我是构建 rpm 包的新手。为了为我的二进制文件创建 RPM，我有以下依赖项：
[tejas@target]$ ldd exe
linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007fff85bff000)
libQtWebKit.so.4 => /opt/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/4.8.0/gcc/lib/libQtWebKit.so.4 (0x00007f868c4e8000)
libphonon.so.4 => /opt/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/4.8.0/gcc/lib/libphonon.so.4 (0x00007f868c288000)
libQtScript.so.4 => /opt/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/4.8.0/gcc/lib/libQtScript.so.4 (0x00007f868bdd3000)
libQt3Support.so.4 => /opt/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/4.8.0/gcc/lib/libQt3Support.so.4 (0x00007f868b8b5000)
libQtSql.so.4 => /opt/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/4.8.0/gcc/lib/libQtSql.so.4 (0x00007f868b66f000)
libQtXml.so.4 => /opt/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/4.8.0/gcc/lib/libQtXml.so.4 (0x00007f868b426000)
libQtGui.so.4 => /opt/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/4.8.0/gcc/lib/libQtGui.so.4 (0x00007f868a6c7000)
libQtNetwork.so.4 => /opt/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/4.8.0/gcc/lib/libQtNetwork.so.4 (0x00007f868a369000)
libQtCore.so.4 => /opt/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/4.8.0/gcc/lib/libQtCore.so.4 (0x00007f8689e72000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x0000003cd2200000)
libqwt.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libqwt.so.6 (0x00007f8689b4e000)
libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 (0x0000003cd8200000)
libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x0000003cd1a00000)
libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib64/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x0000003cd7e00000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x0000003cd1600000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x0000003cd1e00000)
libXrender.so.1 => /usr/lib64/libXrender.so.1 (0x000000373ba00000)
libgio-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libgio-2.0.so.0 (0x00000030aa000000)
libgstapp-0.10.so.0 => /usr/lib64/libgstapp-0.10.so.0 (0x00000034f2e00000)
libgstinterfaces-0.10.so.0 => /usr/lib64/libgstinterfaces-0.10.so.0 (0x00000034f0e00000)
libgstpbutils-0.10.so.0 => /usr/lib64/libgstpbutils-0.10.so.0 (0x00000034f1a00000)
libgstvideo-0.10.so.0 => /usr/lib64/libgstvideo-0.10.so.0 (0x00000034f2200000)
libgstbase-0.10.so.0 => /usr/lib64/libgstbase-0.10.so.0 (0x00000034f1e00000)
libgstreamer-0.10.so.0 => /usr/lib64/libgstreamer-0.10.so.0 (0x00000034f1600000)
libgobject-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libgobject-2.0.so.0 (0x00000030b1200000)
libgmodule-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libgmodule-2.0.so.0 (0x00000030a9800000)
libxml2.so.2 => /usr/lib64/libxml2.so.2 (0x0000003cdba00000)
libgthread-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libgthread-2.0.so.0 (0x00000030b4400000)
librt.so.1 => /lib64/librt.so.1 (0x0000003cd2a00000)
libglib-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0 (0x00000030b0e00000)
libfontconfig.so.1 => /usr/lib64/libfontconfig.so.1 (0x0000003cd5e00000)
libfreetype.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libfreetype.so.6 (0x0000003cd5a00000)
libXext.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libXext.so.6 (0x000000373b600000)
libX11.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libX11.so.6 (0x0000003e83600000)
libQtDBus.so.4 => /opt/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/4.8.0/gcc/lib/libQtDBus.so.4 (0x00007f86898c1000)
libpng12.so.0 => /usr/lib64/libpng12.so.0 (0x0000003cd5600000)
libz.so.1 => /lib64/libz.so.1 (0x0000003cd2600000)
libSM.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libSM.so.6 (0x000000373d200000)
libICE.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libICE.so.6 (0x0000003cdb200000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x0000003cd1200000)
libQtSvg.so.4 => /opt/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/4.8.0/gcc/lib/libQtSvg.so.4 (0x00007f8689662000)
libresolv.so.2 => /lib64/libresolv.so.2 (0x0000003cd3600000)
libselinux.so.1 => /lib64/libselinux.so.1 (0x0000003cd2e00000)
libexpat.so.1 => /lib64/libexpat.so.1 (0x0000003cd5200000)
libxcb.so.1 => /usr/lib64/libxcb.so.1 (0x0000003e82600000)
libuuid.so.1 => /lib64/libuuid.so.1 (0x0000003e83200000)
libXau.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libXau.so.6 (0x0000003e81e00000)
所以我检查了可以通过命令从哪个 rpm 获取这些库rpm -qf <library path>。
例如：
[tejas@target]$ rpm -qf /lib64/libpthread.so.0
glibc-2.12-1.80.el6_3.5.x86_64
我还检查了该库应该可用的最低版本。因此，我相应地制作了包含所有这些包的规范文件。
我的 .spec 文件是：
[tejas@target]$ cat /home/tejas/rpmbuild/SPECS/ModCMS-gdm.spec
Name: ModCMS-gdm
Version:1.0
Release:1
Summary:gdm
Group: ModCMS
License:WESEE
URL: http://wesee.org
Source0:ModCMS-gdm-1.0.tar.gz
Requires:dbus-libs >= 1.2.24
Requires:expat >= 2.0.1
Requires:fontconfig >= 2.8.0
Requires:freetype >= 2.3.11
Requires:glib2 >= 2.22.5
Requires:glibc >= 2.12
Requires:keyutils-libs >= 1.4
Requires:krb5-libs >= 1.8.2
Requires:libasyncns >= 0.8
Requires:libcom_err >= 1.41.12
Requires:libgcc >= 4.4.4
Requires:libICE >= 1.0.6
Requires:libpng >= 1.2.44
Requires:libqwt6 = 6.0.1
Requires:libselinux >= 2.0.94
Requires:libSM >= 1.1.0
Requires:libsndfile >= 1.0.20
Requires:libstdc++ >= 4.4.4
Requires:libuuid >= 2.17.2
Requires:libXau >= 1.0.5
Requires:libxcb >= 1.5
Requires:libXcursor >= 1.1.10
Requires:libXext >= 1.1
Requires:libXfixes >= 4.0.4
Requires:libXi >= 1.3
Requires:libXinerama >= 1.1
Requires:libXrandr >= 1.3.0
Requires:libXrender >= 0.9.5
Requires:libXtst >= 1.0.99.2
Requires:openssl >= 1.0.1e
Requires:pulseaudio-libs >= 0.9.21
Requires:qt48 >= 4.8.5
Requires:qt48-x11 >= 4.8.5
Requires:qtwebkit >= 2.0
Requires:sqlite >= 3.6.20
Requires:tcp_wrappers-libs >= 7.6
Requires:zlib >= 1.2.3
%description
This is Just to test various files allocation through rpm build
%prep
%setup -q
%install
mkdir -p "$RPM_BUILD_ROOT/root/ModCMS"
cp -r GDM.tar.gz "$RPM_BUILD_ROOT/root/ModCMS/"
%files
/root/ModCMS/GDM.tar.gz
%clean
rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT
%post
cd /root/ModCMS/
tar xzf GDM.tar.gz
现在我的问题是：
- 如何直接管理依赖库而不是 rpm？
- 是否有必要在必需字段中包含所有这些依赖项？
- 我如何最小化它们？
我已经搜索过，但找不到具体的解决方案。
答案1
这取决于。
如果您正在构建特定的发行版，则依赖其他 rpm 是可以的。
如果为不同的发行版构建，请使用库/文件名，因为包含该库的 rpm 名称可能不同。