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! 程序包 PGF 数学错误：数组索引超出范围

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf macros errors
! 程序包 PGF 数学错误：数组索引超出范围

我正在尝试创建一组命令来自动绘制一些具有复杂数学关系的函数。但是，我在运行该函数时遇到此错误。我在命令中添加三角函数后遇到了这个问题。我该如何调试此错误？

%pdfLaTeX

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{tikz}

\newcommand{\test}[1]{
\begin{tikzpicture}
%
    \def\dh{{#1}[0]}
    \def\db{{#1}[1]}
    \def\dt{{#1}[2]}
    \def\dr{{#1}[3]}
    \def\dd{{#1}[4]}
    \def\ag{{#1}[5]}
%
    \def\lw{0.15mm}
%
    \coordinate (1) at (0,{(\dr+\dt)*(1-cos(\ag))+\dd*sin(\ag)});
    \coordinate (3) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)},{(\dr+\dt)*(1-cos(\ag))});
    \coordinate (5) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)+(\dr+\dt)*sin(\ag)},0);
    \coordinate (7) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)+\db-\dt-\dr},0);
    \coordinate (9) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)+\db},{\dt+\dr});
    \coordinate (11) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)+\db},{\dh-\dt-\dr});
    \coordinate (13) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)+\db+\dr},{\dh-\dt});
    \coordinate (15) at ({2*(\dd*cos(\ag)+\db)-\dt-\dr*sin(\ag)},{\dh-\dt});
    \coordinate (17) at ({2*(\dd*cos(\ag)+\db)-\dt-\dr*cos(\ag)},{\dh-\dt-\dr*(1-cos(\ag))});
    \coordinate (19) at ({2*(\dd*cos(\ag)+\db)-\dt},{\dh-\dt-\dr*(1-cos(\ag))-\dd*sin(\ag)});
%
    \draw [line width=\lw] (1) -- (3) (5) -- (7) (9) -- (11) (13) -- (15) (17) -- (19);
\end{tikzpicture}
    }

\begin{document}
\centering
\test{16,6,0.3,0.8,2.91,60}
\end{document}

答案1

使用pgfmath命令来pgfmath做事。顺便说一句，你的身材太大了。

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{tikz}

\newcommand{\test}[1]{
\begin{tikzpicture}
%
    \pgfmathsetmacro\dh{{#1}[0]}
    \pgfmathsetmacro\db{{#1}[1]}
    \pgfmathsetmacro\dt{{#1}[2]}
    \pgfmathsetmacro\dr{{#1}[3]}
    \pgfmathsetmacro\dd{{#1}[4]}
    \pgfmathsetmacro\ag{{#1}[5]}
%
    \def\lw{0.15mm}
%
    \coordinate (1) at (0,{(\dr+\dt)*(1-cos(\ag))+\dd*sin(\ag)});
    \coordinate (3) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)},{(\dr+\dt)*(1-cos(\ag))});
    \coordinate (5) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)+(\dr+\dt)*sin(\ag)},0);
    \coordinate (7) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)+\db-\dt-\dr},0);
    \coordinate (9) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)+\db},{\dt+\dr});
    \coordinate (11) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)+\db},{\dh-\dt-\dr});
    \coordinate (13) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)+\db+\dr},{\dh-\dt});
    \coordinate (15) at ({2*(\dd*cos(\ag)+\db)-\dt-\dr*sin(\ag)},{\dh-\dt});
    \coordinate (17) at ({2*(\dd*cos(\ag)+\db)-\dt-\dr*cos(\ag)},{\dh-\dt-\dr*(1-cos(\ag))});
    \coordinate (19) at ({2*(\dd*cos(\ag)+\db)-\dt},{\dh-\dt-\dr*(1-cos(\ag))-\dd*sin(\ag)});
%
    \draw [line width=\lw] (1) -- (3) (5) -- (7) (9) -- (11) (13) -- (15) (17) -- (19);
\end{tikzpicture}
    }

\begin{document}
\centering
\test{16,6,0.3,0.8,2.91,60}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

