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以空框作为工作表的 ER 图

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以空框作为工作表的 ER 图

我正在为我的学生创建一份工作表。它是关于 ER 图的。用 Word 做起来相对容易，但看起来不太好看 ;)

我已经知道如何创建 ER 图。我希望​​学生能够填写字段。这是我的代码：

\documentclass[10pt,letterpaper]{article}
\usepackage[lmargin=1in,rmargin=1in,tmargin=1in,bmargin=1in]{geometry}
\usepackage{tikz-er2}
\usepackage{adjustbox}
\usetikzlibrary{shadows,positioning}


\begin{document}


\tikzset{every entity/.style={top color=white,bottom color=blue!30,draw=blue!50!black!100,drop shadow},
        every attribute/.style = {top color=white, bottom color=yellow!20,
                                  draw=yellow, drop shadow},
        every relationship/.style ={top color=white, bottom color=red!20,
                                  draw=red!50!black!100, drop shadow},
        every edge/.style = {link},
        every isa/.style = {top color=white, bottom color=green!20,
                                  draw=green!50!black!100, drop shadow},
        }
\begin{adjustbox}{width=\columnwidth,center}
\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=8em]
    \node[entity] (student) {Kunde};
    \node[attribute] (stud-id) [left = of student] {\key{KNR}} edge (student);
    \node[attribute] (name) [above  = of student] {Name} edge (student);
    \node[relationship] (joins) [right = of student] {kauft} edge (student);
    \node[entity] (pgroup) [right = of joins] {Artikel} edge  (joins);
    \node[attribute] (group-id) [above = of pgroup] {Bezeichnung} edge (pgroup);
    \node[attribute] (group-id) [right = of pgroup] {\key{ANR}} edge (pgroup);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{adjustbox}
\end{document}

结果如下：

在此处输入图片描述

在 Word 中它看起来是这样的：

在此处输入图片描述

那么如何在 ER 图中添加空框和空气泡？非常感谢您的帮助！

答案1

这是第二个版本，使用\TextField[options}{}来自包的hyperref。

更多配置请参见手册第 9 章例如更改边框颜色。（您可能还想设置inner sep=0pt这些标注节点。）

现在您的学生可以输入答案，保存 PDF 并将其发送给您。您可以阅读它，或者以某种方式提取他们的答案。

变化：

  • \usepackage{hyperref}
  • 在这两个节点中添加了单行和多行 TextField：
...
    % ~~~ callouts ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    \node[ca,callout absolute pointer={(stud-id.330)}] 
                        at ([shift=(-50:15mm)]stud-id) {\TextField[name=q1]{}};
                        
    \node[ca,callout absolute pointer={(name.west)},anchor=east,fill=teal!20]
                        at ([shift=(180:15mm)]name) {\TextField[name=q2, width=22mm, height=10mm, multiline=true]{}};
...

在查看器（此处为 FireFox）中输入或查看答案：

结果

%\documentclass[10pt,letterpaper]{article}
\documentclass[10pt,border=3mm,tikz]{standalone}
\usepackage[lmargin=1in,rmargin=1in,tmargin=1in,bmargin=1in]{geometry}
\usepackage{tikz-er2}   % https://github.com/harrisony/tikz-er2/blob/usyd/tikz-er2.sty
%\usepackage{adjustbox}
\usetikzlibrary{shadows,positioning}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.callouts}
\usepackage{hyperref}

% ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
\begin{document}

\tikzset{
    every entity/.style         = { top color=white,bottom color=blue!30,
                                    draw=blue!50!black!100,drop shadow},
    every attribute/.style      = { top color=white, bottom color=yellow!20,
                                    draw=yellow, drop shadow},
    every relationship/.style   = { top color=white, bottom color=red!20,
                                    draw=red!50!black!100, drop shadow},
    every edge/.style = {link},
    every isa/.style            = { top color=white, bottom color=green!20,
                                    draw=green!50!black!100, drop shadow},
}

%\begin{adjustbox}{width=\columnwidth,center}
  \begin{tikzpicture}[
    node distance=8em,
    ca/.style={draw,rectangle callout,minimum width=3cm,minimum height=10mm},
  ]
    % ~~~ ER-diagram ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    \node[entity]       (student)                       {Kunde};
    \node[attribute]    (stud-id)   [left  = of student]{\key{KNR}}     edge (student);
    \node[attribute]    (name)      [above = of student]{Name}      edge (student);
    \node[relationship] (joins)     [right = of student]{kauft}         edge (student);
    \node[entity]       (pgroup)    [right = of joins]  {Artikel}       edge  (joins);
    \node[attribute]    (group-id)  [above = of pgroup] {Bezeichnung}   edge (pgroup);
    \node[attribute]    (group-id)  [right = of pgroup] {\key{ANR}}     edge (pgroup);
       
