我正在为我的博士论文写一个表格，但它有点太长了，一页都放不下。我尝试使用包长桌将其拆分成两页，但 Latex 不会编译它，我不明白为什么。
这是我的“正常”表的代码：
\begin{table}
\footnotesize
\caption{Overview of the samples in the corpus of artists' materials.}
\label{table:corpus_artists_materials}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{cc}
\toprule
\multicolumn{2}{c}{\textbf{Reference samples}} \\
\midrule
Synthesized ZnO & ZnO nanosmoke synthesized \\
& as in Zhang et al. (2020) \cite{zhangControlled2020} \\
\midrule
\textit{Br\"uggemann} & Two powders (2020, indirect and direct method) \\
\toprule
\multicolumn{2}{c}{\textbf{ZnO manufacturers}} \\
\midrule
KF Chemicals & One powder (historical) \\
Japan, since 1951 & \\
\midrule
Kremer & Two powders (2010 and 2021) \\
Germany, since 1977 & \\
\midrule
Maastrichtsche zinkwit Maatschappij & Five powders of different grades (1907-1989) \\
The Netherlands, 1870-1989\footnote{Then acquired by the \textit{Vieille Montagne}.} & \\
\midrule
Merck & One powder (historical) \\
Germany, since 1668 & \\ \midrule
Sikkens & One powder (historical) \\
The Netherlands, since 1792 & \\ \midrule
Vieille Montagne & Six powders of different grades (1847-1989) \\
Belgium, 1837-1989\footnote{Then Union Minière, today Umicore.} & \\ \midrule
\multicolumn{2}{c}{\textbf{Colour manufacturers}} \\
\midrule
Blockx & Two paint tubes (1976 and 2021) \\
Belgium, since 1865 & One titan-zinc white paint tube (2021) \\
\midrule
Bocour & One paint tube (1933-75) \\
US, since 1932 & One titan-zinc white paint jar (1940-75) \\
\midrule
Charvin & One paint tube (2010) \\
France, since 1830 & \\ \midrule
Craftint Manufacturing Company & One paint tube (1950s) \\
US, 1929-2018 & \\ \midrule
Fezandie \& Sperrle & One powder (historical) \\
US, until 1979 & \\ \midrule
Grumbacher & Three paint tubes (1950s and two tubes from1960-75) \\
US, since 1905\footnote{Today in Chartpark, Inc.} & \\
\midrule
Lefranc & One paint tube (1930s) \\
France, 1720-1964\footnote{Then Lefranc \& Bourgeois.} & one paint sample (1950) \\
& One powder with a binder (before 1964) \\
\midrule
Lefranc \& Bourgeois & Two paint tubes (after 1964, 2021) \\
France, since 1964 & One pastel (after 1964) \\
\midrule
Maimeri & One paint sample from a color chart (1939-46) \\
Italy, since 1923\footnote{In Fila group since 2014.} & One paint tube (1970s) \\
\midrule
Michael Harding & One paint tube (2021) \\
US, since 1982 & \\
\midrule
Old Holland & One paint tube (2010) \\
The Netherlands, since 1664 & \\
\midrule
Permanent Pigments & One powder (1933-55) \\
US, 1933-55 & One paint tube (1933-55) \\
\midrule
Ripolin & One paint sample from a color chart (1900) \\
France, since 1888 & \\
\midrule
Sennelier & Two powders (after 1887, 2021) \\
France, since 1887 & Two paint tubes (after the 1920s, 2021) \\
\midrule
Talens & Two paint tubes (1930s)\footnote{From the same box: one in good condition, the other yellowed and dried.} \\
The Netherlands, 1889-1969\footnote{Then \textit{Sikkens} group, then \textit{Akzo Nobel}.} & \\
\midrule
Vilhelm Pacht & One paint tube (1890-1909) \\
Denmark, since 1887 & \\
\midrule
Winsor \& Newton & One paint tube (2021) \\
UK, since 1832 & \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
以下是整理后的表格：
这就是我想要的结果，但正如您所见，表格太长了。我想让 Latex 将其拆分成一个新页面，重复标题“品牌”和“样品”。这是我尝试过但没有成功的长表代码：
\begin{longtable}{cc} % Two columns
\caption{Overview of the samples in the corpus of artists' materials.}
\label{table:corpus_artists_materials}
\toprule
\textbf{Brand} & \textbf{Samples} \\
\midrule
\endfirsthead
\toprule
