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根据column1连接多行

tag-icon • tag-icon text-processing command-line awk join merge
根据column1连接多行

我有一个如下所示的文件..

abc, 12345
def, text and nos    
ghi, something else   
jkl, words and numbers

abc, 56345   
def, text and nos   
ghi, something else 
jkl, words and numbers

abc, 15475  
def, text and nos 
ghi, something else
jkl, words and numbers

abc, 123345
def, text and nos
ghi, something else  
jkl, words and numbers

我想将其转换（加入）为：

abc, 12345, 56345, 15475, 123345
def, text and nos, text and nos,text and nos,text and nos
ghi, something else, something else, something else, something else   
jkl, words and numbers, words and numbers, words and numbers, words and numbers

答案1

如果您不介意输出顺序：

$ awk -F',' 'NF>1{a[$1] = a[$1]","$2};END{for(i in a)print i""a[i]}' file 
jkl, words and numbers, words and numbers, words and numbers, words and numbers
abc, 12345, 56345, 15475, 123345
ghi, something else, something else, something else, something else
def, text and nos, text and nos, text and nos, text and nos

解释

  • NF>1这意味着我们只需要处理非空白行。
  • 我们将所有第一个字段保存在关联数组中a，键是第一个字段，值是第二个字段（或该行的其余部分）。如果键已经有值，我们将连接两个值。
  • 在END块中，我们循环遍历关联数组a，打印其所有键和相应的值。

或者使用perl将保持顺序：

$perl -F',' -anle 'next if /^$/;$h{$F[0]} = $h{$F[0]}.", ".$F[1];
    END{print $_,$h{$_},"\n" for sort keys %h}' file
abc, 12345, 56345, 15475, 123345

def, text and nos, text and nos, text and nos, text and nos

ghi, something else, something else, something else, something else

jkl, words and numbers, words and numbers, words and numbers, words and numbers

答案2

噢，这很简单。这是一个简单的版本，它保持键在文件中出现的顺序：

$ awk -F, '
    /.+/{
        if (!($1 in Val)) { Key[++i] = $1; }
        Val[$1] = Val[$1] "," $2; 
    }
    END{
        for (j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
            printf("%s %s\n%s", Key[j], Val[Key[j]], (j == i) ? "" : "\n");       
        }                                    
    }' file.txt

输出应如下所示：

abc, 12345, 56345, 15475, 123345

def, text and nos, text and nos, text and nos, text and nos

ghi, something else, something else, something else, something else

jkl, words and numbers, words and numbers, words and numbers, words and numbers

如果您不介意末尾有一个额外的空行，只需将该printf行替换为printf("%s %s\n\n", Key[j], Val[Key[j]]);

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