我是 LaTeX 和 TikZ 的新手。
我需要绘制一条时间线,其中用不同颜色书写的文字代表我的项目的不同并行步骤。
这是我的代码:
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[%
every node/.style={
font=\scriptsize,
% Better alignment, see https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/315075
text height=1ex,
text depth=.25ex,
},
]
% draw horizontal line
\draw[-] (0,0) -- (15,0);
% draw vertical lines
\foreach \x in {0,1.25,...,15}{
\draw (\x cm,3pt) -- (\x cm,0pt);
}
\foreach \x in {0,5,...,15}{
\draw (\x cm,3pt) -- (\x cm,8pt);
}
% place axis labels
\node[anchor=north] at (0,0) {Sep. 2024};
\node[anchor=north] at (2.5,0) {T3};
\node[anchor=north] at (5,0) {Sep. 2025};
\node[anchor=north] at (7.5,0) {T7};
\node[anchor=north] at (10,0) {Sep. 2026};
\node[anchor=north] at (12.5,0) {T11};
\node[anchor=north] at (15,0) {Sep. 2027};
% Text markers
\draw[color=black, thick] (0,0.4) -- (0,0.7) node[above, text=blue] {Step 1};
\draw[color=black, thick] (7.5,0.2) -- (7.5,0.5) node[above, text=orange] {Example};
\draw[color=black, thick] (12.5,0.2) -- (12.5,0.5) node[above, text=ForestGreen] {Enseignement};
\draw[color=black, thick] (1.25, -0.2) -- (1.25, -0.5) node[below, text=blue] {I would like a list here With different colors};
% Legend
\node[draw, circle, fill=blue, inner sep=1pt, label={right:Valorisation}] at (4,-2) {};
\node[draw, circle, fill=orange, inner sep=1pt, label={right:Recherche}] at (6.5,-2) {};
\node[draw, circle, fill=ForestGreen, inner sep=1pt, label={right:Enseignement}] at (9,-2) {};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
我有两个问题。
首先,对于每个刻度,我能够编写几个以列表形式呈现的条目,但我不知道如何换行。例如,在第二个刻度中,我希望有
"I would like a list here
With different colors"
我尝试在括号内使用“ \\
”,但 TeX 无法识别它。
另外,我希望能够为列表的不同条目使用不同的颜色,但我觉得我只能输入一种颜色。例如,我希望表达式“我想要一个列表”为蓝色,而“使用不同的颜色”为橙色。
可以这样做吗?
答案1
如果您使用,您可以在节点文本中align=center
使用。\\
为了区分颜色,请使用\textcolor{<color>}{<text>}
节点内部的选项text
。
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[%
every node/.style={
font=\scriptsize,
% Better alignment, see https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/315075
text height=1ex,
text depth=.25ex,
},
]
% draw horizontal line
\draw[-] (0,0) -- (15,0);
% draw vertical lines
\foreach \x in {0,1.25,...,15}{
\draw (\x cm,3pt) -- (\x cm,0pt);
}
\foreach \x in {0,5,...,15}{
\draw (\x cm,3pt) -- (\x cm,8pt);
}
% place axis labels
\node[anchor=north] at (0,0) {Sep. 2024};
\node[anchor=north] at (2.5,0) {T3};
\node[anchor=north] at (5,0) {Sep. 2025};
\node[anchor=north] at (7.5,0) {T7};
\node[anchor=north] at (10,0) {Sep. 2026};
\node[anchor=north] at (12.5,0) {T11};
\node[anchor=north] at (15,0) {Sep. 2027};
% Text markers
\draw[color=black, thick] (0,0.4) -- (0,0.7) node[above, text=blue] {Step 1};
\draw[color=black, thick] (7.5,0.2) -- (7.5,0.5) node[above, text=orange] {Example};
\draw[color=black, thick] (12.5,0.2) -- (12.5,0.5) node[above, text=ForestGreen] {Enseignement};
\draw[color=black, thick] (1.25, -0.2) -- (1.25, -0.5) node[below=3.5mm, align=center] {\textcolor{blue}{I would like a list here}\\ \textcolor{orange}{With different colors}};
