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从简化的 CSV 中删除某些列与特定模式匹配的行

tag-icon • tag-icon text-processing awk csv-simple
从简化的 CSV 中删除某些列与特定模式匹配的行

我有以下简化的 CSV 文件（字段中没有嵌入分隔符或换行符）：

ID,PDBID,FirstResidue,FirstChain,SecondResidue,SecondChain,ThirdResidue,ThirdChain,FourthResidue,FourthChain,Pattern
RZ_AUTO_505,1hmh,A22L,C,A22L,A,G21L,A,A23L,A,AA/GA Naked ribose
RZ_AUTO_506,1hmh,A22L,C,A22L,A,G114,A,A23L,A,AA/GA Naked ribose
RZ_AUTO_507,1hmh,A130,E,A90,A,G80,A,A130,A,AA/GA Naked ribose
RZ_AUTO_508,1hmh,A140,E,A90,E,G120,A,A90,A,AA/GA Naked ribose
RZ_AUTO_509,1hmh,G102,A,C103,A,G102,E,A90,E,GC/GA Single ribose
RZ_AUTO_510,1hmh,G102,A,C103,A,G120,E,A90,E,GC/GA Single ribose
RZ_AUTO_511,1hmh,G113,C,C112,C,G21L,A,A23L,A,GC/GA Single ribose
RZ_AUTO_512,1hmh,G113,C,C112,C,G114,A,A23L,A,GC/GA Single ribose
RZ_AUTO_513,1hnw,C1496,A,G1497,A,A1518,A,A1519,A,CG/AA Canonical ribose
RZ_AUTO_514,1hnw,C1496,A,G1497,A,A1519,A,A1518,A,CG/AA Canonical ribose
RZ_AUTO_515,1hnw,C221,A,U222,A,A195,A,A196,A,CU/AA Canonical ribose
RZ_AUTO_516,1hnw,C221,A,U222,A,A196,A,A195,A,CU/AA Canonical ribose

如果 FirstResidue 或 SecondResidue 或 ThirdResidue 或 FourthResidue 的值不以整数结尾，我需要删除 CSV 行。输出应如下所示。

RZ_AUTO_507,1hmh,A130,E,A90,A,G80,A,A130,A,AA/GA Naked ribose
RZ_AUTO_508,1hmh,A140,E,A90,E,G120,A,A90,A,AA/GA Naked ribose
RZ_AUTO_509,1hmh,G102,A,C103,A,G102,E,A90,E,GC/GA Single ribose
RZ_AUTO_510,1hmh,G102,A,C103,A,G120,E,A90,E,GC/GA Single ribose
RZ_AUTO_513,1hnw,C1496,A,G1497,A,A1518,A,A1519,A,CG/AA Canonical ribose
RZ_AUTO_514,1hnw,C1496,A,G1497,A,A1519,A,A1518,A,CG/AA Canonical ribose
RZ_AUTO_515,1hnw,C221,A,U222,A,A195,A,A196,A,CU/AA Canonical ribose
RZ_AUTO_516,1hnw,C221,A,U222,A,A196,A,A195,A,CU/AA Canonical ribose

所以我只是想知道如何使用awk.我使用的是 Mac OSX。

答案1

您希望仅打印第三、第五、第七和第九个字段以数字结尾的行。在这种情况下：

$ awk -F, '$3 ~/[[:digit:]]$/ && $5 ~/[[:digit:]]$/ && $7 ~/[[:digit:]]$/ && $9 ~ /[[:digit:]]$/' file
RZ_AUTO_507,1hmh,A130,E,A90,A,G80,A,A130,A,AA/GA Naked ribose
RZ_AUTO_508,1hmh,A140,E,A90,E,G120,A,A90,A,AA/GA Naked ribose
RZ_AUTO_509,1hmh,G102,A,C103,A,G102,E,A90,E,GC/GA Single ribose
RZ_AUTO_510,1hmh,G102,A,C103,A,G120,E,A90,E,GC/GA Single ribose
RZ_AUTO_513,1hnw,C1496,A,G1497,A,A1518,A,A1519,A,CG/AA Canonical ribose
RZ_AUTO_514,1hnw,C1496,A,G1497,A,A1519,A,A1518,A,CG/AA Canonical ribose
RZ_AUTO_515,1hnw,C221,A,U222,A,A195,A,A196,A,CU/AA Canonical ribose
RZ_AUTO_516,1hnw,C221,A,U222,A,A196,A,A195,A,CU/AA Canonical ribose

怎么运行的

典型的awk命令由一个条件和一个动作组成。这里我们有一个由四个部分组成的条件。因为我们想要的动作是默认动作（打印行），所以我们实际上不需要指定它。条件的每个部分如下所示：

$3 ~/[[:digit:]]$/

如果字段 3 以数字结尾，则情况如此。这是与其他三个字段的“与”运算，字段 5、7 和 9 各一个。如果全部为 true，则打印该行。

答案2

您还可以尝试以下Python2解决方案：

#!/usr/bin/env python2
import csv, re
with open('file.txt', 'rb') as f:
    for line in csv.reader(f):
        if re.search(r'[0-9]$', line[2]) and re.search(r'[0-9]$', line[4]) and re.search(r'[0-9]$', line[6]) and re.search(r'[0-9]$', line[8]):
            print ' '.join(line)

答案3

使用 Miller ( mlr) 并使用正则表达式测试四个命名字段：

$ mlr --csvlite filter '$FirstResidue =~ "[0-9]$" && $SecondResidue =~ "[0-9]$" && $ThirdResidue =~ "[0-9]$" && $FourthResidue =~ "[0-9]$"' file
ID,PDBID,FirstResidue,FirstChain,SecondResidue,SecondChain,ThirdResidue,ThirdChain,FourthResidue,FourthChain,Pattern
RZ_AUTO_507,1hmh,A130,E,A90,A,G80,A,A130,A,AA/GA Naked ribose
RZ_AUTO_508,1hmh,A140,E,A90,E,G120,A,A90,A,AA/GA Naked ribose
RZ_AUTO_509,1hmh,G102,A,C103,A,G102,E,A90,E,GC/GA Single ribose
RZ_AUTO_510,1hmh,G102,A,C103,A,G120,E,A90,E,GC/GA Single ribose
RZ_AUTO_513,1hnw,C1496,A,G1497,A,A1518,A,A1519,A,CG/AA Canonical ribose
RZ_AUTO_514,1hnw,C1496,A,G1497,A,A1519,A,A1518,A,CG/AA Canonical ribose
RZ_AUTO_515,1hnw,C221,A,U222,A,A195,A,A196,A,CU/AA Canonical ribose
RZ_AUTO_516,1hnw,C221,A,U222,A,A196,A,A195,A,CU/AA Canonical ribose

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