\textbf{Brand} & \textbf{Samples} \\
\midrule
\endhead
\bottomrule
\endfoot
\bottomrule
\endlastfoot
\toprule
\multicolumn{2}{c}{\textbf{Reference samples}} \\
\midrule
Synthesized ZnO & ZnO nanosmoke synthesized \\
& as in Zhang et al. (2020) \cite{zhangControlled2020} \\
\midrule
\textit{Br\"uggemann} & Two powders (2020, indirect and direct method) \\
\toprule
\multicolumn{2}{c}{\textbf{ZnO manufacturers}} \\
\midrule
KF Chemicals & One powder (historical) \\
Japan, since 1951 & \\
\midrule
Kremer & Two powders (2010 and 2021) \\
Germany, since 1977 & \\
\midrule
Maastrichtsche zinkwit Maatschappij & Five powders of different grades (1907-1989) \\
The Netherlands, 1870-1989\footnote{Then acquired by the \textit{Vieille Montagne}.} & \\
\midrule
Merck & One powder (historical) \\
Germany, since 1668 & \\ \midrule
Sikkens & One powder (historical) \\
The Netherlands, since 1792 & \\ \midrule
Vieille Montagne & Six powders of different grades (1847-1989) \\
Belgium, 1837-1989\footnote{Then Union Minière, today Umicore.} & \\ \midrule
\multicolumn{2}{c}{\textbf{Colour manufacturers}} \\
\midrule
Blockx & Two paint tubes (1976 and 2021) \\
Belgium, since 1865 & One titan-zinc white paint tube (2021) \\
\midrule
Bocour & One paint tube (1933-75) \\
US, since 1932 & One titan-zinc white paint jar (1940-75) \\
\midrule
Charvin & One paint tube (2010) \\
France, since 1830 & \\ \midrule
Craftint Manufacturing Company & One paint tube (1950s) \\
US, 1929-2018 & \\ \midrule
Fezandie \& Sperrle & One powder (historical) \\
US, until 1979 & \\ \midrule
Grumbacher & Three paint tubes (1950s and two tubes from1960-75) \\
US, since 1905\footnote{Today in Chartpark, Inc.} & \\
\midrule
Lefranc & One paint tube (1930s) \\
France, 1720-1964\footnote{Then Lefranc \& Bourgeois.} & one paint sample (1950) \\
& One powder with a binder (before 1964) \\
\midrule
Lefranc \& Bourgeois & Two paint tubes (after 1964, 2021) \\
France, since 1964 & One pastel (after 1964) \\
\midrule
Maimeri & One paint sample from a color chart (1939-46) \\
Italy, since 1923\footnote{In Fila group since 2014.} & One paint tube (1970s) \\
\midrule
Michael Harding & One paint tube (2021) \\
US, since 1982 & \\
\midrule
Old Holland & One paint tube (2010) \\
The Netherlands, since 1664 & \\
\midrule
Permanent Pigments & One powder (1933-55) \\
US, 1933-55 & One paint tube (1933-55) \\
\midrule
Ripolin & One paint sample from a color chart (1900) \\
France, since 1888 & \\
\midrule
Sennelier & Two powders (after 1887, 2021) \\
France, since 1887 & Two paint tubes (after the 1920s, 2021) \\
\midrule
Talens & Two paint tubes (1930s)\footnote{From the same box: one in good condition, the other yellowed and dried.} \\
The Netherlands, 1889-1969\footnote{Then \textit{Sikkens} group, then \textit{Akzo Nobel}.} & \\
\midrule
Vilhelm Pacht & One paint tube (1890-1909) \\
Denmark, since 1887 & \\
\midrule
Winsor \& Newton & One paint tube (2021) \\
UK, since 1832 & \\
\bottomrule
\end{longtable}
有人能帮我吗？非常感谢！！！
答案1
您可以保留longtable环境；只需抑制边缘的空白填充，并让两列之间的空白成为内生的。
我还会将单元格内容左对齐而不是居中，并且我会用 替换大多数\midrule指令以\addlinespace创建不那么混乱的“外观”。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{longtable,booktabs}
\begin{document}
\begingroup % localize scope of the next few instructions
\footnotesize
\setlength\tabcolsep{0pt}
\setlength\LTcapwidth{\textwidth}
\setlength\LTleft{0pt} % see section 5 of user guide of 'longtable' package
\setlength\LTright{0pt}
\begin{longtable}{@{\extracolsep{\fill}} ll @{}}
\caption{Overview of the samples in the corpus of artists' materials.}
