我使用以下代码在 Beamer 幻灯片中创建了一棵 tikz 树：
\documentclass[aspectratio=54, 10pt]{beamer}
\usetheme[progressbar=frametitle]{metropolis}
\setbeamertemplate{frame numbering}[fraction]
\useoutertheme{metropolis}
\useinnertheme{metropolis}
\usefonttheme[onlymath]{serif}
\usecolortheme{spruce}
\setbeamercolor{background canvas}{bg=white}
\usepackage[french]{babel}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{ragged2e,mathtools,tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{trees}
\addtobeamertemplate{block begin}{}{\justifying}
\metroset{block=fill}
\useinnertheme{tcolorbox}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathreplacing}
\justifying
\title{Probabilité}
\subtitle{Probabilité Conditionnelle}
\date[]{}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\begin{frame}{Correction Exercice 5}
On peut représenter cette situation dans le diagramme suivant, avec les événements \alert{$S$: Le candidat tire l'épreuve de statistique} et \alert{$R$: Le candidat réussit le concours}.
% Set the overall layout of the tree
\tikzstyle{level 1}=[level distance=2.5cm, sibling distance=3cm]
\tikzstyle{level 2}=[level distance=3.5cm, sibling distance=1.7cm]
% Define styles for bags and leafs
\tikzstyle{bag} = [text width=4em, text centered]
\tikzstyle{end} = [circle, minimum width=3pt,fill, inner sep=0pt]
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}[ sloped]
\node[circle, draw] {}
child {
node[bag] {$S$}
child {
node[end, label=below:
{$P(R|S)=1/3$}] {}
edge from parent
node[above] {$R$}
node[below] {}
}
child {
node[end, label=below:
{$P(\overline{R}|S)$}] {}
edge from parent
node[above] {$\overline{R}$}
node[below] {}
}
edge from parent
node[above] {}
node[below] {}
}
child {
node[bag] {$E_2$}
child {
node[end, label=below:
{$P(R|E_2)$}] {}
edge from parent
node[above] {$R$}
node[below] {}
}
child {
node[end, label=below:
{$P(\overline{R}|E_2)$}] {}
edge from parent
node[above] {$\overline{R}$}
node[below] {}
}
edge from parent
node[above] {}
node[below] {}
}
child {
node[bag] {$E_3$}
child {
node[end, label=below:
{$P(R|E_3)$}] {}
edge from parent
node[above] {$R$}
node[below] {}
}
child {
node[end, label=below:
{$P(\overline{R}|E_3)$}] {}
edge from parent
node[above] {$\overline{R}$}
node[below] {}
}
edge from parent
node[above] {}
node[below] {}
}
child {
node[bag] {$E_4$}
child {
node[end, label=below:
{$P(R|E_4)$}] {}
edge from parent
node[above] {$R$}
node[below] {}
}
child {
node[end, label=below:
{$P(\overline{R}|E_4)$}] {}
edge from parent
node[above] {$\overline{R}$}
node[below] {}
}
edge from parent
node[above] {}
node[below] {}
}
;
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\end{document}
但是树并不完全在幻灯片内：
我如何才能让树在幻灯片内完美居中并可见？提前谢谢您。
答案1
作为暂时获得更多空间的快速方法，您可以使用 beamercolumns环境，它将有效地删除文本边距：
\documentclass[aspectratio=54, 10pt]{beamer}
\usetheme[progressbar=frametitle]{moloch}% modern fork of the metropolis theme
\setbeamertemplate{page number in head/foot}[totalframenumber]
\usefonttheme[onlymath]{serif}
\usecolortheme{spruce}
\setbeamercolor{background canvas}{bg=white}
\usepackage[french]{babel}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{ragged2e,mathtools,tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{trees}
\addtobeamertemplate{block begin}{}{\justifying}
\useinnertheme{tcolorbox}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathreplacing}
\justifying
\title{Probabilité}
\subtitle{Probabilité Conditionnelle}
\date[]{}
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Correction Exercice 5}
On peut représenter cette situation dans le diagramme suivant, avec les événements \alert{$S$: Le candidat tire l'épreuve de statistique} et \alert{$R$: Le candidat réussit le concours}.
