我问了这个问题：
运行“sudo /sbin/service mysqld start”会导致系统崩溃
在其中一个答案的评论中，一位非常有帮助的人要求提供有关oom-killer调用时使用了多少内存进程的更多信息。
不过，它的输出dmesg约为 9000 行和数十万个字符。
我在整个输出中多次看到的输出示例如下：
Out of memory: Killed process 21000, UID 48, (httpd).
mysqld invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x201d2, order=0, oomkilladj=0
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff802c1b64>] out_of_memory+0x8b/0x203
[<ffffffff8020fa5d>] __alloc_pages+0x27f/0x308
[<ffffffff802139dd>] __do_page_cache_readahead+0xc8/0x1af
[<ffffffff8021424e>] filemap_nopage+0x14c/0x360
[<ffffffff80208e9d>] __handle_mm_fault+0x444/0x144f
[<ffffffff8020622a>] hypercall_page+0x22a/0x1000
[<ffffffff8020622a>] hypercall_page+0x22a/0x1000
[<ffffffff80266d94>] do_page_fault+0xf72/0x131b
[<ffffffff802456a8>] sys_rt_sigreturn+0x327/0x35a
[<ffffffff8026393d>] _spin_lock_irq+0x9/0x14
[<ffffffff802296ed>] do_sigaction+0x18c/0x1a1
[<ffffffff8025f82b>] error_exit+0x0/0x6e
Mem-info:
DMA per-cpu:
cpu 0 hot: high 0, batch 1 used:0
cpu 0 cold: high 0, batch 1 used:0
DMA32 per-cpu:
cpu 0 hot: high 186, batch 31 used:30
cpu 0 cold: high 62, batch 15 used:51
Normal per-cpu: empty
HighMem per-cpu: empty
Free pages: 4748kB (0kB HighMem)
Active:114975 inactive:0 dirty:0 writeback:0 unstable:0 free:1187 slab:4839 mapped-file:541 mapped-anon:114505 pagetables:1332
DMA free:2004kB min:48kB low:60kB high:72kB active:540kB inactive:0kB present:9076kB pages_scanned:5699645 all_unreclaimable? yes
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 489 489 489
DMA32 free:2744kB min:2804kB low:3504kB high:4204kB active:459360kB inactive:0kB present:500960kB pages_scanned:11998796 all_unreclaimable? yes
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
Normal free:0kB min:0kB low:0kB high:0kB active:0kB inactive:0kB present:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
HighMem free:0kB min:128kB low:128kB high:128kB active:0kB inactive:0kB present:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
DMA: 1*4kB 0*8kB 1*16kB 0*32kB 1*64kB 1*128kB 1*256kB 1*512kB 1*1024kB 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 2004kB
DMA32: 12*4kB 3*8kB 1*16kB 1*32kB 1*64kB 0*128kB 0*256kB 1*512kB 0*1024kB 1*2048kB 0*4096kB = 2744kB
Normal: empty
HighMem: empty
586 pagecache pages
Swap cache: add 0, delete 0, find 0/0, race 0+0
Free swap = 0kB
Total swap = 0kB
Free swap: 0kB
131072 pages of RAM
5993 reserved pages
5581 pages shared
0 pages swap cached
klogd invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x201d2, order=0, oomkilladj=0
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff802c1b64>] out_of_memory+0x8b/0x203
[<ffffffff8020fa5d>] __alloc_pages+0x27f/0x308
[<ffffffff802139dd>] __do_page_cache_readahead+0xc8/0x1af
[<ffffffff8021424e>] filemap_nopage+0x14c/0x360
[<ffffffff80208e9d>] __handle_mm_fault+0x444/0x144f
[<ffffffff80263929>] _spin_lock_irqsave+0x9/0x14
[<ffffffff80263929>] _spin_lock_irqsave+0x9/0x14
[<ffffffff80251144>] finish_wait+0x32/0x5d
[<ffffffff80266d94>] do_page_fault+0xf72/0x131b
[<ffffffff802ff918>] kmsg_read+0x3a/0x44
[<ffffffff8025f82b>] error_exit+0x0/0x6e
Mem-info:
DMA per-cpu:
cpu 0 hot: high 0, batch 1 used:0
cpu 0 cold: high 0, batch 1 used:0
DMA32 per-cpu:
cpu 0 hot: high 186, batch 31 used:45
cpu 0 cold: high 62, batch 15 used:51
Normal per-cpu: empty
HighMem per-cpu: empty
Free pages: 4748kB (0kB HighMem)
Active:114975 inactive:0 dirty:0 writeback:0 unstable:0 free:1187 slab:4824 mapped-file:541 mapped-anon:114505 pagetables:1332