% Legend
\node[draw, circle, fill=blue, inner sep=1pt, label={right:Valorisation}] at (4,-2) {};
\node[draw, circle, fill=orange, inner sep=1pt, label={right:Recherche}] at (6.5,-2) {};
\node[draw, circle, fill=ForestGreen, inner sep=1pt, label={right:Enseignement}] at (9,-2) {};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案2
解决方案
以下是您可以做的一些事情,也许还有更多。几点说明:
- 添加了一些缺失的部分
- 减少了我眼中的代码噪音 ;-)
- 由于某种原因,该
every node
声明引起了麻烦,所以我暂时将其删除 - 有几种方法可以使节点文本中断;限制是
text width
其中之一,请参阅节点文本上的 pgfmanual - 我将其作为单独的样式引入
runtxt
- 如果你命名你感兴趣的节点,
(A)
事情就会变得更容易 - 仅锚定伪鳕鱼(A.南在B.北上方)
- 将常规 LaTeX 文本放入其中,就像列表一样
- 将它们堆叠起来,这里使用默认设置,即不间断且居中
做出选择。不过,还有一些事情要做:
- 你的图例的定位(也许你把它当作
\pic
?) - 你的
every node
风格至少需要评论才能使用
一般建议
作为一般性评论,我不会过度使用这样的图表。您是否知道甘特图,基于 Tikz 构建?
如果你真的有很多事情要处理,也许,对于显示部分,你可能想看看项目管理软件。如果你在 MS-Office 世界中没有它,那么开放式工作台也许值得一瞧 (https://sourceforge.net/projects/openworkbench/)//请参见下面的 Open Workbench 图像搜索的屏幕截图。
\documentclass[border=3mm]{standalone}
\usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor} % <<<
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[%
% every node/.style={
% font=\scriptsize,
% % Better alignment, see https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/315075
% text height=1ex,
% text depth=.25ex,
% },
runtxt/.style={text width=25mm}, % <<<
]
% draw horizontal line
\draw[-] (0,0) -- (15,0);
% draw vertical lines
\foreach \x in {0,1.25,...,15}{
\draw (\x cm,3pt) -- (\x cm,0pt);
}
\foreach \x in {0,5,...,15}{
\draw (\x cm,3pt) -- (\x cm,8pt);
}
% place axis labels
\node[anchor=north] at (0,0) {Sep. 2024};
\node[anchor=north] at (2.5,0) {T3};
\node[anchor=north] at (5,0) {Sep. 2025};
\node[anchor=north] at (7.5,0) {T7};
\node[anchor=north] at (10,0) {Sep. 2026};
\node[anchor=north] at (12.5,0) {T11};
\node[anchor=north] at (15,0) {Sep. 2027};
% Text markers
\draw[color=black, thick]
(0,0.4) -- (0,0.7)
node[above, text=blue] {Step 1};
\draw[color=black, thick]
(7.5,0.2) -- (7.5,0.5)
node[above, text=orange] {Example};
\draw[color=black, thick]
(12.5,0.2) -- (12.5,0.5)
node[above, text=ForestGreen] {Enseignement};
\draw[color=black, thick,runtxt] % <<<
(1.25, -0.2) -- (1.25, -0.5)
node[below, text=blue] (A)
{I would like a
list here With different colors};
% ~~~ demonstrating some options ~~~~~~~
\node[anchor=north,runtxt,teal] (B) at (A.south){
\begin{itemize} % use regular LaTeX, BUT NO \tikz
\item if you like it
\item and you want it
\item put a list on it
\end{itemize}
};
\node[anchor=north,red] (C1) at (B.south) {
This could be the first row
};
\node[anchor=north,red!100!orange!50,fill=yellow!20] (C2) at (C1.south) {
of your list
};
% Legend
\node[draw, circle, fill=blue, inner sep=1pt, label={right:Valorisation}] at (4,-2) {};
\node[draw, circle, fill=orange, inner sep=1pt, label={right:Recherche}] at (6.5,-2) {};
\node[draw, circle, fill=ForestGreen, inner sep=1pt, label={right:Enseignement}] at (9,-2) {};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
关于 Open Workbench 的印象: