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相对于一组节点定位节点

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相对于一组节点定位节点

我有一组由宏生成的节点，我想将节点定位在这组节点的北、西、南方向。在我的示例中，例如，我想将标记为 的节点定位在由(A)宏生成的节点组的西边\graphcircuit，问题是我既不知道生成的图形的大小（即，它取决于传递给宏的列表），也没有某种可以引用的全局节点。

\documentclass[varwidth,border=50]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{math}

\newcommand{\graphcircuit}[1]{
\foreach[count=\n] \v in {#1}; % count the number of elements
\pgfmathsetmacro{\r}{\n*0.2} % set the node distance from (0,0)
\pgfmathsetmacro{\b}{90/\n} % evaluate the bend angle
\foreach[count=\i, evaluate=\i as \a using (\i-1)*360/\n] \v in {#1}
  \node [circle, draw, font=\scriptsize] (n-\i) at (\a:\r) {$\v$};
\foreach \i [remember=\i as \j (initially \n)] in {1,...,\n}
  \draw[semithick,-stealth] (n-\j) to[bend right=\b] (n-\i);
}

\begin{document}
  \begin{tikzpicture}
    \graphcircuit{1:5,7:2,3:0,4:0,9:1}
    \node[font=\normalsize] (A) at (0,0) {(A)}; 
  \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

答案1

您可以将整个图形放入一个节点并引用它。而且您不需要库来math实现这一点。

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{fit}

\newcommand{\graphcircuit}[1]{
\begin{scope}
\def\myfitarray{}
\foreach[count=\n] \v in {#1}; % count the number of elements
\pgfmathsetmacro{\r}{\n*0.2} % set the node distance from (0,0)
\pgfmathsetmacro{\b}{90/\n} % evaluate the bend angle
\foreach[count=\i, evaluate=\i as \a using (\i-1)*360/\n] \v in {#1}
  \node [circle, draw, font=\scriptsize] (n-\i) at (\a:\r) {$\v$};
\foreach \i [remember=\i as \j (initially \n)] in {1,...,\n}{
  \draw[semithick,-stealth] (n-\j) to[bend right=\b] (n-\i);}
\foreach \x in {1,...,\n}{%
\expandafter\xdef\expandafter\myfitarray\expandafter{\myfitarray (n-\x)}}
\node[inner sep=2pt,fit=\myfitarray] (groupnode) {};
\end{scope}
}

\begin{document}
  \begin{tikzpicture}
    \graphcircuit{1:5,7:2,3:0,4:0,9:1}
    \node[font=\normalsize,anchor=south] (A) at (groupnode.north) {(A)}; 
    \node[font=\normalsize,anchor=east] (B) at (groupnode.west) {(B)}; 
    \begin{scope}[shift={(4,5)}]% Another one
        \graphcircuit{1:5,7:2,3:0,4:0,9:1}
    \node[anchor=north] (C) at (groupnode.south) {(C)}; 
    \node[anchor=north west] (D) at (groupnode.south east) {(D)}; 
    \end{scope}

  \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

根据 OP 的代码，第一个节点可以用作全局参考点。这里，位于\s第一个节点右侧 1 厘米（由宏定义）的标签 (A) 用于节点组的全局参考。设置后，可以使用above, below, right, left= xx cm of A及其变体来定位其余节点。但是，north, west, south在本例中，解决方案使用polar coordinate来放置其余节点。

在此处输入图片描述

代码

\documentclass[varwidth,border=50]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{math,calc,positioning}

