我正在使用 biblatex，需要满足以下要求：
引用应该是这样的：
- 当只有一位作者时：
<lastname1> <year> - 当有两位作者时：
<lastname1> and <lastname2> <year> - 当作者超过两位时：
<lastname1> et al. <year>
参考书目应如下所示：
<lastname>, <f>; <lastname>, <f>; <lastname>, <f>; <year> : Title. …
（f = 名字的首字母）
到目前为止，我已经自定义了 authoryear 样式，如下所示：
作者年份.cbx：
\ProvidesFile{authoryear-ing.cbx}
\RequireCitationStyle{authoryear-comp}
\DefineBibliographyStrings{german}{%
andothers = {et\,al\adddot}
}
\endinput
作者年份.bbx：
\ProvidesFile{authoryear-ing.bbx}
\RequireBibliographyStyle{authoryear}
% Redefining the separator between author-names
\renewcommand*{\multinamedelim}{\addsemicolon\addspace}
% Redefining the separator between the last two author-names
\renewcommand*{\finalnamedelim}{\multinamedelim}
% Redefining the separator between author-names / editor-names and year in bibliography(not working yet)
\renewbibmacro*{author}{%
\ifboolexpr{
test \ifuseauthor
and
not test {\ifnameundef{author}}
}
{\usebibmacro{bbx:dashcheck}
{\bibnamedash}
{\usebibmacro{bbx:savehash}%
\printnames{author}%
\iffieldundef{authortype}
{\setunit{\addsemicolon\space}}
{\setunit{\addsemicolon\space}}}%
\iffieldundef{authortype}
{}
{\usebibmacro{authorstrg}%
\setunit{\addsemicolon\space}}}%
{\global\undef\bbx@lasthash
\usebibmacro{labeltitle}%
\setunit*{\addsemicolon\space}}%
\usebibmacro{date+extrayear}}
\renewbibmacro*{editor}{%
\usebibmacro{bbx:editor}{editorstrg}}
\renewbibmacro*{editor+others}{%
\usebibmacro{bbx:editor}{editor+othersstrg}}
\newbibmacro*{bbx:editor}[1]{%
\ifboolexpr{
test \ifuseeditor
and
not test {\ifnameundef{editor}}
}
{\usebibmacro{bbx:dashcheck}
{\bibnamedash}
{\printnames{editor}%
\setunit{\addsemicolon\space}%
\usebibmacro{bbx:savehash}}%
\usebibmacro{#1}%
\clearname{editor}%
\setunit{\addsemicolon\space}}%
{\global\undef\bbx@lasthash
\usebibmacro{labeltitle}%
\setunit*{\addsemicolon\space}}%
\usebibmacro{date+extrayear}}
\renewbibmacro*{translator}{%
\usebibmacro{bbx:translator}{translatorstrg}}
\renewbibmacro*{translator+others}{%
\usebibmacro{bbx:translator}{translator+othersstrg}}
\newbibmacro*{bbx:translator}[1]{%
\ifboolexpr{
test \ifusetranslator
and
not test {\ifnameundef{translator}}
}
{\usebibmacro{bbx:dashcheck}
{\bibnamedash}
{\printnames{translator}%
\setunit{\addsemicolon\space}%
\usebibmacro{bbx:savehash}}%
\usebibmacro{translator+othersstrg}%
\clearname{translator}%
\setunit{\addsemicolon\space}}%
{\global\undef\bbx@lasthash
\usebibmacro{labeltitle}%
\setunit*{\addsemicolon\space}}%
\usebibmacro{date+extrayear}}
% firstname is displayed after the lastname
\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{last-first}
% no parenthesis
\renewbibmacro*{date+extrayear}{%
\iffieldundef{\thefield{datelabelsource}year}
{}
{\iffieldsequal{year}{\thefield{datelabelsource}year}
{\printdateextralabel}%
{\printfield{labelyear}%
\printfield{extrayear}}}}%
\endinput
我的文档如下所示：
\documentclass[a4paper, ngerman, bibliography=totocnumbered, listof=numbered, 12pt]{scrartcl}
%% Codierung
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage[latin9]{inputenc}
%% Biblatex
