我需要帮助来完成树形图

Question

问题：我一直在尝试完成我开始的树形图（见图）。

请帮忙。

这就是我所拥有的

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{trees}

\begin{document}
    
    \begin{center}
        \begin{tikzpicture}[level 1/.style={sibling distance=5cm},level 2/.style={sibling distance=4.0cm}]
        \node {1}[edge from parent fork down]
        child { node {2}}
        child { node {3}
            child {node{4} }
            child {node{5}}
        }               
        ;
    \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{center}
    
\end{document}

Answer 1

为了进行比较，你可以使用以下方法执行此操作forest：

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage[edges]{forest}

\begin{document}

\begin{forest}
for tree={forked edge, edge=->, draw, circle, minimum size=8mm, l sep=5mm}
[1, s sep=5cm
    [2]
    [3, s sep=4cm
        [4, s sep=3cm
            [6, s sep=1cm
                [9][10][11]
            ]
            [7]
            [8, s sep=2cm
                [12][13]
            ]
        ]
        [5]
    ]
]
\end{forest}

\end{document}

Answer 2

你只需要嵌套你的child：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{trees}

\begin{document}
  
  \begin{center}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[level 1/.style={sibling distance=5cm},
      level 2/.style={sibling distance=4.0cm},
      level 3/.style={sibling distance=2.0cm},
      level 4/.style={sibling distance=1.0cm}]
      \node {1}[edge from parent fork down]
      child { node {2}}
      child { node {3}
        child {node{4}
          child {node{6}
            child {node{9}}
            child {node{10}}
            child {node{11}}}
          child {node{7}}
          child {node{8}
            child {node{12}}
            child {node{13}}}}
        child {node{5}}
      }               
      ;
    \end{tikzpicture}
  \end{center}
  
\end{document}

如果你确实想要带圆圈的数字，请在tikzpicture的选项中添加

every node/.style={draw, circle},

Answer 3

这是基于 Sandy G 的回答。我不知道您使用的是 A4 还是 US letter。可能是后者，但我认为前者更窄。

如果您使用forest，那么类似于您的树的东西就很合适。它不完全是您的树，因为当单词变得不熟悉时，我失去了耐心输入内容，而是开始编造东西。

请注意，切换到有帮助的原因forest是该包默认生成更紧凑的树（fit=tight）。

\begin{forest}
  % ateb: https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/707154/ addaswyd o ateb Sandy G: https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/706800/
  forked edges,
  for tree={
    edge+=->,
    draw,
    font=\sffamily,
  },
  where={>Ow+P{n children}{isodd(#1)}}{%
    delay={for n=2{calign with current edge}}
  }{},
  [Fluids
    [Ideal Fluids]
    [Real Fluids
      [Non-Newtonian Fluids
        [Time-Independant Fluids
          [Vouch-saving Vanilla][Soliciting Sourdough][Advocating Avocado]
        ]
        [Timeless Thyme]
        [Time-Dependant Fluids
          [Peppermint][Spearmint]
        ]
      ]
      [Newtonian Fluids]
    ]
  ]
\end{forest}

完整代码：

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[showframe]{geometry}
% ateb: https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/707154/ addaswyd o ateb Sandy G: https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/706800/
\usepackage[edges]{forest}

\begin{document}

\noindent
\begin{forest}
  % ateb: https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/707154/ addaswyd o ateb Sandy G: https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/706800/
  forked edges,
  for tree={
    edge+=->,
    draw,
    font=\sffamily,
  },
  where={>Ow+P{n children}{isodd(#1)}}{%
    delay={for n=2{calign with current edge}}
  }{},
  [Fluids
    [Ideal Fluids]
    [Real Fluids
      [Non-Newtonian Fluids
        [Time-Independant Fluids
          [Vouch-saving Vanilla][Soliciting Sourdough][Advocating Avocado]
        ]
        [Timeless Thyme]
        [Time-Dependant Fluids
          [Peppermint][Spearmint]
        ]
      ]
      [Newtonian Fluids]
    ]
  ]
\end{forest}

\end{document}

如果这还不够，我建议sidewaysfigure从rotating包中使用或在节点中允许换行。

\begin{forest}
  % ateb: https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/707154/ addaswyd o ateb Sandy G: https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/706800/
  forked edges,
  for tree={
    edge+=->,
    draw,
    font=\sffamily,
    align=center,
  },
  where={>Ow+P{n children}{isodd(#1)}}{%
    delay={for n=2{calign with current edge}}
  }{},
  [Fluids
    [Ideal Fluids]
    [Real Fluids
      [Non-Newtonian Fluids
        [Time-Independant\\Fluids
          [Vouch-saving\\Vanilla][Soliciting\\Sourdough][Advocating\\Avocado]
        ]
        [Timeless\\Thyme]
        [Time-Dependant\\Fluids
          [Peppermint][Spearmint]
        ]
      ]
      [Newtonian Fluids]
    ]
  ]
\end{forest}

更好的做法是避免重复信息。树的顶部表示这些都是流体，所以为什么要重复自己？删除多余的部分Fluids可能会让你的图表更清晰，即使它不会减少太多的宽度。

或者，如果你想要更具冒险精神，你甚至可以转变顽固节点，尽管我只建议在适当的情况下使用此方法（我怀疑这不属于其中之一）。

\begin{forest}
  % ateb: https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/707154/ addaswyd o ateb Sandy G: https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/706800/
  forked edges,
  for tree={
    edge+=->,
    draw,
    font=\sffamily,
  },
  where={>Ow+P{n children}{isodd(#1)}}{%
    delay={for n=2{calign with current edge}}
  }{},
  before typesetting nodes={%
    tempcounta/.max={>O{level}}{tree},
    where={> OR= {level}{tempcounta}}{rotate=-90,anchor=parent}{},
  },
  [Fluids
    [Ideal]
    [Real
      [Non-Newtonian
        [Time-Independent
          [Vouch-saving Vanilla][Soliciting Sourdough][Advocating Avocado]
        ]
        [Timeless Thyme]
        [Time-Dependant
          [Peppermint][Spearmint]
        ]
      ]
      [Newtonian]
    ]
  ]
\end{forest}