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删除图形周围的所有空间，并使其与文本宽度一样宽，但不改变字体大小

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删除图形周围的所有空间，并使其与文本宽度一样宽，但不改变字体大小

我正在制作两个数字pgf图包，其中一个在顶部，另一个在底部。它们之间有空白。我该如何删除该空白？此外，我如何才能使所有内容都像 一样宽\textwidth？

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.8}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[showframe]{geometry}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}
    \centering
    \pgfplotsset{
        scale only axis,
        enlargelimits=false,
        width=0.4\textwidth,
        height=2cm,
        xmin=0.5,
        xmax=16.5,
        xticklabel=\empty,
        xtick={1,2,...,16},
        leftinnery/.style={
            every y tick label/.append style=green!75!black,
            ytick style=green!75!black,
            ylabel=a,
            ylabel style=green!75!black,
            axis y line*=left,
            y axis line style=green!75!black,
            },
        rightinnery/.style={
            every y tick label/.append style=blue,
            ytick style=blue,
            ylabel=b,
            ylabel style=blue,
            axis y line*=right,
            y axis line style=blue,
            },
        leftoutery/.style={
            every y tick label/.append style={red,xshift=-1.7cm},
            ytick style={red,xshift=-1.7cm},
            ylabel=c,
            ylabel style=red,
            axis y line*=left,
            y axis line style={red,xshift=-1.7cm},
            },
        rightoutery/.style={
            every y tick label/.append style={brown,xshift=1.4cm},
            ytick style={brown,xshift=1.4cm},
            ylabel=d,
            ylabel style=brown,
            axis y line*=right,
            y axis line style={brown,xshift=1.4cm},
            },
        }

    \begin{tikzpicture}
            \begin{axis}[leftinnery]
                \addplot[green!75!black, mark=o, draw] table[x index=0]{
                    1   10
                    };
                \node[anchor=north west] at (rel axis cs:0,1) {东湖};
            \end{axis}            
            \begin{axis}[rightinnery]
                \addplot[blue, mark=x, draw] table[x index=0]{
                    1   2
                    };
            \end{axis}
            \begin{axis}[leftoutery]
                \addplot[red, mark=+, draw] table[x index=0]{
                    1   1000
                    };
            \end{axis}
            \begin{axis}[rightoutery]
                \addplot[brown, mark=Mercedes star, draw] table[x index=0]{
                    1   3
                    };
            \end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}\\
     \begin{tikzpicture}[yshift=-\lineskip]
            \begin{axis}[leftinnery]
                \addplot[green!75!black, mark=o, draw] table[x index=0]{
                    1   400
                    };
                \node[anchor=north west] at (rel axis cs:0,1) {东湖};
            \end{axis}            
            \begin{axis}[rightinnery]
                \addplot[blue, mark=x, draw] table[x index=0]{
                    1   2
                    };
            \end{axis}
            \begin{axis}[leftoutery]
                \addplot[red, mark=+, draw] table[x index=0]{
                    1   3
                    };
            \end{axis}
            \begin{axis}[rightoutery]
                \addplot[brown, mark=Mercedes star, draw] table[x index=0]{
                    1   40
                    };
            \end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}

\end{figure}
\end{document}

这将产生以下内容：

在此处输入图片描述

似乎图形左侧有一点空白，所以图形稍微向右移动了一点。我怎样才能删除这个空白？如何对齐所有标签和 y 轴？我想这很难。使用群体图可以这样做，但是如何绘制多个 y 轴？

答案1

诀窍是使用scope而不是新的tikzpicture。我使用 对齐了 y 标签ylabel absolute，同时将所有标签放在彼此的顶部。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.8}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[showframe]{geometry}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}
    \centering
    \pgfplotsset{
        scale only axis,
        enlargelimits=false,
        width=0.4\textwidth,
        height=2cm,
        xmin=0.5,
        xmax=16.5,
        xticklabel=\empty,
        xtick={1,2,...,16},
        ylabel absolute,
        leftinnery/.style={
            every y tick label/.append style=green!75!black,
            ytick style=green!75!black,
            ylabel=a,
            ylabel style=green!75!black,
            axis y line*=left,
            y axis line style=green!75!black,
            },
        rightinnery/.style={
            every y tick label/.append style=blue,
            ytick style=blue,
            ylabel=b,
            ylabel style={blue, yshift=\dimexpr -0.4\textwidth-2.1cm},% 2.1cm by trial and error
            axis y line*=right,
            y axis line style=blue,
            },
        leftoutery/.style={
            every y tick label/.append style={red,xshift=-1.7cm},
            ytick style={red,xshift=-1.7cm},
            ylabel=c,
            ylabel style={red,yshift=1.7cm},
            ylabel shift=-1.7cm,
            axis y line*=left,
            y axis line style={red,xshift=-1.7cm},
            },
        rightoutery/.style={
            every y tick label/.append style={brown,xshift=1.4cm},
            ytick style={brown,xshift=1.4cm},
            ylabel=d,
            ylabel style={brown, yshift=\dimexpr -0.4\textwidth-2.1cm-1.4cm},
            axis y line*=right,
            y axis line style={brown,xshift=1.4cm},
            },
        }

    \begin{tikzpicture}
        \begin{scope}
            \begin{axis}[leftinnery]
                \addplot[green!75!black, mark=o, draw] table[x index=0]{
                    1   10
                    };
                \node[anchor=north west] at (rel axis cs:0,1) {东湖};
            \end{axis}            
            \begin{axis}[rightinnery]
                \addplot[blue, mark=x, draw] table[x index=0]{
                    1   2
                    };
            \end{axis}
            \begin{axis}[leftoutery]
                \addplot[red, mark=+, draw] table[x index=0]{
                    1   1000
                    };
            \end{axis}
            \begin{axis}[rightoutery]
                \addplot[brown, mark=Mercedes star, draw] table[x index=0]{
                    1   3
                    };
            \end{axis}
        \end{scope}
        \begin{scope}[yshift=-2cm]
            \begin{axis}[leftinnery]
                \addplot[green!75!black, mark=o, draw] table[x index=0]{
                    1   400
                    };
                \node[anchor=north west] at (rel axis cs:0,1) {东湖};
            \end{axis}            
            \begin{axis}[rightinnery]
                \addplot[blue, mark=x, draw] table[x index=0]{
                    1   2
                    };
            \end{axis}
            \begin{axis}[leftoutery]
                \addplot[red, mark=+, draw] table[x index=0]{
                    1   3
                    };
            \end{axis}
            \begin{axis}[rightoutery]
                \addplot[brown, mark=Mercedes star, draw] table[x index=0]{
                    1   40
                    };
            \end{axis}
        \end{scope}
    \end{tikzpicture}

\end{figure}
\end{document}

德诺

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