\newcommand{\graphcircuit}[1]{
\foreach[count=\n] \v in {#1}; % count the number of elements
\pgfmathsetmacro{\r}{\n*0.2} % set the node distance from (0,0)
\pgfmathsetmacro{\b}{90/\n} % evaluate the bend angle
\foreach[count=\i, evaluate=\i as \a using (\i-1)*360/\n] \v in {#1}
  \node [circle, draw, font=\scriptsize] (n-\i) at (\a:\r) {$\v$};
\foreach \i [remember=\i as \j (initially \n)] in {1,...,\n}
  \draw[semithick,-stealth] (n-\j) to[bend right=\b] (n-\i);
}
  \def\s{1}      % determine the location of the global reference
  \begin{document}
  \centering
  \begin{tikzpicture}
  \graphcircuit{1:5,7:2,3:0,4:0,9:1}  
  \node[font=\normalsize,xshift=\s cm] (A) at (n-1) {(A)}; 
  \node[font=\normalsize] (B) at (180:\r+\s) {(B)}; 
  \node[font=\normalsize] (C) at (90:\r+\s)  {(C)}; 
  \node[font=\normalsize] (D) at (-90:\r+\s) {(D)}; 
  \end{tikzpicture}

  \begin{tikzpicture}
  \graphcircuit{1:5,7:2,3:0,4:0,9:1,1:1,2:2,3:3}

  \node[font=\normalsize,xshift=\s cm] (A) at (n-1) {(A)}; 
  \node[font=\normalsize] (B) at (180:\r+\s) {(B)}; 
  \node[font=\normalsize] (C) at (90:\r+\s)  {(C)}; 
  \node[font=\normalsize] (D) at (-90:\r+\s) {(D)}; 
  \end{tikzpicture}

 \begin{tikzpicture}
 \graphcircuit{1:5,7:2,3:0,4:0,9:1,1:1,2:2,3:3,1:1,2:2,3:3}

 \node[font=\normalsize,xshift=\s cm] (A) at (n-1) {(A)}; 
 \node[font=\normalsize] (B) at (180:\r+\s) {(B)}; 
 \node[font=\normalsize] (C) at (90:\r+\s)  {(C)}; 
 \node[font=\normalsize] (D) at (-90:\r+\s) {(D)}; 
 \end{tikzpicture}
 \end{document}

答案3

解决方案 2：这是使用 的另一种解决方案local bounding box。

\documentclass[varwidth,border=50]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}

\newcommand{\graphcircuit}[2]{
\begin{scope}[local bounding box=#2]
  \foreach[count=\n] \v in {#1}; % count the number of elements
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\r}{\n*0.2} % set the node distance from (0,0)
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\b}{90/\n} % evaluate the bend angle
  \foreach[count=\i, evaluate=\i as \a using (\i-1)*360/\n] \v in {#1}
    \node [circle, draw, font=\scriptsize] (n-\i) at (\a:\r) {$\v$};
  \foreach \i [remember=\i as \j (initially \n)] in {1,...,\n}
    \draw[semithick,-stealth] (n-\j) to[bend right=\b] (n-\i);
\end{scope}
}

\begin{document}
  \begin{tikzpicture}
    \graphcircuit{1:5,7:2,3:0,4:0,9:1}{groupnode}
    \foreach \a in {north, east, south, west}
      \node[circle, fill=red, inner sep=1pt] at (groupnode.\a) [label={\a:\a}]{};
  \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

解决方案 1： 这是一个无需库的解决方案fit，可在节点内绘制图形。我个人更喜欢fitpercusse 的解决方案和我的第二个解决方案。我给出这个是为了完整性。

\documentclass[varwidth,border=50]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}

\newcommand{\graphcircuit}[2]{
\node[name=#2]{
  \begin{tikzpicture}
  \foreach[count=\n] \v in {#1}; % count the number of elements
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\r}{\n*0.2} % set the node distance from (0,0)
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\b}{90/\n} % evaluate the bend angle
  \foreach[count=\i, evaluate=\i as \a using (\i-1)*360/\n] \v in {#1}
    \node [circle, draw, font=\scriptsize] (n-\i) at (\a:\r) {$\v$};
  \foreach \i [remember=\i as \j (initially \n)] in {1,...,\n}
    \draw[semithick,-stealth] (n-\j) to[bend right=\b] (n-\i);
  \end{tikzpicture}
};}

\begin{document}
  \begin{tikzpicture}
    \graphcircuit{1:5,7:2,3:0,4:0,9:1}{groupnode}
    \foreach \a in {north, east, south, west}
      \node[circle, fill, inner sep=1pt] at (groupnode.\a) [label={\a:\a}]{};
  \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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