DMA free:2004kB min:48kB low:60kB high:72kB active:540kB inactive:0kB present:9076kB pages_scanned:6531037 all_unreclaimable? yes
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 489 489 489
DMA32 free:2744kB min:2804kB low:3504kB high:4204kB active:459360kB inactive:0kB present:500960kB pages_scanned:36231106 all_unreclaimable? yes
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
Normal free:0kB min:0kB low:0kB high:0kB active:0kB inactive:0kB present:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
HighMem free:0kB min:128kB low:128kB high:128kB active:0kB inactive:0kB present:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
DMA: 1*4kB 0*8kB 1*16kB 0*32kB 1*64kB 1*128kB 1*256kB 1*512kB 1*1024kB 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 2004kB
DMA32: 12*4kB 3*8kB 1*16kB 1*32kB 1*64kB 0*128kB 0*256kB 1*512kB 0*1024kB 1*2048kB 0*4096kB = 2744kB
Normal: empty
HighMem: empty
586 pagecache pages
Swap cache: add 0, delete 0, find 0/0, race 0+0
Free swap = 0kB
Total swap = 0kB
Free swap: 0kB
131072 pages of RAM
5993 reserved pages
5581 pages shared
0 pages swap cached
Out of memory: Killed process 21001, UID 48, (httpd).
sudo invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x201d2, order=0, oomkilladj=0
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff802c1b64>] out_of_memory+0x8b/0x203
[<ffffffff8020fa5d>] __alloc_pages+0x27f/0x308
[<ffffffff802139dd>] __do_page_cache_readahead+0xc8/0x1af
[<ffffffff8021424e>] filemap_nopage+0x14c/0x360
[<ffffffff80208e9d>] __handle_mm_fault+0x444/0x144f
[<ffffffff8020622a>] hypercall_page+0x22a/0x1000
[<ffffffff8020622a>] hypercall_page+0x22a/0x1000
[<ffffffff80266d94>] do_page_fault+0xf72/0x131b
[<ffffffff8024901b>] skb_dequeue+0x48/0x50
[<ffffffff80254146>] unix_release_sock+0x19e/0x1fa
[<ffffffff80261df5>] thread_return+0x6c/0x113
[<ffffffff80207116>] kmem_cache_free+0x84/0xd7
[<ffffffff80207116>] kmem_cache_free+0x84/0xd7
[<ffffffff8025f82b>] error_exit+0x0/0x6e
Mem-info:
DMA per-cpu:
cpu 0 hot: high 0, batch 1 used:0
cpu 0 cold: high 0, batch 1 used:0
DMA32 per-cpu:
cpu 0 hot: high 186, batch 31 used:165
cpu 0 cold: high 62, batch 15 used:48
Normal per-cpu: empty
HighMem per-cpu: empty
Free pages: 4760kB (0kB HighMem)
Active:114996 inactive:0 dirty:0 writeback:0 unstable:0 free:1190 slab:4821 mapped-file:541 mapped-anon:114468 pagetables:1225
DMA free:2004kB min:48kB low:60kB high:72kB active:540kB inactive:0kB present:9076kB pages_scanned:7319613 all_unreclaimable? yes
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 489 489 489
DMA32 free:2756kB min:2804kB low:3504kB high:4204kB active:459444kB inactive:0kB present:500960kB pages_scanned:13331345 all_unreclaimable? yes
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
Normal free:0kB min:0kB low:0kB high:0kB active:0kB inactive:0kB present:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
HighMem free:0kB min:128kB low:128kB high:128kB active:0kB inactive:0kB present:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
DMA: 1*4kB 0*8kB 1*16kB 0*32kB 1*64kB 1*128kB 1*256kB 1*512kB 1*1024kB 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 2004kB
DMA32: 5*4kB 8*8kB 1*16kB 1*32kB 1*64kB 0*128kB 0*256kB 1*512kB 0*1024kB 1*2048kB 0*4096kB = 2756kB
Normal: empty
HighMem: empty
586 pagecache pages
Swap cache: add 0, delete 0, find 0/0, race 0+0
Free swap = 0kB
Total swap = 0kB
Free swap: 0kB
131072 pages of RAM
5993 reserved pages
4629 pages shared
我如何以可以帮助我执行此任务的方式阅读此内容：
在发生 OOM 情况时转储到 dmesg 的进程列表中，其中一列应包括每个进程正在使用的内存量。 ...将该输出放入您的问题中...