    % ~~~ callouts ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    \node[ca,callout absolute pointer={(stud-id.330)}] 
                        at ([shift=(-50:15mm)]stud-id) {\TextField[name=q1]{}};
                        
    \node[ca,callout absolute pointer={(name.west)},anchor=east,fill=teal!20]
                        at ([shift=(180:15mm)]name) {\TextField[name=q2, width=22mm, height=10mm, multiline=true]{}};
                        
    \node[ca,callout absolute pointer={(joins.south)},anchor=north,dashed,draw=purple]
                        at ([yshift=-20mm, xshift=5mm)]joins) {};
  \end{tikzpicture}
%\end{adjustbox}
\end{document}

答案2

这里有一种方法可以做到这一点，一旦tikz-er2.sty下载到文档目录中，从github。

一些评论：

  • 我事先减少了代码噪音；-)
  • 使用该shapes.callouts库（并在 pgfmanual 中查找）
  • {}使用与标注相关的样式来定位具有空文本的节点
  • 我使用了绝对指针，重复使用你的节点名称（我找到的那些）并以某种方式移动标注
  • 节点样式的重构可以而且应该继续，例如用一些替换\newcommand
  • 这里我只是限制自己写一些可读性强的代码，重复类似的风格模式
  • 与往常一样Tikz，样式可以在本地覆盖，请参阅teal和dashed
  • 对于开发图纸，我更喜欢类standalone；根据需要（取消）注释，或者按照包的路径进行操作graphicx，通过此查询查找示例

结果

%\documentclass[10pt,letterpaper]{article}
\documentclass[10pt,border=3mm,tikz]{standalone}
\usepackage[lmargin=1in,rmargin=1in,tmargin=1in,bmargin=1in]{geometry}
\usepackage{tikz-er2}   % https://github.com/harrisony/tikz-er2/blob/usyd/tikz-er2.sty
%\usepackage{adjustbox}
\usetikzlibrary{shadows,positioning}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.callouts}

% ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
\begin{document}

\tikzset{
    every entity/.style         = { top color=white,bottom color=blue!30,
                                    draw=blue!50!black!100,drop shadow},
    every attribute/.style      = { top color=white, bottom color=yellow!20,
                                    draw=yellow, drop shadow},
    every relationship/.style   = { top color=white, bottom color=red!20,
                                    draw=red!50!black!100, drop shadow},
    every edge/.style = {link},
    every isa/.style            = { top color=white, bottom color=green!20,
                                    draw=green!50!black!100, drop shadow},
}

%\begin{adjustbox}{width=\columnwidth,center}
  \begin{tikzpicture}[
    node distance=8em,
    ca/.style={draw,rectangle callout,minimum width=3cm,minimum height=10mm},
  ]
    % ~~~ ER-diagram ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    \node[entity]       (student)                       {Kunde};
    \node[attribute]    (stud-id)   [left  = of student]{\key{KNR}}     edge (student);
    \node[attribute]    (name)      [above = of student]{Name}      edge (student);
    \node[relationship] (joins)     [right = of student]{kauft}         edge (student);
    \node[entity]       (pgroup)    [right = of joins]  {Artikel}       edge  (joins);
    \node[attribute]    (group-id)  [above = of pgroup] {Bezeichnung}   edge (pgroup);
    \node[attribute]    (group-id)  [right = of pgroup] {\key{ANR}}     edge (pgroup);
       
    % ~~~ callouts ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    \node[ca,callout absolute pointer={(stud-id.330)}] 
                        at ([shift=(-50:15mm)]stud-id) {};
                        
    \node[ca,callout absolute pointer={(name.west)},anchor=east,fill=teal!20]
                        at ([shift=(180:15mm)]name) {};
                        
    \node[ca,callout absolute pointer={(joins.south)},anchor=north,dashed,draw=purple]
                        at ([yshift=-20mm, xshift=5mm)]joins) {};
  \end{tikzpicture}
%\end{adjustbox}
\end{document}

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