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2024-5-26 • tag-icon

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根据 Stack Overflow 上一位用户的建议，https://stackoverflow.com/questions/77449192/issue-with-asymptote-execution-in-latex-failed-to-create-directory-asy，我升级了所有 MikTeX 软件包，并将所有与 LaTeX 相关的文件移至一个文件夹。即 %USERPROFILE% 目录，因为这是 Asymptote 的起始目录。asy 命令仍然无法用于这些文件。我甚至尝试在 %USERPROFILE% 目录中预先构建一个 .asy 文件夹并将 .asy 文件放在那里，但即使这样它仍然不起作用。可能是因为 Windows 不允许您以 (句号/点/“。”) 结尾文件夹。我还尝试运行asy -f pdf asymptote-latex.asy

当它位于 %USERPROFILE% 目录中时，会出现以下错误消息：

C:\Users\twill>asy C:\Users\twill\asymptote-latex-1.asy
failed to create directory /.asy.
Error: /undefined in .setfillconstantalpha
Operand stack:
   1
Execution stack:
   %interp_exit   .runexec2   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   2   %stopped_push   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   false   1   %stopped_push   2015   1   3   %oparray_pop   2014   1   3   %oparray_pop   --nostringval--   1998   1   3   %oparray_pop   1884   1   3   %oparray_pop   --nostringval--   %errorexec_pop   .runexec2   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   2   %stopped_push   --nostringval--
Dictionary stack:
   --dict:980/1684(ro)(G)--   --dict:0/20(G)--   --dict:82/200(L)--
Current allocation mode is local
Current file position is 602
MiKTeX GPL Ghostscript 9.25: Unrecoverable error, exit code 1
  _shipout(prefix,f,currentpatterns,format,wait,view,t);
          ^
C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX/asymptote/plain_shipout.asy: 116.11: runtime: shipout failed

这是当它位于预建的 .asy 文件夹中时出现的错误消息：

C:\Users\twill>asy C:\Users\twill\.asy\asymptote-latex-1.asy
failed to create directory /.asy.
Error: /undefined in .setfillconstantalpha
Operand stack:
   1
Execution stack:
   %interp_exit   .runexec2   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   2   %stopped_push   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   false   1   %stopped_push   2015   1   3   %oparray_pop   2014   1   3   %oparray_pop   --nostringval--   1998   1   3   %oparray_pop   1884   1   3   %oparray_pop   --nostringval--   %errorexec_pop   .runexec2   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   2   %stopped_push   --nostringval--
Dictionary stack:
   --dict:980/1684(ro)(G)--   --dict:0/20(G)--   --dict:82/200(L)--
Current allocation mode is local
Current file position is 602
MiKTeX GPL Ghostscript 9.25: Unrecoverable error, exit code 1
  _shipout(prefix,f,currentpatterns,format,wait,view,t);
          ^
C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX/asymptote/plain_shipout.asy: 116.11: runtime: shipout failed

主要内容

这个问题进一步探讨了我之前的一个调查中涉及的一个问题：渐近线错误：编译期间缺少 PDF 文件

我在处理包含 Asymptote 代码的 LaTeX 文档时遇到了一个奇怪的问题。LaTeX 编译似乎生成了必要的.asy文件，但当我尝试对这些文件单独执行 Asymptote 时，我遇到了困难。

以下是我的设置和采取的步骤：

我正在使用 Windows 操作系统。
我已经成功安装了 LaTeX、Asymptote 和 Ghostscript，并且已验证这三个都包含在我的系统 PATH 中。
编译我的 LaTeX 文档时，我使用 -shell-escape 选项。

当我观察到 PDF 文件的生成时，LaTeX 编译日志表明 Asymptote 代码正在正确执行(asymptote-latex-1.pdf)。但是，当我尝试在生成的.asy文件上手动运行 Asymptote 时，它不起作用。

我尝试使用以下命令来运行 Asymptote：

asy "C:\Users\twill\OneDrive\Desktop\ASYMPTOTE\output-directory\asymptote-latex-1.asy"
asy C:\Users\twill\asymptote-latex-*.asy

