使用图案填充时出现问题

Question 1

循环\fill中\j有一个错误的选项（缺少逗号）：

\fill[pattern=grid,pattern color=redpattern=grid,pattern color=red] …;

让我们修复这个问题：

\fill[pattern=grid,pattern color=red] …;

相同的路径在坐标内使用括号进行计算。您将得到保护那些来自 TikZ 解析器的人加上另一副大括号：

 (\segmentStartingPoint + \segmentWidth,
   {\rectHeight*\i+(\segmentFillPercentage/100)*\rectHeight})

不过，括号不是必需的，您可以在这里使用相对坐标：

\fill[pattern=grid,pattern color=red]
  (\segmentStartingPoint, \rectHeight*\i)
  rectangle +(\segmentWidth, \segmentFillPercentage/100*\rectHeight);

对于数组，数组\segmentFillPercentages需要另一组括号，如下所示手册指出：

{x} （数组运算符）

[…]⟨array specification⟩由逗号分隔的元素组成，例如{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}。 […] 此外，数组的元素可以是数组本身，从而允许模拟多维数组：{1, {2,3}, {4,5}, 6}。在宏中存储数组时，请不要忘记周围的括号：\def\myarray{{1,2,3}}不是\def\myarray{1,2,3}。

在这里，我选择在 PGFMath 公式中插入这些括号：

\pgfmathsetmacro\currentSegmentFillPercentages{{\segmentFillPercentages}[\i]}

不幸的是，此时列表内的列表将转换为数组的内部表示，这意味着以后的访问将\currentSegmentFillPercentages不再起作用。您可以改用两个数组访问运算符：

\pgfmathsetmacro\segmentFillPercentage{{\segmentFillPercentages}[\i][\j]}

或者

\pgfmathArraysetmacro{\segmentFillPercentage}{\currentSegmentFillPercentages}{\j}

这样 PGFMath 就不需要[\i]多次访问。

但是，对于只有一个段的矩形，这两种方法都无法正常工作，因为内部表示不再兼容。

对于这一点，我们直接采用即可\currentSegmentFillPercentages。

（我还将\j循环转换为 0，...，\segmentCount-1 循环。）

代码

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns, arrows}
\makeatletter
\newcommand*\pgfmathArraysetmacro[3]{%
  \pgfmathtruncatemacro\@temp{#3}%
  \expandafter\pgfmatharray@#2{\@temp}%
  \let#1\pgfmathresult}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
% Set the width and height of the rectangles
\pgfmathsetmacro{\rectHeight}{1} % Height of all rectangles
\pgfmathsetmacro{\totalWidth}{8} % Total width of the bottom rectangle
\pgfmathsetmacro{\toprecPercentage}{0.8} % Width of the top rectangle as a percentage of the bottom rectangle

% Define the number of rectangles
\def\numRectangles{9}

% Define an array of descriptions for the arrows
\def\descriptions{{"Desc 0", "Desc 1", "Desc 2", "Desc 3", "Desc 4", "Desc 5", "Desc 6", "Desc 7", "Desc 8"}}

% Define an array of segment counts
\def\segmentCounts{{3, 9, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1}} % Number of segments for each rectangle

% Define segmentFillPercentages for each rectangle
\def\segmentFillPercentages{
  {70, 30, 50},  % Customize these percentages for rectangle 0
  {20, 40, 60, 80, 10, 30, 50, 70, 90},  % Customize these percentages for rectangle 1
  {10},         % Customize these percentages for rectangle 2
  {40},         % Customize these percentages for rectangle 3
  {20},         % Customize these percentages for rectangle 4
  {10},         % Customize these percentages for rectangle 5
  {40},         % Customize these percentages for rectangle 6
  {20},         % Customize these percentages for rectangle 7
  {100}         % Customize these percentages for rectangle 8
}

% Calculate the width of the top rectangle
\pgfmathsetmacro{\toprecWidth}{\toprecPercentage*\totalWidth}

% Draw the rectangles and fill them with different patterns based on patterns based on fill percentages and segment counts
\foreach \i in {0,...,\inteval{\numRectangles-1}} {
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\currentWidth}{\totalWidth - (\i/\numRectangles)*\toprecWidth}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\startingPoint}{0.5*(\totalWidth-\currentWidth)} % Calculate the starting point
  
  % Draw segments within each rectangle
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\segmentCount}{\segmentCounts[\i]}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\segmentWidth}{\currentWidth/\segmentCount}
  
  % Get the fill percentages for the current rectangle
  \pgfmathsetmacro\currentSegmentFillPercentages{{\segmentFillPercentages}[\i]}
  \typeout{\currentSegmentFillPercentages}
  % Draw and fill each segment with different fill percentages
  \foreach \j in {0,...,\inteval{\segmentCount-1}} {
    \ifnum\segmentCount=1 % need to check special case of just one segment
      \let\segmentFillPercentage\currentSegmentFillPercentages
    \else
      \pgfmathsetmacro\segmentFillPercentage{{\segmentFillPercentages}[\i][\j]}  % Option 1
%      \pgfmathArraysetmacro{\segmentFillPercentage}{\currentSegmentFillPercentages}{\j} % Option 2
    \fi

    \pgfmathsetmacro{\segmentStartingPoint}{\startingPoint + \j*\segmentWidth}

    \draw (\segmentStartingPoint, \rectHeight*\i) rectangle +(\segmentWidth, \rectHeight);
    \fill[pattern=grid,pattern color=red] (\segmentStartingPoint,\rectHeight*\i) rectangle + (\segmentWidth, \segmentFillPercentage/100*\rectHeight);
  }
    
  % Add arrows and descriptions within the loop
  \draw[->] (\startingPoint + \currentWidth + 0.2, \rectHeight*\i + 0.5*\rectHeight) -- +(.8,0)
    node[right, font=\footnotesize, text width=2cm] {\pgfmathprint{\descriptions[\i]}};
}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

输出

Answer