我使用 Pandoc 生成使用 longtable 的 LaTeX。默认情况下，longtable 的表格标题不会放置在边距中。根据此答案，可行的解决方案是以下 hack：
\makeatletter
\def\LT@makecaption#1#2#3{%
\noalign{\smash{\hbox{\kern\textwidth\rlap{\kern\marginparsep
\parbox[t]{\marginparwidth}{\vspace{10pt}%
\@tufte@caption@font\@tufte@caption@justification\noindent
#1{#2:~}\ignorespaces#3}}}}}}
\makeatother
在 tufte-latex 文档中使用 longtable 在外边距中添加标题
但是，这总是将标题放在右侧。使用对称文档选项，边距会交替，因此会破坏边距放置。这是使用最新的 TinyTeX 和 XeTeX 引擎（尽管 PDFTeX 不会显示相同的错误）。
另一个小问题是，即使在具有右边距的页面上，标题也会在水平方向上略微缩进，并且行距似乎不正确？
字幕位置损坏：
显示略微缩进的边距标题：
M[非]WE：
\documentclass[symmetric,nobib]{tufte-book}
\usepackage{longtable,booktabs}
% fix longtable captions:
% https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/182653/caption-in-the-outer-margin-using-longtable-within-a-tufte-latex-document
\makeatletter
\def\LT@makecaption#1#2#3{%
\noalign{\smash{\hbox{\kern\textwidth\rlap{\kern\marginparsep
\parbox[t]{\marginparwidth}{\vspace{10pt}%
\@tufte@caption@font\@tufte@caption@justification\noindent
#1{#2:~}\ignorespaces#3}}}}}}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{lcr}
\toprule
Heading & Style & Size \\
\midrule
Part & roman & {40} \\
Chapter & italic & {40} \\
Section & italic & {26} \\
Subsection & italic & {26} \\
Paragraph & italic & 10/14 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\caption{This is a table with a caption. This is some filler text.}
\end{table}
Here is some text.\marginnote{This is a marginnote.}
\begin{longtable}[]{@{}lll@{}}
\caption{This is a longtable with a caption. This is some filler text.}\tabularnewline
\toprule\noalign{}
Sun & Earth & Moon \\
\midrule\noalign{}
\endfirsthead
\toprule\noalign{}
Sun & Earth & Moon \\
\midrule\noalign{}
\endhead
\bottomrule\noalign{}
\endlastfoot
A & D & G \\
B & E & H \\
C & F & I \\
\end{longtable}
\newpage
\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{lcr}
\toprule
Heading & Style & Size \\
\midrule
Part & roman & {40} \\
Chapter & italic & {40} \\
Section & italic & {26} \\
Subsection & italic & {26} \\
Paragraph & italic & 10/14 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\caption{This is a table with a caption. This is some filler text.}
\end{table}
Here is some text.\marginnote{This is a marginnote.}
\begin{longtable}[]{@{}lll@{}}
\caption{This is a longtable with a caption. This is some filler text.}\tabularnewline
\toprule\noalign{}
Sun & Earth & Moon \\
\midrule\noalign{}
\endfirsthead
\toprule\noalign{}
Sun & Earth & Moon \\
\midrule\noalign{}
\endhead
\bottomrule\noalign{}
\endlastfoot
A & D & G \\
B & E & H \\
C & F & I \\
\end{longtable}
\end{document}
答案1
这只是大卫的回答使其对称，因此如果您愿意，您需要对垂直定位进行相同的调整：
\documentclass[symmetric]{tufte-book}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{longtable}
\makeatletter
\def\LT@makecaption#1#2#3{% ateb David Carlisle: https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/183344/ -> +symmetry: https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/701116/
\ifodd\c@page
\noalign{%
\smash{%
\hbox{\kern\textwidth\kern-\parindent\rlap{\kern\marginparsep
\parbox[t]{\marginparwidth}{%
\@tufte@caption@font \@tufte@caption@justification \noindent
#1{#2: }\ignorespaces #3}}%
}%
}%
}%
\else
\noalign{%
\smash{%
\hbox{\llap{%
\parbox[t]{\marginparwidth}{%
\@tufte@caption@font \@tufte@caption@justification \noindent
#1{#2: }\ignorespaces #3}%
\kern\marginparsep
}%
}%
}%
}%
\fi
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{lcr}
\toprule
Heading & Style & Size \\
\midrule
Part & roman & {40} \\
Chapter & italic & {40} \\
Section & italic & {26} \\
Subsection & italic & {26} \\
Paragraph & italic & 10/14 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\caption{Heading styles used in.}
\end{table}
\begin{longtable}{lcccc}
\caption{Verification methods.}\\
\toprule
Requirement id & Review of design & Analysis & Inspection & Test \\
\toprule
\endfirsthead
\toprule
Requirement id & Review of design & Analysis & Inspection & Test \\
%\otoprule
\endhead
\bottomrule
\endfoot
One & * & & & \\
\midrule
Two & * & & & \\
\midrule
Three & * & & & \\
\midrule
Four & * & & & \\
\end{longtable}
\clearpage
\begin{longtable}{lcccc}
\caption{Verification methods.}\\
\toprule
Requirement id & Review of design & Analysis & Inspection & Test \\
\toprule
\endfirsthead
\toprule
Requirement id & Review of design & Analysis & Inspection & Test \\
%\otoprule
\endhead
\bottomrule
\endfoot
One & * & & & \\
\midrule
Two & * & & & \\
\midrule
Three & * & & & \\
\midrule
Four & * & & & \\
\end{longtable}
\end{document}
下面添加了一个框架来演示与页面布局的关系。这显示了更正后的水平对齐，但需要添加垂直调整，如 David 在其原始答案的评论中所述。