答案1
您提供的输出缺少包含调用 OOM Killer 时每个进程使用的内存量的信息。
偷窃自这个问题在 stackoverflow 上，完整的 OOM 杀手消息将如下所示：
[11686.040460] flasherav invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x201da, order=0, oom_adj=0, oom_score_adj=0
[11686.040467] flasherav cpuset=/ mems_allowed=0
[11686.040472] Pid: 2859, comm: flasherav Not tainted 3.0.0-12-generic #20-Ubuntu
[11686.040476] Call Trace:
[11686.040488] [<c10e1c15>] dump_header.isra.7+0x85/0xc0
[11686.040493] [<c10e1e6c>] oom_kill_process+0x5c/0x80
[11686.040498] [<c10e225f>] out_of_memory+0xbf/0x1d0
[11686.040503] [<c10e6123>] __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x6c3/0x6e0
[11686.040509] [<c10e78d3>] ? __do_page_cache_readahead+0xe3/0x170
[11686.040514] [<c10e0fc8>] filemap_fault+0x218/0x390
[11686.040519] [<c1001c24>] ? __switch_to+0x94/0x1a0
[11686.040525] [<c10fb5ee>] __do_fault+0x3e/0x4b0
[11686.040530] [<c1069971>] ? enqueue_hrtimer+0x21/0x80
[11686.040535] [<c10fec2c>] handle_pte_fault+0xec/0x220
[11686.040540] [<c10fee68>] handle_mm_fault+0x108/0x210
[11686.040546] [<c152fa00>] ? vmalloc_fault+0xee/0xee
[11686.040551] [<c152fb5b>] do_page_fault+0x15b/0x4a0
[11686.040555] [<c1069a90>] ? update_rmtp+0x80/0x80
[11686.040560] [<c106a7b6>] ? hrtimer_start_range_ns+0x26/0x30
[11686.040565] [<c106aeaf>] ? sys_nanosleep+0x4f/0x60
[11686.040569] [<c152fa00>] ? vmalloc_fault+0xee/0xee
[11686.040574] [<c152cfcf>] error_code+0x67/0x6c
[11686.040580] [<c1520000>] ? reserve_backup_gdb.isra.11+0x26d/0x2c0
[11686.040583] Mem-Info:
[11686.040585] DMA per-cpu:
[11686.040588] CPU 0: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0
[11686.040592] CPU 1: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0
[11686.040594] Normal per-cpu:
[11686.040597] CPU 0: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 5
[11686.040600] CPU 1: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 30
[11686.040603] HighMem per-cpu:
[11686.040605] CPU 0: hi: 42, btch: 7 usd: 7
[11686.040608] CPU 1: hi: 42, btch: 7 usd: 22
[11686.040613] active_anon:113150 inactive_anon:113378 isolated_anon:0
[11686.040615] active_file:86 inactive_file:1964 isolated_file:0
[11686.040616] unevictable:0 dirty:0 writeback:0 unstable:0
[11686.040618] free:13274 slab_reclaimable:2239 slab_unreclaimable:2594
[11686.040619] mapped:1387 shmem:4380 pagetables:1375 bounce:0
[11686.040627] DMA free:4776kB min:784kB low:980kB high:1176kB active_anon:5116kB inactive_anon:5472kB active_file:0kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:15804kB mlocked:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:0kB shmem:0kB slab_reclaimable:80kB slab_unreclaimable:168kB kernel_stack:96kB pagetables:64kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:6 all_unreclaimable? yes
[11686.040634] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 865 1000 1000
[11686.040644] Normal free:48212kB min:44012kB low:55012kB high:66016kB active_anon:383196kB inactive_anon:383704kB active_file:344kB inactive_file:7884kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:885944kB mlocked:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:5548kB shmem:17520kB slab_reclaimable:8876kB slab_unreclaimable:10208kB kernel_stack:1960kB pagetables:3976kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:930 all_unreclaimable? yes