笔记

  • 我认为这是一个 XY 问题。您可能想根据一些参数绘制图形。在这种情况下，宏不是正确的方法。您应该改用pic。

    \documentclass{article}

\usepackage{tikz}

\tikzset{
  yourpicname/.pic={
    \pgfmathsetmacro\dh{{#1}[0]}
    \pgfmathsetmacro\db{{#1}[1]}
    \pgfmathsetmacro\dt{{#1}[2]}
    \pgfmathsetmacro\dr{{#1}[3]}
    \pgfmathsetmacro\dd{{#1}[4]}
    \pgfmathsetmacro\ag{{#1}[5]}
    \coordinate (1) at (0,{(\dr+\dt)*(1-cos(\ag))+\dd*sin(\ag)});
    \coordinate (3) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)},{(\dr+\dt)*(1-cos(\ag))});
    \coordinate (5) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)+(\dr+\dt)*sin(\ag)},0);
    \coordinate (7) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)+\db-\dt-\dr},0);
    \coordinate (9) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)+\db},{\dt+\dr});
    \coordinate (11) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)+\db},{\dh-\dt-\dr});
    \coordinate (13) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)+\db+\dr},{\dh-\dt});
    \coordinate (15) at ({2*(\dd*cos(\ag)+\db)-\dt-\dr*sin(\ag)},{\dh-\dt});
    \coordinate (17) at ({2*(\dd*cos(\ag)+\db)-\dt-\dr*cos(\ag)},{\dh-\dt-\dr*(1-cos(\ag))});
    \coordinate (19) at ({2*(\dd*cos(\ag)+\db)-\dt},{\dh-\dt-\dr*(1-cos(\ag))-\dd*sin(\ag)});
    \draw [pic actions] (1) -- (3) (5) -- (7) (9) -- (11) (13) -- (15) (17) -- (19);
  }
}

\begin{document}
\centering
\tikz\pic[line width=0.15mm,red]{yourpicname={16,6,0.3,0.8,2.91,60}};
\end{document}

  • 如果您想坚持使用宏，我推荐这个版本，您可以在其中更改line width并删除一个宏。

    \documentclass{article}

\usepackage{tikz}

\newcommand{\test}[2][0.15mm]{
\begin{tikzpicture}
%
    \pgfmathsetmacro\dh{{#2}[0]}
    \pgfmathsetmacro\db{{#2}[1]}
    \pgfmathsetmacro\dt{{#2}[2]}
    \pgfmathsetmacro\dr{{#2}[3]}
    \pgfmathsetmacro\dd{{#2}[4]}
    \pgfmathsetmacro\ag{{#2}[5]}
%
    \coordinate (1) at (0,{(\dr+\dt)*(1-cos(\ag))+\dd*sin(\ag)});
    \coordinate (3) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)},{(\dr+\dt)*(1-cos(\ag))});
    \coordinate (5) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)+(\dr+\dt)*sin(\ag)},0);
    \coordinate (7) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)+\db-\dt-\dr},0);
    \coordinate (9) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)+\db},{\dt+\dr});
    \coordinate (11) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)+\db},{\dh-\dt-\dr});
    \coordinate (13) at ({\dd*cos(\ag)+\db+\dr},{\dh-\dt});
    \coordinate (15) at ({2*(\dd*cos(\ag)+\db)-\dt-\dr*sin(\ag)},{\dh-\dt});
    \coordinate (17) at ({2*(\dd*cos(\ag)+\db)-\dt-\dr*cos(\ag)},{\dh-\dt-\dr*(1-cos(\ag))});
    \coordinate (19) at ({2*(\dd*cos(\ag)+\db)-\dt},{\dh-\dt-\dr*(1-cos(\ag))-\dd*sin(\ag)});
%
    \draw [line width=#1] (1) -- (3) (5) -- (7) (9) -- (11) (13) -- (15) (17) -- (19);
\end{tikzpicture}
    }

\begin{document}
\centering
\test{16,6,0.3,0.8,2.91,60}
\test[0.3mm]{1,2,3,4,5,6}
\end{document}

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