\usepackage[
backend = biber,
sorting = nyt,
citestyle = authoryear-ing,
bibstyle = authoryear-ing,
maxcitenames = 2,
mincitenames = 1,
maxbibnames = 100,
minbibnames = 100,
firstinits = true,
abbreviate = true
]{biblatex}
\begin{filecontents}{mwe.bib}
@book{buch1,
Author = {Vornameeins Nachnahmeeins and Vornamezwei Nachnahmezwei},
Title = {Title},
Year = {2010}}
@book{buch2,
Author = {Vornameeins Nachnahmeeins},
Title = {Title},
Year = {2015}}
@book{buch3,
Author = {Vornameeins Nachnahmeeins and Vornamezwei Nachnahmezwei and Vornamedrei Nachnahmedrei},
Title = {Title},
Year = {2010}}
\end{filecontents}
\addbibresource{mwe.bib}
\begin{document}
\cite{buch1}\\
\cite{buch2}\\
\cite{buch3}
\printbibliography
\end{document}
结果如下：
看起来 citestyle 和 bibstyle 互相影响。有没有办法满足我上面提到的要求？我做错了什么？
答案1
在较新版本的 中，biblatex有许多新功能和特性可让您的生活更加轻松。除其他外，multinamedelim和finaldnamedelim现在具有上下文相关性，这使得更容易对引文和参考书目有不同的定义。此外，nametitledelim和nameyeardelim可以分别帮助您获取年份后的冒号和参考书目中的结束分号。
我的建议是基于ext-authoryear-comp（我的biblatex-ext捆) 因为这样可以更简单地去掉参考书目中年份周围的括号（参见如何（正确地）删除 authoryear 样式中年份周围的括号？（v3））。
我已将加载时间选项移至相关的.bbx和.cbx文件，并且还添加了uniquelist和uniquename选项，因为我思考您可能希望它们与默认值不同。例如，请参见在 biblatex 中使用“et al.”时，限制为一位作者，含有 Biber 的文献会产生奇怪的引用：名字出现不规律以及biblatex有关这两个选项的文档。
在 MWE 中我也曾经filecontents制作过.bbx和文件。.cbx警告：由于filecontents包已加载authoryear-ing.bbx，并且authoryear-ing.cbx文件.bib将在未经事先通知或交互的情况下被覆盖。请在新的空文件夹中测试此 MWE，以避免丢失您宝贵的工作。
\documentclass[a4paper, ngerman, bibliography=totocnumbered, 12pt]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}{authoryear-ing.bbx}
\ProvidesFile{authoryear-ing.bbx}
\RequireBibliographyStyle{ext-authoryear-comp}
\ExecuteBibliographyOptions{
maxbibnames = 100,
minbibnames = 100,
giveninits = true,
abbreviate = true,
}
\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{family-given}
\DeclareDelimFormat[bib]{multinamedelim}{\addsemicolon\space}
\DeclareDelimAlias*[bib]{finalnamedelim}{multinamedelim}
\DeclareDelimAlias*[bib]{nameyeardelim}{multinamedelim}
\DeclareDelimFormat[bib]{nametitledelim}{\addcolon\space}
\DeclareFieldFormat{biblabeldate}{#1}
\endinput
\end{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}{authoryear-ing.cbx}
\ProvidesFile{authoryear-ing.cbx}
\RequireCitationStyle{ext-authoryear-comp}
\ExecuteBibliographyOptions{
maxcitenames = 2,
mincitenames = 1,
uniquelist = false,
uniquename = init,
}
\DefineBibliographyStrings{german}{%
andothers = {et\,al\adddot}
}
\endinput
\end{filecontents}
\usepackage[
backend = biber,
style = authoryear-ing,
]{biblatex}
\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@book{buch1,
author = {Vornameeins Nachnahmeeins and Vornamezwei Nachnahmezwei},
title = {Title},
year = {2010},
}
@book{buch2,
author = {Vornameeins Nachnahmeeins},
title = {Title},
year = {2015},
}
@book{buch3,
author = {Vornameeins Nachnahmeeins and Vornamezwei Nachnahmezwei
and Vornamedrei Nachnahmedrei},
title = {Title},
year = {2010},
}
\end{filecontents}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}
\begin{document}
\cite{buch1}
\cite{buch2}
\cite{buch3}
\printbibliography
\end{document}