\label{table:corpus_artists_materials}\\
\toprule
Brand & Samples \\
\midrule
\endfirsthead
\multicolumn{2}{@{}l}{Table \thetable, continued}\\
\addlinespace
\toprule
Brand & Samples \\
\midrule
\endhead
\bottomrule
\endlastfoot
\multicolumn{2}{@{}l}{\textsc{Reference samples}} \\
\addlinespace
Synthesized ZnO & ZnO nanosmoke synthesized \\
& as in Zhang et~al.\ (2020) \cite{zhangControlled2020} \\
\addlinespace
\textit{Brüggemann} & Two powders (2020, indirect and direct method) \\
\addlinespace\addlinespace
\multicolumn{2}{@{}l}{\textsc{ZnO manufacturers}} \\
\addlinespace
KF Chemicals & One powder (historical) \\
Japan, since 1951 & \\
\addlinespace
Kremer & Two powders (2010 and 2021) \\
Germany, since 1977 & \\
\addlinespace
Maastrichtsche zinkwit Maatschappij & Five powders of different grades (1907--1989) \\
The Netherlands, 1870--1989\footnote{Then acquired by the \textit{Vieille Montagne}.} & \\
\addlinespace
Merck & One powder (historical) \\
Germany, since 1668 & \\ \addlinespace
Sikkens & One powder (historical) \\
The Netherlands, since 1792 & \\ \addlinespace
Vieille Montagne & Six powders of different grades (1847--1989) \\
Belgium, 1837--1989\footnote{Then Union Minière, today Umicore.} & \\
\addlinespace\addlinespace
\multicolumn{2}{@{}l}{\textsc{Colour manufacturers}} \\
\addlinespace
Blockx & Two paint tubes (1976 and 2021) \\
Belgium, since 1865 & One titan-zinc white paint tube (2021) \\
\addlinespace
Bocour & One paint tube (1933--75) \\
US, since 1932 & One titan-zinc white paint jar (1940--75) \\
\addlinespace
Charvin & One paint tube (2010) \\
France, since 1830 & \\ \addlinespace
Craftint Manufacturing Company & One paint tube (1950s) \\
US, 1929--2018 & \\ \addlinespace
Fezandie \& Sperrle & One powder (historical) \\
US, until 1979 & \\ \addlinespace
Grumbacher & Three paint tubes (1950s and 2 tubes from 1960--75) \\
US, since 1905\footnote{Today in Chartpark, Inc.} & \\
\addlinespace
Lefranc & One paint tube (1930s) \\
France, 1720--1964\footnote{Then Lefranc \& Bourgeois.} & One paint sample (1950) \\
& One powder with a binder (before 1964) \\
\addlinespace
Lefranc \& Bourgeois & Two paint tubes (after 1964, 2021) \\
France, since 1964 & One pastel (after 1964) \\
\addlinespace
Maimeri & One paint sample from a color chart (1939--46) \\*
Italy, since 1923\footnote{In Fila group since 2014.} & One paint tube (1970s) \\
\addlinespace
Michael Harding & One paint tube (2021) \\*
US, since 1982 & \\
\addlinespace
Old Holland & One paint tube (2010) \\*
The Netherlands, since 1664 & \\
\addlinespace
Permanent Pigments & One powder (1933--55) \\*
US, 1933--55 & One paint tube (1933--55) \\
\addlinespace
Ripolin & One paint sample from a color chart (1900) \\*
France, since 1888 & \\
\addlinespace
Sennelier & Two powders (after 1887, 2021) \\*
France, since 1887 & Two paint tubes (after the 1920s, 2021) \\
\addlinespace
Talens & Two paint tubes (1930s)\footnote{From the same box: one in good condition, the other yellowed and dried.} \\
The Netherlands, 1889--1969\footnote{Then \textit{Sikkens} group, then \textit{Akzo Nobel}.} & \\
\addlinespace
Vilhelm Pacht & One paint tube (1890--1909) \\
Denmark, since 1887 & \\
\addlinespace
Winsor \& Newton & One paint tube (2021) \\
UK, since 1832 & \\
\end{longtable}
\endgroup
\end{document}
答案2
替换longtable为xltabular。它可以规定表格宽度，并将长测试分成几行文本：
\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}
%--------------- show page layout. don't use in a real document!