% Set the overall layout of the tree
\tikzset{
level 1/.style={level distance=2.5cm, sibling distance=3cm},
level 2/.style={level distance=3.5cm, sibling distance=1.7cm},
bag/.style={text width=4em, text centered},
end/.style={circle, minimum width=3pt,fill, inner sep=0pt}
}
\begin{columns}
\begin{column}{\paperwidth}
\centering
\small
\begin{tikzpicture}[sloped]
\node[circle, draw] {}
child {
node[bag] {$S$}
child {
node[end, label=below:
{$P(R|S)=1/3$}] {}
edge from parent
node[above] {$R$}
node[below] {}
}
child {
node[end, label=below:
{$P(\overline{R}|S)$}] {}
edge from parent
node[above] {$\overline{R}$}
node[below] {}
}
edge from parent
node[above] {}
node[below] {}
}
child {
node[bag] {$E_2$}
child {
node[end, label=below:
{$P(R|E_2)$}] {}
edge from parent
node[above] {$R$}
node[below] {}
}
child {
node[end, label=below:
{$P(\overline{R}|E_2)$}] {}
edge from parent
node[above] {$\overline{R}$}
node[below] {}
}
edge from parent
node[above] {}
node[below] {}
}
child {
node[bag] {$E_3$}
child {
node[end, label=below:
{$P(R|E_3)$}] {}
edge from parent
node[above] {$R$}
node[below] {}
}
child {
node[end, label=below:
{$P(\overline{R}|E_3)$}] {}
edge from parent
node[above] {$\overline{R}$}
node[below] {}
}
edge from parent
node[above] {}
node[below] {}
}
child {
node[bag] {$E_4$}
child {
node[end, label=below:
{$P(R|E_4)$}] {}
edge from parent
node[above] {$R$}
node[below] {}
}
child {
node[end, label=below:
{$P(\overline{R}|E_4)$}] {}
edge from parent
node[above] {$\overline{R}$}
node[below] {}
}
edge from parent
node[above] {}
node[below] {}
}
;
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{column}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
\end{document}
答案2
我会按如下方式重绘您的图像：
\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage[french]{babel}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{trees}
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}{Correction Exercice 5}
On peut représenter cette situation dans le diagramme suivant, avec les événements \alert{$S$: Le candidat tire l'épreuve de statistique} et \alert{$R$: Le candidat réussit le concours}.
% Set the overall layout of the tree
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}[sloped,
every label/.append style = {font=\scriptsize, text width=3em, align=center},
%
level distance = 22mm,
level 1/.style = {sibling distance=24mm},
level 2/.style = {sibling distance=12mm},
bag/.style = {text width=4em, text centered},
end/.style = {circle, minimum width=3pt, fill, inner sep=0pt}
]
\node[circle, draw] {}
child { node[bag] {$S$}
child { node[end,label=below: {$P(R|S)$ $=1/3$}] {}
edge from parent node[above] {$R$}}
child { node[end,label=below: {$P(\bar{R}|S)$}] {}
edge from parent node[above] {$\bar{R}$}
}
}
child { node[bag] {$E_2$}
child { node[end,label=below: {$P(R|E_2)$}] {}
edge from parent node[above] {$R$}}
child { node[end,label=below: {$P(\bar{R}|E_2)$}] {}
edge from parent node[above] {$\bar{R}$}
}
}
child { node[bag] {$E_3$}
child { node[end,label=below: {$P(R|E_3)$}] {}
edge from parent node[above] {$R$}}
child { node[end,label=below: {$P(\bar{R}|E_3)$}] {}
edge from parent node[above] {$\bar{R}$}
}
}
child { node[bag] {$E_4$}
child { node[end,label=below: {$P(R|E_4)$}] {}
edge from parent node[above] {$R$}}
child { node[end,label=below: {$P(\bar{R}|E_4)$}] {}
edge from parent node[above] {$\bar{R}$}
}
}
%
;
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\end{document}
