将内联 tikz 与文本对齐

Question

我正在尝试使用 tikz 在一些文本中绘制一组彩色球，但我很难将节点与文本对齐。这是一个最小的工作示例：

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz,xifthen}

\begin{document}

This is a set of colored balls:
\{
    \tikz[baseline]{%
    \foreach \x/\color in {1/red,2/white,3/blue} {
      \node[circle,draw,fill=\color,line width=1pt,minimum size=0.25em,anchor=base] at (\x,0) {};
      \ifthenelse{\NOT 1 = \x}{\node at ({\x-0.5},0) {,};}{}
    }
  }
\}.

\end{document}

这将产生以下输出：

我想让圆圈垂直居中，包含文本/数学。我尝试了各种锚点选项，但也许我忽略了一些非常简单的东西。任何指点都将不胜感激。

Answer 1

\documentclass[border=1cm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz, xifthen}
\begin{document}
This is a set of colored balls:
\{, %, inserted to show baseline
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline]
\foreach \x/\color in {1/red,2/white,3/blue} {
\node[circle, draw, fill=\color, line width=1pt, minimum size=0.25em, anchor=south] at (\x,0) {};
\ifthenelse{\NOT 1 = \x}{\node[anchor=base] at ({\x-0.5},0) {,};}{}
}
\end{tikzpicture}
,\}. %, inserted to show baseline
\end{document}

Answer 2

在评论的帮助下，我通过计算正确的坐标找到了解决方案：使用 0.1em 的边框和 0.25em 的半径，中心位于 (0.25 + 0.1 + 0.1)/2 = 0.225，因此我可以将圆圈定位在特定的 y 坐标处并锚定到基座。

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz,xifthen}

\begin{document}

This is a set of colored balls:
\{
    \tikz[baseline]{%
    \foreach \x/\color in {1/red,2/white,3/blue} {
      \node[circle,draw,fill=\color,line width=0.1em,minimum size=0.25em,anchor=base] at (\x,0.225em) {};
      \ifthenelse{\NOT 1 = \x}{\node at ({\x-0.5},0) {,};}{}
    }
  }
\}.

\end{document}

Answer 3

通过这篇文章如何使 TikZ 节点在文本行内垂直居中？和Àpprendre à programmer en texctan p. 259

\begingroup
        \setbox0\hbox{$\vcenter{}$}%
        \xdef\htmath{\the\ht0}%
\endgroup

给出数学轴的垂直偏移。

使用 expl3，我们准备一个序列来放置命令tikz，然后使用“，”分隔该序列。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\tikzset{%
  ball/.style args={#1}{%
    circle, 
    draw, 
    fill=#1, 
    line width=1pt, 
    minimum size=0.25em,
    node contents={},
  }
}
\ExplSyntaxOn
\clist_new:N \l_modulename_color_clist
\seq_new:N \l_modulename_balls_seq

\NewDocumentCommand{\myballs}{ O{red,white,blue} }
  {
  % in the doc Apprendre à programmer en tex p.259
    \begingroup
    \setbox0\hbox{$\vcenter{}$}%
    \xdef\htmath{\the\ht0}%
    \endgroup
  %The~mathematical~axis:~\htmath\par
  %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    \clist_set:Nn \l_modulename_color_clist {#1}
    \seq_clear:N \l_modulename_balls_seq
    \clist_map_inline:Nn \l_modulename_color_clist 
      {
        \seq_put_right:Nn \l_modulename_balls_seq {\tikz[baseline=-\htmath]\node [ball=##1];}
      }
    \seq_use:Nn \l_modulename_balls_seq {,~}
  }
\ExplSyntaxOff
\begin{document}
This is a set of colored balls: \myballs

\Huge
and in with \verb|\Huge|: \myballs[yellow,green,black,purple]
\end{document}