[11686.040652] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 1078 1078
[11686.040662] HighMem free:108kB min:132kB low:1844kB high:3560kB active_anon:64288kB inactive_anon:64336kB active_file:0kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:138072kB mlocked:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:0kB shmem:0kB slab_reclaimable:0kB slab_unreclaimable:0kB kernel_stack:0kB pagetables:1460kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:61 all_unreclaimable? yes
[11686.040669] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
[11686.040675] DMA: 20*4kB 24*8kB 34*16kB 26*32kB 19*64kB 13*128kB 1*256kB 0*512kB 0*1024kB 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 4784kB
[11686.040690] Normal: 819*4kB 607*8kB 357*16kB 176*32kB 99*64kB 49*128kB 23*256kB 4*512kB 0*1024kB 0*2048kB 2*4096kB = 48212kB
[11686.040704] HighMem: 16*4kB 0*8kB 1*16kB 0*32kB 0*64kB 0*128kB 0*256kB 0*512kB 0*1024kB 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 80kB
[11686.040718] 14680 total pagecache pages
[11686.040721] 8202 pages in swap cache
[11686.040724] Swap cache stats: add 2191074, delete 2182872, find 1247325/1327415
[11686.040727] Free swap = 0kB
[11686.040729] Total swap = 524284kB
[11686.043240] 262100 pages RAM
[11686.043244] 34790 pages HighMem
[11686.043246] 5610 pages reserved
[11686.043248] 2335 pages shared
[11686.043250] 240875 pages non-shared
[11686.043253] [ pid ] uid tgid total_vm rss cpu oom_adj oom_score_adj name
[11686.043266] [ 1084] 0 1084 662 1 0 0 0 upstart-udev-br
[11686.043271] [ 1094] 0 1094 743 79 0 -17 -1000 udevd
[11686.043276] [ 1104] 101 1104 7232 42 0 0 0 rsyslogd
[11686.043281] [ 1149] 103 1149 1066 188 1 0 0 dbus-daemon
[11686.043286] [ 1165] 0 1165 1716 66 0 0 0 modem-manager
[11686.043291] [ 1220] 106 1220 861 42 0 0 0 avahi-daemon
[11686.043296] [ 1221] 106 1221 829 0 1 0 0 avahi-daemon
[11686.043301] [ 1255] 0 1255 6880 117 0 0 0 NetworkManager
[11686.043306] [ 1308] 0 1308 5988 144 0 0 0 polkitd
[11686.043311] [ 1334] 0 1334 723 85 0 -17 -1000 udevd
[11686.043316] [ 1335] 0 1335 730 108 0 -17 -1000 udevd
[11686.043320] [ 1375] 0 1375 663 37 0 0 0 upstart-socket-
[11686.043325] [ 1464] 0 1464 1333 120 1 0 0 login
[11686.043330] [ 1467] 0 1467 1333 135 1 0 0 login
[11686.043335] [ 1486] 0 1486 1333 135 1 0 0 login
[11686.043339] [ 1487] 0 1487 1333 136 1 0 0 login
[11686.043344] [ 1493] 0 1493 1333 134 1 0 0 login
[11686.043349] [ 1528] 0 1528 496 45 0 0 0 acpid
[11686.043354] [ 1529] 0 1529 607 46 1 0 0 cron
[11686.043359] [ 1549] 0 1549 10660 100 0 0 0 lightdm
[11686.043363] [ 1550] 0 1550 570 28 0 0 0 atd
[11686.043368] [ 1584] 0 1584 855 35 0 0 0 irqbalance
[11686.043373] [ 1703] 0 1703 17939 9653 0 0 0 Xorg
[11686.043378] [ 1874] 0 1874 7013 174 0 0 0 console-kit-dae
[11686.043382] [ 1958] 0 1958 1124 52 1 0 0 bluetoothd
[11686.043388] [ 2048] 999 2048 2435 641 1 0 0 bash
[11686.043392] [ 2049] 999 2049 2435 595 0 0 0 bash
[11686.043397] [ 2050] 999 2050 2435 587 1 0 0 bash
[11686.043402] [ 2051] 999 2051 2435 634 1 0 0 bash
[11686.043406] [ 2054] 999 2054 2435 569 0 0 0 bash
[11686.043411] [ 2155] 0 2155 1333 128 0 0 0 login
[11686.043416] [ 2222] 0 2222 684 67 1 0 0 dhclient