\usepackage{showframe}
\renewcommand\ShowFrameLinethickness{0.15pt}
\renewcommand*\ShowFrameColor{\color{red}}
%
\usepackage{lipsum} % for dummy text
%---------------------------------------------------------------%
\usepackage{xltabular}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\begin{document}
\begin{xltabular}{\linewidth}{*{2}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}} % Two columns
\caption{Overview of the samples in the corpus of artists' materials.}
\label{table:corpus_artists_materials} \\ % <---
\toprule
\textbf{Brand} & \textbf{Samples} \\
\midrule
\endfirsthead
\toprule
\textbf{Brand} & \textbf{Samples} \\
\midrule
\endhead
\bottomrule
\endfoot
\bottomrule
\endlastfoot
\toprule
\multicolumn{2}{c}{\textbf{Reference samples}} \\
\midrule
Synthesized ZnO & ZnO nanosmoke synthesized \\
& as in Zhang et al. (2020) \cite{zhangControlled2020} \\
\midrule
\textit{Br\"uggemann} & Two powders (2020, indirect and direct method) \\
\toprule
\multicolumn{2}{c}{\textbf{ZnO manufacturers}} \\
\midrule
KF Chemicals & One powder (historical) \\
Japan, since 1951 & \\
\midrule
Kremer & Two powders (2010 and 2021) \\
Germany, since 1977 & \\
\midrule
Maastrichtsche zinkwit Maatschappij & Five powders of different grades (1907-1989) \\
The Netherlands, 1870-1989\footnote{Then acquired by the \textit{Vieille Montagne}.} & \\
\midrule
Merck & One powder (historical) \\
Germany, since 1668 & \\ \midrule
Sikkens & One powder (historical) \\
The Netherlands, since 1792 & \\ \midrule
Vieille Montagne & Six powders of different grades (1847-1989) \\
Belgium, 1837-1989\footnote{Then Union Minière, today Umicore.} & \\ \midrule
\multicolumn{2}{c}{\textbf{Colour manufacturers}} \\
\midrule
Blockx & Two paint tubes (1976 and 2021) \\
Belgium, since 1865 & One titan-zinc white paint tube (2021) \\
\midrule
Bocour & One paint tube (1933-75) \\
US, since 1932 & One titan-zinc white paint jar (1940-75) \\
\midrule
Charvin & One paint tube (2010) \\
France, since 1830 & \\ \midrule
Craftint Manufacturing Company & One paint tube (1950s) \\
US, 1929-2018 & \\ \midrule
Fezandie \& Sperrle & One powder (historical) \\
US, until 1979 & \\ \midrule
Grumbacher & Three paint tubes (1950s and two tubes from1960-75) \\
US, since 1905\footnote{Today in Chartpark, Inc.} & \\
\midrule
Lefranc & One paint tube (1930s) \\
France, 1720-1964\footnote{Then Lefranc \& Bourgeois.} & one paint sample (1950) \\
& One powder with a binder (before 1964) \\
\midrule
Lefranc \& Bourgeois & Two paint tubes (after 1964, 2021) \\
France, since 1964 & One pastel (after 1964) \\
\midrule
Maimeri & One paint sample from a color chart (1939-46) \\
Italy, since 1923\footnote{In Fila group since 2014.} & One paint tube (1970s) \\
\midrule
Michael Harding & One paint tube (2021) \\
US, since 1982 & \\
\midrule
Old Holland & One paint tube (2010) \\
The Netherlands, since 1664 & \\
\midrule
Permanent Pigments & One powder (1933-55) \\
US, 1933-55 & One paint tube (1933-55) \\
\midrule
Ripolin & One paint sample from a color chart (1900) \\
France, since 1888 & \\
\midrule
Sennelier & Two powders (after 1887, 2021) \\
France, since 1887 & Two paint tubes (after the 1920s, 2021) \\
\midrule
Talens & Two paint tubes (1930s)\footnote{From the same box: one in good condition, the other yellowed and dried.} \\
The Netherlands, 1889-1969\footnote{Then \textit{Sikkens} group, then \textit{Akzo Nobel}.} & \\
\midrule
Vilhelm Pacht & One paint tube (1890-1909) \\
Denmark, since 1887 & \\
\midrule
Winsor \& Newton & One paint tube (2021) \\
UK, since 1832 & \\
\bottomrule
\end{xltabular}
\end{document}
但是，我认为脚注应该是表格的一部分，而不是表格下方。为此，您还应该使用threeparttable或longtblr包tabularray。
附录：longtblr这是表格用于包的 示例tabularray，并且脚注是表格的一部分。此外，表格设计略有变化，（对我来说）看起来不错：
\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{xcolor}
%--------------- show page layout. don't use in a real document!