尽管如此，我还是遇到了问题，Asymptote 似乎无法正确处理文件。我遇到的具体错误消息是：failed to create directory /.asy.。LaTeX 编译的日志没有提供任何与 Asymptote 相关的错误消息。

是否有人遇到过类似的问题，即 LaTeX 编译生成.asy文件，但 Asymptote 对这些文件的执行失败？我将不胜感激任何见解、故障排除步骤或解决方案，以确保 Asymptote 代码.asy正确处理文件。

谢谢您的帮助。

MWE：（来源：未找到“filename-1.pdf” Asymptote）

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{asymptote}
\begin{document}
\begin{asy}
size(200);
pen[] p={red,green,blue,magenta};
path g=(0,0){dir(45)}..(1,0)..(1,1)..(0,1)..cycle;
tensorshade(g,p);
dot(g);
\end{asy}
\end{document}

日志：

This is pdfTeX, Version 3.141592653-2.6-1.40.25 (MiKTeX 23.5) (preloaded format=pdflatex 2023.8.22)  6 NOV 2023 10:25
entering extended mode
 restricted \write18 enabled.
 %&-line parsing enabled.
**C:/Users/twill/OneDrive/Desktop/ASYMPTOTE/asymptote-latex.tex
(C:/Users/twill/OneDrive/Desktop/ASYMPTOTE/asymptote-latex.tex
LaTeX2e <2023-06-01> patch level 1
L3 programming layer <2023-08-11>
(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/latex/base\article.cls
Document Class: article 2023/05/17 v1.4n Standard LaTeX document class
(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/latex/base\size10.clo
File: size10.clo 2023/05/17 v1.4n Standard LaTeX file (size option)
)
\c@part=\count185
\c@section=\count186
\c@subsection=\count187
\c@subsubsection=\count188
\c@paragraph=\count189
\c@subparagraph=\count190
\c@figure=\count191
\c@table=\count192
\abovecaptionskip=\skip48
\belowcaptionskip=\skip49
\bibindent=\dimen140
)
(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/latex/graphics\graphicx.sty
Package: graphicx 2021/09/16 v1.2d Enhanced LaTeX Graphics (DPC,SPQR)

(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/latex/graphics\keyval.sty
Package: keyval 2022/05/29 v1.15 key=value parser (DPC)
\KV@toks@=\toks17
)
(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/latex/graphics\graphics.sty
Package: graphics 2022/03/10 v1.4e Standard LaTeX Graphics (DPC,SPQR)

(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/latex/graphics\trig.sty
Package: trig 2021/08/11 v1.11 sin cos tan (DPC)
)
(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/latex/graphics-cfg\graphics.c
fg
File: graphics.cfg 2016/06/04 v1.11 sample graphics configuration
)
Package graphics Info: Driver file: pdftex.def on input line 107.

(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/latex/graphics-def\pdftex.def
File: pdftex.def 2022/09/22 v1.2b Graphics/color driver for pdftex
))
\Gin@req@height=\dimen141
\Gin@req@width=\dimen142
)
(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/latex/asymptote\asymptote.sty
Package: asymptote 2021/12/29 v1.37 Asymptote style file for LaTeX
(asymptote-latex.pre)
\ASYbox=\box51
\ASYdimen=\dimen143
\c@asy=\count193
\AsyStream=\write3
\AsyPreStream=\write4

(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/latex/base\ifthen.sty
Package: ifthen 2022/04/13 v1.1d Standard LaTeX ifthen package (DPC)
)
(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/generic/iftex\ifpdf.sty
Package: ifpdf 2019/10/25 v3.4 ifpdf legacy package. Use iftex instead.

(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/generic/iftex\iftex.sty
Package: iftex 2022/02/03 v1.0f TeX engine tests
))
(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/generic/iftex\ifxetex.sty
Package: ifxetex 2019/10/25 v0.7 ifxetex legacy package. Use iftex instead.
)
(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/generic/catchfile\catchfile.s
ty
Package: catchfile 2019/12/09 v1.8 Catch the contents of a file (HO)

(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/generic/infwarerr\infwarerr.s
ty
Package: infwarerr 2019/12/03 v1.5 Providing info/warning/error messages (HO)
)
(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/generic/ltxcmds\ltxcmds.sty
Package: ltxcmds 2020-05-10 v1.25 LaTeX kernel commands for general use (HO)
)
(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/generic/etexcmds\etexcmds.sty
Package: etexcmds 2019/12/15 v1.7 Avoid name clashes with e-TeX commands (HO)
))
\openout4 = `asymptote-latex.pre'.

