulermath=true,  % use awesome Euler fonts for mathematical formulae (only with pdfLaTeX)
  palatino=true,    % deactivate standard font for loading another one, see the last section at the end of this file for suggestions

然后，

\usepackage{lmodern}

如果愿意的话lmodern，删除这些选项即可classicthesis。

重新整形后的文档，内容如下lmodern：

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{book}

%********************************************************************
% PDF/A for TUbama
%*******************************************************
\PassOptionsToPackage{dvipsnames}{xcolor}
\usepackage[a-1b]{pdfx}

%********************************************************************
% Note: Make all your adjustments in here
%*******************************************************
\usepackage{etoolbox}
%\newtoggle{adrianstyle}
%\toggletrue{adrianstyle} % uncomment this line to have smaller margins
%\PassOptionsToPackage{adrianstyle=\iftoggle{adrianstyle}{true}{false}}{classicthesis}
%\newtoggle{parts}
%\toggletrue{parts} % uncomment to use parts (for long theses only!)
%\newtoggle{phd}
%\toggletrue{phd} % uncomment to write a full-blown PhD thesis (with parts, author references, etc.)
%\iftoggle{phd}{\toggletrue{parts}}{}

% !TeX root = ./Thesis.tex

%\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}

\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}

\usepackage[
  drafting=false,    % print version information on the bottom of the pages
  tocaligned=false, % the left column of the toc will be aligned (no indentation)
  dottedtoc=true,  % page numbers in ToC flushed right
  eulerchapternumbers=true, % use AMS Euler for chapter font (otherwise Palatino)
  linedheaders=false,       % chaper headers will have line above and beneath
  floatperchapter=false,     % numbering per chapter for all floats (i.e., Figure 1.1)
%  eulermath=true,  % use awesome Euler fonts for mathematical formulae (only with pdfLaTeX)
  beramono=true,    % toggle a nice monospaced font (w/ bold)
%  palatino=true,    % deactivate standard font for loading another one, see the last section at the end of this file for suggestions
  style=classicthesis % classicthesis, arsclassica
]{classicthesis}

\usepackage{amsmath} % added
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{fixcmex}

\usepackage[ngerman,american]{babel} % change this to your language(s), main language last

\usepackage[autostyle=true]{csquotes}
\usepackage[
  backend=biber,bibencoding=utf8, 
  language=auto,
  style=numeric-comp,
  sorting=nyt, % name, year, title
  maxbibnames=10, % default: 3, et al.
  %backref=true,
  defernumbers=true, % enable so split references (author's publications) have continuous numbers
  natbib=true % natbib compatibility mode (\citep and \citet still work)
]{biblatex}

\DeclareMathOperator{\CIR}{CIR}

\begin{document}

\[
\CIR[t] = (g_{\mathrm{loc}} * s) [ t ] \neq x
\]

\end{document}

Question 2

正如 @WillieWong 在评论中解释的那样，首先加载 Palatino、Beramono、eulermath，然后使用lmodern切换这些字体是没有意义的。如果您想使用 Latin Modern 字体，则不应加载其他字体，因此请更改的选项classicthesis。我还删除了与问题无关的所有包，并将设置选项到包和加载包的奇怪拆分替换为仅使用选项加载包：

\documentclass[twoside,openright,
titlepage,% option is default and therefore not needed here
numbers=noenddot,
% 1headlines,% option 1headlines would be depracated, see the manual for option headlines
headinclude,footinclude,
cleardoublepage=empty,% option is default (as long as not using deprecated options) and therefore not needed here
abstract=on,
BCOR=5mm,
paper=a4,fontsize=11pt% both options are default and therefore not needed here
]{scrreprt}

\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}

\usepackage[
    drafting=false,    % print version information on the bottom of the pages
    tocaligned=false, % the left column of the toc will be aligned (no indentation)
    dottedtoc=true,  % page numbers in ToC flushed right
    linedheaders=false,       % chaper headers will have line above and beneath
    floatperchapter=false,     % numbering per chapter for all floats (i.e.,
    % Figure 1.1)
    % CHANGED: Because loading fonts makes not sense, if you want lmodern:
    eulerchapternumbers=false,
    eulermath=false,% this one is the absolutely needed option to use lmodern math fonts
    beramono=false,
    palatino=false, 
    style=classicthesis % classicthesis, arsclassica
]{classicthesis}

\providecommand{\mLyX}{L\kern-.1667em\lower.25em\hbox{Y}\kern-.125emX\@}

\usepackage[ngerman,american]{babel}

\usepackage{lmodern} % if you delete this one, you can switch back to eulermath, palatino etc.
\begin{document}

    \[ \textrm{CIR} [ t ] = (g_{\textrm{loc}} * s) [ t ] \] 

\end{document}

现在你得到：

顺便说一句：现在关于不推荐的包和类的组合的警告不再隐藏，因此您可以在日志文件中找到classicthesis使用 KOMA-Script 类时不推荐的一些事情。

顺便说一句：编码包inputenc不应该需要utf8。如果你需要它，你应该更新你的 LaTeX 安装，因为它已经超过五年了，因此支持将越来越困难。

Answer

正如 @WillieWong 在评论中解释的那样，首先加载 Palatino、Beramono、eulermath，然后使用lmodern切换这些字体是没有意义的。如果您想使用 Latin Modern 字体，则不应加载其他字体，因此请更改的选项classicthesis。我还删除了与问题无关的所有包，并将设置选项到包和加载包的奇怪拆分替换为仅使用选项加载包：

\documentclass[twoside,openright,
titlepage,% option is default and therefore not needed here
numbers=noenddot,
% 1headlines,% option 1headlines would be depracated, see the manual for option headlines
headinclude,footinclude,
cleardoublepage=empty,% option is default (as long as not using deprecated options) and therefore not needed here
abstract=on,
BCOR=5mm,
paper=a4,fontsize=11pt% both options are default and therefore not needed here
]{scrreprt}

\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}

\usepackage[
    drafting=false,    % print version information on the bottom of the pages
    tocaligned=false, % the left column of the toc will be aligned (no indentation)
    dottedtoc=true,  % page numbers in ToC flushed right
    linedheaders=false,       % chaper headers will have line above and beneath
    floatperchapter=false,     % numbering per chapter for all floats (i.e.,
    % Figure 1.1)
    % CHANGED: Because loading fonts makes not sense, if you want lmodern:
    eulerchapternumbers=false,
    eulermath=false,% this one is the absolutely needed option to use lmodern math fonts
    beramono=false,
    palatino=false, 
    style=classicthesis % classicthesis, arsclassica
]{classicthesis}

\providecommand{\mLyX}{L\kern-.1667em\lower.25em\hbox{Y}\kern-.125emX\@}

\usepackage[ngerman,american]{babel}

\usepackage{lmodern} % if you delete this one, you can switch back to eulermath, palatino etc.
\begin{document}

    \[ \textrm{CIR} [ t ] = (g_{\textrm{loc}} * s) [ t ] \] 

\end{document}

现在你得到：

顺便说一句：现在关于不推荐的包和类的组合的警告不再隐藏，因此您可以在日志文件中找到classicthesis使用 KOMA-Script 类时不推荐的一些事情。

顺便说一句：编码包inputenc不应该需要utf8。如果你需要它，你应该更新你的 LaTeX 安装，因为它已经超过五年了，因此支持将越来越困难。

= 根本不会渲染，而 \neq 会渲染为 /

答案1

答案2

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