\usepackage{showframe}
\renewcommand\ShowFrameLinethickness{0.15pt}
\renewcommand*\ShowFrameColor{\color{red}}
%
\usepackage{lipsum} % for dummy text
%---------------------------------------------------------------%
\usepackage{tabularray}
\UseTblrLibrary{booktabs}
\NewTableCommand\subtitle[1]{%
\SetCell[c=#1]{c, font=\bfseries\itshape, bg=gray!30,
}
}% end of newtblecommand
\begin{document}
\begin{longtblr}[
caption = {Overview of the samples in the corpus of artists' materials.},
label = {table:corpus_artists_materials},
note{a} = {Then acquired by the \textit{Vieille Montagne}.},
note{b} = {Then Union Minière, today Umicore.},
note{c} = {Today in Chartpark, Inc.},
note{d} = {Then Lefranc \& Bourgeois.},
note{e} = {In Fila group since 2014.},
note{d} = {Then \textit{Sikkens} group, then \textit{Akzo Nobel}.}
]{colspec = {*{2}{X[l, h]} @{}},
row{1} = {c, font=\bfseries},
rowhead = 1
}
% table body
\toprule
Brand & Samples \\
\midrule
\subtitle{2} Reference samples
& \\
\addlinespace
Synthesized ZnO & ZnO nanosmoke synthesized
as in Zhang et al. (2020) \cite{zhangControlled2020} \\
\addlinespace
\textit{Br\"uggemann}
& Two powders (2020, indirect and direct method) \\
\toprule
\subtitle{2} ZnO manufacturers
& \\
\addlinespace
{KF Chemicals\\
Japan, since 1951}
& One powder (historical \\
\addlinespace
{Kremer\\
Germany, since 1977}
& Two powders (2010 and 2021) \\
\addlinespace
{Maastrichtsche zinkwit Maatschappij\\ The Netherlands, 1870-1989\TblrNote{a}.}
& Five powders of different grades (1907-1989) \\
\addlinespace
{Merck \\
Germany, since 1668}
& One powder (historical) \\ \addlinespace
{Sikkens \\
The Netherlands, since 1792}
& One powder (historical) \\
\addlinespace
{Vieille Montagne\\
Belgium, 1837-1989\TblrNote{b}}
& Six powders of different grades (1847-1989) \\
\addlinespace
\subtitle{2} Colour manufacturers & \\
\addlinespace
\SetCell[r=2]{} {Blockx \\ Belgium, since 1865}
& Two paint tubes (1976 and 2021) \\
& One titan-zinc white paint tube (2021) \\
\addlinespace
\SetCell[r=2]{} {Bocour\\ US, since 1932}
& One paint tube (1933-75) \\
& One titan-zinc white paint jar (1940-75) \\
\addlinespace
{Charvin\\
France, since 1830} & One paint tube (2010) \\
\addlinespace
{Craftint Manufacturing Company\\
US, 1929-2018} & One paint tube (1950s) \\
\addlinespace
{Fezandie \& Sperrle\\
US, until 1979 } & One powder (historical) \\
\addlinespace
{Grumbacher\\
US, since 1905\TblrNote{c}}
& Three paint tubes (1950s and two tubes from1960-75) \\
\addlinespace
\SetCell[r=3]{} {Lefranc\\ France, 1720-1964\TblrNote{d}}
& One paint tube (1930s) \\
& one paint sample (1950) \\
& One powder with a binder (before 1964) \\
\addlinespace
\SetCell[r=2]{} {Lefranc \& Bourgeois\\ France, since 1964}
& Two paint tubes (after 1964, 2021) \\
& One pastel (after 1964) \\
\addlinespace
\SetCell[r=2]{} {Maimeri\\ Italy, since 1923\TblrNote{e}}
& One paint sample from a color chart (1939-46) \\
& One paint tube (1970s) \\
\addlinespace
{Michael Harding\\ US, since 1982}
& One paint tube (2021) \\
\addlinespace
{Old Holland\\ The Netherlands, since 1664}
& One paint tube (2010) \\
\addlinespace
\SetCell[r=2]{} {Permanent Pigments\\US, 1933-55}
& One powder (1933-55) \\
& One paint tube (1933-55) \\
\addlinespace
{Ripolin\\ France, since 1888}
& One paint sample from a color chart (1900) \\
\addlinespace
\SetCell[r=2]{} {Sennelier\\ France, since 1887}
& Two powders (after 1887, 2021) \\
& Two paint tubes (after the 1920s, 2021) \\
\addlinespace
{Talens\\ The Netherlands, 1889-1969\TblrNote{f}}
& Two paint tubes (1930s)\footnote{From the same box: one in good condition, the other yellowed and dried.} \\
\addlinespace
{Vilhelm Pacht\\ Denmark, since 1887}
& One paint tube (1890-1909) \\
\addlinespace
{Winsor \& Newton\\ UK, since 1832}
& One paint tube (2021) \\
\bottomrule
\end{longtblr}
\lipsum[1]
\end{document}
（红线表示页面布局）