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所需文件

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所需文件

我想根据包含员工数据的数据库自动创建名片。（即生成每人一份.pdf文件，填写一份预先填好的数据库信息的文件）。

.csv我有一个如下所示的数据库（一个文件）：

Employee ID, Last Name, First name, Telephone number, Additional informations
001, Dylan, Bob, 012345, Some stuff
007, Doe, John, 01452, 
002, Doe, Jane, , A lot of \emph{informations} with \LaTeX commands that are very long \newline and maybe should be displayed on several lines etc. \begin{itemize} \item fus \item ro \item dah! \end{itemize}

我.tex定义 PDF 外观的文件是

\documentclass{scrartcl}
\begin{document}
    \includegraphics[width=1cm,height=3cm]{#EmplyeeID.jpg}
    {\sffamily #FirstName \textsc{#LastName}}
    \newline
    \section{Phone}
    {\tiny #telephone number}
    \newpage
    #AdditionalInformations
\end{document}

我希望 LaTeX 文件读取数据库的第二行，#Fields用它们的值替换，生成 PDF，然后以新行重新开始 - 只要有必要。

我查看了datatool包，我可以加载数据库（\DTLloaddb[autokeys]{DB}{my_db.csv}）。但我对两点一无所知：

  1. 如何仅读取第 m 行的第 n 个元素？
  2. 如何生成 PDF 并重复m:=m+1？

感谢您的任何帮助（解决这些问题或指出我应该查看的软件包）！

答案1

下列的吉姆的建议，我写下了一个完成我想要做的事情的 Python 代码。

即使它更面向 Python，我认为在这里发布答案可能会很有趣。（因为我们是 TeXer，可能不是 Python-ers，所以有“傻瓜式”的解释 - 抱歉篇幅太长。）

所需文件

您的工作目录中需要以下文件：

  • 一个名为 python 文件，routine.py包含以下代码，

  • 一个名为的 csv 数据库database.csv，具有以下结构：

    Employee ID, Last Name, Fist name, Telephone number, Additional informations
001, Dylan, Bob, 012345, Some stuff
007, Doe, John, 01452,
002, Doe, Jane, , "A lot of \emph{informations} with \LaTeX commands, and commas as well. \newline It can be displayed on several lines. \begin{itemize} \item fus \item ro \item dah! \end{itemize}"

（请注意，有一个标题 - 然后 Python 例程将跳过第一行）

  • 每位员工一张照片。该照片应按照以下模式命名：（EmployeeID.extention例如，在此示例中，您需要三张照片：001.jpg，，002.png-007.jpg请注意，每张照片的格式可能不一样）

Python 代码

考虑到短剑的建议是，您有两个选择：要么为每张名片生成一个 PDF 文件，要么为所有名片生成一个 PDF 文件。您将在下面找到 Python 程序的两个版本。

请查看嵌入的评论以获取解释。

  • 每张名片创建一个 PDF 文件

全球运营情况如下：

  1. 该例程读取数据库中的一行.csv，
  2. 生成定制的 LaTeX 代码，
  3. 并编译它。
  4. 然后，它对每一行重复该过程（步骤 1 到 3）。
###== imported packages ==###
import csv
import subprocess # cf "http://stackoverflow.com/questions/19683123/
                  # compile-latex-from-python" for original example

###== Definition of the LaTeX template (with "blanks") ==###
    # caution : you need to escape backslashs with backslashs
    #   blanks are filed with %(Name)s 
    # Name are here two letters
    # 's' means the variable is a string
LatexContent = '''\\documentclass{scrartcl}
                        \\usepackage{graphicx}
                        \\begin{document}
                            \\includegraphics[width=1cm,height=3cm]{%(Id)s}
                            {\\sffamily %(Fn)s \\textsc{%(Ln)s}}
                                \\newline
                            \\section{Phone}
                            {\\tiny Phone number: %(Ph)s}
                                \\newpage
                            %(Ot)s
                   \\end{document}'''

###== Look at the database ==##
# open the database into python
my_db_file = open("database.csv","rb")

# read the database
my_db = csv.reader(my_db_file, delimiter=',',skipinitialspace=True)

###== TeX files processing and generating ==###
#skip the header of the database
my_db.next() 

