如何将存储在变量上的参数传递给 WGET

如何将存储在变量上的参数传递给 WGET

我正在编写一个广泛使用 wget 的 bash 脚本。为了在一处定义所有通用参数,我将它们存储在变量中。这是一段代码:

useragent='--user-agent="Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:27.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/27.0"'
cookies_file="/tmp/wget-cookies.txt"
save_cookies_cmd="--save-cookies $cookies_file --keep-session-cookies"
load_cookies_cmd="--load-cookies $cookies_file --keep-session-cookies"

function mywget {
    log "#!!!!!!!!!# WGET #!!!!!!!!!# wget $quiet $useragent $load_cookies_cmd $@"  
    wget $useragent $load_cookies_cmd "$@"
}

遗憾的是不起作用。不知何故,我缺少在变量 $useragent、$save_cookies_cmd、$load_cookies_cmd 上存储参数的正确方法,以及将这些变量作为参数传递的 caling wget 。

我想要的结果命令行如下:

wget --user-agent="Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:27.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/27.0" --load-cookies /tmp/wget-cookies.txt --keep-session-cookies http://mysite.local/myfile.php

编辑:我的最终解决方案:

最后我的脚本可以正确使用:

useragent="Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:27.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/27.0"
useragent_cmd="--user-agent=$useragent"
cookies_file="/tmp/wget-cookies.txt"
save_cookies_cmd="--save-cookies $cookies_file --keep-session-cookies"
load_cookies_cmd="--load-cookies $cookies_file --keep-session-cookies"

function mywget {
    log "#!!!!!!!!!# WGET #!!!!!!!!!# wget $load_cookies_cmd $useragent_cmd $@"  
    wget $load_cookies_cmd "$useragent_cmd" "$@"
}

感谢您的所有回复。

答案1

http://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashFAQ/050

user_agent='--user-agent="Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:27.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/27.0"'
cookies_file="/tmp/wget-cookies.txt"
save_cookies_opts=( --save-cookies "$cookies_file" --keep-session-cookies )
load_cookies_opts=( --load-cookies "$cookies_file" --keep-session-cookies )

function mywget {
    log "#!!!!!!!!!# WGET #!!!!!!!!!# wget $quiet $useragent $load_cookies_cmd $@"
    wget "$user_agent" "${load_cookies_opts[@]}" "$@"
}

请注意,在 wget 调用中,"$user_agent"引用了 。这一点至关重要。

答案2

问题在于扩展的顺序(man bash详细信息请参阅 EXPANSION )。当变量展开时,变量内的双引号不能用作双引号:

$ a='1 "2 3" 4' ; for b in $a ; do echo $b ; done
1
"2
3"
4

请注意,使用“$b”对您没有帮助。

使用数组,这样你就可以让 bash 完成艰苦的工作,并且你可以忘记引用和转义:

$ a=(1 '2 3' 4) ; for b in "${a[@]}" ; do echo $b ; done
1
2 3
4

答案3

    mywget() ( echo log "wget $quiet \
                         userstring=${userstring:-unset} \
                         cookies=${cookies:-no} $@"
            echo wget ${userstring:+--useragent="$userstring"} \
                    ${cookies:+--${cookies}-cookies \
                    "$cookies_file" --keep-session-cookies} "$@"
    ) <<-PARAMS
            ${DQ=$(printf \\042)}
            ${NL=
}
            ${userstring="${DQ}Mozilla/5.0 \
                (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:27.0) \
                Gecko/20100101 Firefox/27.0${DQ}"}
            ${cookies_file="/tmp/wget-cookies.txt"}
            ${cookies=save}
    PARAMS

请原谅我,但我冒昧地parameterizing你的职能。因为值在PARAMS将要仅有的设置一个未设置的变量,您可以非常轻松地覆盖它们的值 - 它允许您设置合理的默认值,但仍然可以根据需要更改每个函数调用的值。例如,在上面的函数中,我将所有值设置为echo这是按原样运行时的输出:

log wget  userstring="Mozilla/5.0 \
    (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:27.0) \
    Gecko/20100101 Firefox/27.0" \
    cookies=save
wget --useragent="Mozilla/5.0 \
    (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:27.0) \
    Gecko/20100101 Firefox/27.0" \
    --save-cookies /tmp/wget-cookies.txt \
    --keep-session-cookies

但如果我设置"$userstring"NULL:

    userstring= mywget
log wget  userstring=unset cookies=save
wget --save-cookies /tmp/wget-cookies.txt --keep-session-cookies

或者:

    cookies=load cookies_file=/some/other/cookie.file mywget
log wget  userstring="Mozilla/5.0 \
    (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:27.0) \
    Gecko/20100101 Firefox/27.0" \
    cookies=load
wget --useragent="Mozilla/5.0 \
    (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:27.0) \
    Gecko/20100101 Firefox/27.0" \
    --load-cookies /some/other/cookie.file \
    --keep-session-cookies

或者:

    cookies= userstring= mywget
log wget  userstring=unset cookies=no
wget

我写过更多关于parameter expansion 这里这里

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