[11686.043420] [ 2240] 999 2240 2435 415 0 0 0 bash
[11686.043425] [ 2244] 0 2244 3631 58 0 0 0 accounts-daemon
[11686.043430] [ 2258] 999 2258 11683 277 0 0 0 gnome-session
[11686.043435] [ 2407] 999 2407 964 24 0 0 0 ssh-agent
[11686.043440] [ 2410] 999 2410 937 53 0 0 0 dbus-launch
[11686.043444] [ 2411] 999 2411 1319 300 1 0 0 dbus-daemon
[11686.043449] [ 2413] 999 2413 2287 88 0 0 0 gvfsd
[11686.043454] [ 2418] 999 2418 7867 123 1 0 0 gvfs-fuse-daemo
[11686.043459] [ 2427] 999 2427 32720 804 0 0 0 gnome-settings-
[11686.043463] [ 2437] 999 2437 10750 124 0 0 0 gnome-keyring-d
[11686.043468] [ 2442] 999 2442 2321 244 1 0 0 gconfd-2
[11686.043473] [ 2447] 0 2447 6490 156 0 0 0 upowerd
[11686.043478] [ 2467] 999 2467 7590 87 0 0 0 dconf-service
[11686.043482] [ 2529] 999 2529 11807 211 0 0 0 gsd-printer
[11686.043487] [ 2531] 999 2531 12162 587 0 0 0 metacity
[11686.043492] [ 2535] 999 2535 19175 960 0 0 0 unity-2d-panel
[11686.043496] [ 2536] 999 2536 19408 1012 0 0 0 unity-2d-launch
[11686.043502] [ 2539] 999 2539 16154 1120 1 0 0 nautilus
[11686.043506] [ 2540] 999 2540 17888 534 0 0 0 nm-applet
[11686.043511] [ 2541] 999 2541 7005 253 0 0 0 polkit-gnome-au
[11686.043516] [ 2544] 999 2544 8930 430 0 0 0 bamfdaemon
[11686.043521] [ 2545] 999 2545 11217 442 1 0 0 bluetooth-apple
[11686.043525] [ 2547] 999 2547 510 16 0 0 0 sh
[11686.043530] [ 2548] 999 2548 11205 301 1 0 0 gnome-fallback-
[11686.043535] [ 2565] 999 2565 6614 179 1 0 0 gvfs-gdu-volume
[11686.043539] [ 2567] 0 2567 5812 164 1 0 0 udisks-daemon
[11686.043544] [ 2571] 0 2571 1580 69 0 0 0 udisks-daemon
[11686.043549] [ 2579] 999 2579 16354 1035 0 0 0 unity-panel-ser
[11686.043554] [ 2602] 0 2602 1188 47 0 0 0 sudo
[11686.043559] [ 2603] 0 2603 374634 181503 0 0 0 flasherav
[11686.043564] [ 2607] 999 2607 12673 189 0 0 0 indicator-appli
[11686.043569] [ 2609] 999 2609 19313 311 1 0 0 indicator-datet
[11686.043573] [ 2611] 999 2611 15738 225 0 0 0 indicator-messa
[11686.043578] [ 2615] 999 2615 17433 237 1 0 0 indicator-sessi
[11686.043583] [ 2627] 999 2627 2393 132 0 0 0 gvfsd-trash
[11686.043588] [ 2640] 999 2640 1933 85 0 0 0 geoclue-master
[11686.043592] [ 2650] 0 2650 2498 1136 1 0 0 mount.ntfs
[11686.043598] [ 2657] 999 2657 6624 128 1 0 0 telepathy-indic
[11686.043602] [ 2659] 999 2659 2246 112 0 0 0 mission-control
[11686.043607] [ 2662] 999 2662 5431 346 1 0 0 gdu-notificatio
[11686.043612] [ 2664] 0 2664 3716 2392 0 0 0 mount.ntfs
[11686.043617] [ 2679] 999 2679 12453 197 1 0 0 zeitgeist-datah
[11686.043621] [ 2685] 999 2685 5196 1581 1 0 0 zeitgeist-daemo
[11686.043626] [ 2934] 999 2934 16305 710 0 0 0 gnome-terminal
[11686.043631] [ 2938] 999 2938 553 0 0 0 0 gnome-pty-helpe
[11686.043636] [ 2939] 999 2939 1814 406 0 0 0 bash
[11686.043641] Out of memory: Kill process 2603 (flasherav) score 761 or sacrifice child
[11686.043647] Killed process 2603 (flasherav) total-vm:1498536kB, anon-rss:721784kB, file-rss:4228kB
在底部，从 printk time 行开始11686.043253，是包含所需信息的表。
如果您的输出中没有此表，则您的dmesg命令可能默认的最低输出级别高于记录此信息的级别。
请尝试以下命令：
dmesg -l info,notice,warn,err,crit,alert,emerg
当我挖掘内核源代码时，我看到进程表是在该info级别记录的。上面的命令dmesg表示显示从info到 的所有内容emerg。
现在我们已经有了所需的信息，该表就很不言自明了。该rss列或多或少会告诉您每个进程当时使用了多少内存。值的单位是页，通常是4kb。所以一个2手段8kb。该oom_score_adj专栏将告诉您内核杀死该进程的可能性有多大（数字越高意味着可能性越大）。