)
(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/latex/l3backend\l3backend-pdf
tex.def
File: l3backend-pdftex.def 2023-04-19 L3 backend support: PDF output (pdfTeX)
\l__color_backend_stack_int=\count194
\l__pdf_internal_box=\box52
) (asymptote-latex.aux)
\openout1 = `asymptote-latex.aux'.

LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for OML/cmm/m/it on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for OMS/cmsy/m/n on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for OT1/cmr/m/n on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for T1/cmr/m/n on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for TS1/cmr/m/n on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for OMX/cmex/m/n on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for U/cmr/m/n on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 4.

(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/context/base/mkii\supp-pdf.mk
ii
[Loading MPS to PDF converter (version 2006.09.02).]
\scratchcounter=\count195
\scratchdimen=\dimen144
\scratchbox=\box53
\nofMPsegments=\count196
\nofMParguments=\count197
\everyMPshowfont=\toks18
\MPscratchCnt=\count198
\MPscratchDim=\dimen145
\MPnumerator=\count199
\makeMPintoPDFobject=\count266
\everyMPtoPDFconversion=\toks19
)
(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/latex/epstopdf-pkg\epstopdf-b
ase.sty
Package: epstopdf-base 2020-01-24 v2.11 Base part for package epstopdf
Package epstopdf-base Info: Redefining graphics rule for `.eps' on input line 4
85.

(C:\Users\twill\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/latex/00miktex\epstopdf-sys.c
fg
File: epstopdf-sys.cfg 2021/03/18 v2.0 Configuration of epstopdf for MiKTeX
))
\openout3 = `asymptote-latex-1.asy'.

<asymptote-latex-1.pdf, id=1, 200.75pt x 131.06967pt>
File: asymptote-latex-1.pdf Graphic file (type pdf)
<use asymptote-latex-1.pdf>
Package pdftex.def Info: asymptote-latex-1.pdf  used on input line 11.
(pdftex.def)             Requested size: 200.7495pt x 131.06934pt.
 [1

{C:/Users/twill/AppData/Local/MiKTeX/fonts/map/pdftex/pdftex.map} <./asymptote-
latex-1.pdf>] (asymptote-latex.aux)
 ***********
LaTeX2e <2023-06-01> patch level 1
L3 programming layer <2023-08-11>
 ***********
 ) 
Here is how much of TeX's memory you used:
 1800 strings out of 475503
 31543 string characters out of 5761834
 1916248 words of memory out of 12000000
 23078 multiletter control sequences out of 15000+600000
 558069 words of font info for 36 fonts, out of 8000000 for 9000
 1141 hyphenation exceptions out of 8191
 62i,5n,65p,256b,139s stack positions out of 10000i,1000n,20000p,200000b,200000s
<C:/Users/twill/AppData/Local/Programs/MiKTeX/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/
cmr10.pfb>
Output written on asymptote-latex.pdf (1 page, 9798 bytes).
PDF statistics:
 13 PDF objects out of 1000 (max. 8388607)
 0 named destinations out of 1000 (max. 500000)
 6 words of extra memory for PDF output out of 10000 (max. 10000000)

答案1

在我校一位教授的帮助下，这个问题已经解决了！

以下是我采取的步骤（供将来自己参考以及其他遇到同样问题的人参考）。

步骤 1：卸载 ghostscript 和 miktex

第 2 步：安装 miktex 和最新的 ghostscript。

步骤 3：全局搜索 mgs（在 MikTeX 目录中）并将其更改为其他内容（我使用了 mgstemp）

第四步：全局搜索gswin64.exe（在ghostscript目录下）并将其改名为mgs

步骤 5：每次更新 MikTeX 时，它都会创建一个新的 mgs 文件（在 MikTex 目录中！！！！！）。每次都需要将其更改为其他名称。

pdflatex test第 6 步：然后命令asy test-1.asy将pdflatex test生成您的文档！

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答案1

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