#then for each row of the database
for row in my_db :
        ## Assign the items of the row to the variables that will fill up the 
        ##    blanks of the LaTeX code
        ID = str(row[0])            #caution, first item of a row = index '0'
        LastName = str(row[1])
        FirstName = str(row[2])
        Phone = str(row[3])
        Other = str(row[4])

            #define the TeX file name
        TexFileName = ID + '.tex'

        ## create a new LaTeX file with the blanks filled
            #create a new file
        TexFile = open(TexFileName,'w')

            #fill the blanks with the previously read informations
        TexFile.write(LatexContent %{"Id" : ID, "Fn" : FirstName, 
        "Ln" : LastName, "Ph" : Phone, "Ot" : Other })

            #close the file
        TexFile.close()

        ## compile the file you've just created with LaTeX        
        subprocess.Popen(['pdflatex',TexFileName],shell=False)      

        ##repeate for each row

#close the database file
my_db_file.close()

  • 要仅创建一个包含所有名片的 PDF

    这里的全局操作略有不同：

    1. 该例程生成文件的头部.tex，
    2. 读取数据库的一行.csv，
    3. 生成自定义的 TeX 代码，并将其附加到现有.tex文件中，
    4. 对每一行重复步骤 2 和 3
    5. 将 TeX 代码的底部附加到现有.tex文件，
    6. 最后编译.tex文件。
###== imported packages ==###
import csv
import subprocess # cf "http://stackoverflow.com/questions/19683123/
                  # compile-latex-from-python" for original example

###== Definition of the LaTeX template (with "blanks") ==###
    # caution : you need to escape backslashs with backslashs
    #   blanks are filed with %(Name)s 
    # Name are here two letters
    # 's' means the variable is a string

LaTeXpreamble='''\\documentclass{scrartcl}
                        \\usepackage{graphicx}
                        \\begin{document}'''

LaTeXcodePerBusinessCard='''\\includegraphics[width=1cm,height=3cm]{%(Id)s}
                            {\\sffamily %(Fn)s \\textsc{%(Ln)s}}
                                \\newline
                            \\section{Phone}
                            {\\tiny Phone number: %(Ph)s}
                                \\newpage
                            %(Ot)s
                            \\null'''
LaTeXinBetween='''\\newpage'''

LaTeXcolophon='''\\end{document}'''

###== Look at the database ==##
# open the database into python
my_db_file = open("database.csv","rb")

# read the database
my_db = csv.reader(my_db_file, delimiter=',',skipinitialspace=True)

###== TeX files processing and generating ==###
#skip the header of the database
my_db.next()

#create a new textfile
    #define its name
TexFileName = 'businessCards.tex' 

    #create the file
TexFile = open(TexFileName,'w')

    #copy the preamble
TexFile.write(LaTeXpreamble)

    #close the file and re-open it in 'append' mode
TexFile.close()
TexFile = open(TexFileName,'a')

#then for each row of the database
for row in my_db :
        ## Assign the items of the row to the variables that will fill up the 
        ##    blanks of the LaTeX code
        ID = str(row[0])            #caution, first item of a row = index '0'
        LastName = str(row[1])
        FirstName = str(row[2])
        Phone = str(row[3])
        Other = str(row[4])


        ## add a piece of code with the blanks filled

            #fill the blanks with the previously read informations
        LaTeXcodeToAdd = LaTeXcodePerBusinessCard %{"Id" : ID, 
        "Fn" : FirstName, "Ln" : LastName, "Ph" : Phone, "Ot" : Other }

            #append this code to the .tex file
        TexFile.write(LaTeXcodeToAdd)

            #append the 'in-between' code to separate two business cards
        TexFile.write(LaTeXinBetween)

        ##repeate for each row

#append the colophon to finish the .tex filed
TexFile.write(LaTeXcolophon)

#close the file
TexFile.close()

## compile the .tex file with pdfLaTeX        
subprocess.Popen(['pdflatex',TexFileName],shell=False)   

#close the database file
my_db_file.close()

如何处理？

  1. 打开终端
  2. 浏览到包含上述文件的目录
  3. 执行命令python routine.py

就这样 ！

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