别名接口的多个默认网关

别名接口的多个默认网关

别名接口定义在/etc/网络/接口不能有多个默认网关。不幸的是我想使用相同的接口来访问2个不同的网络,并且我需要在同一接口上定义 2 个地址和 2 个网关。

该别名接口必须打开eth1接口因为以太网0在本地网络上使用。如果我只为主网关定义一个网关eth1接口,并手动route add default gw 1.2.3.4为别名做以太坊1:0有用。

我希望它在启动时正确设置自动地

这是我最后一次审判/etc/网络/接口:

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The external network interface, address on university internal network
auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
    address 172.x.y.33
    netmask 255.255.255.224
    network 172.x.y.32
    broadcast 172.x.y.63
    # dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
    dns-nameservers x.x.x.x
    dns-search mysite.org
    # multiple gateways are not allowed, so I try to add them like that:
    post-up route add default gw 172.x.y.62 metric 1
    pre-down route del default gw 172.x.y.62

# external interface with external world IP address
auto eth1:0
iface eth1:0 inet static
        address 1.2.3.1
        netmask 255.255.255.128
        network 1.2.3.0
        broadcast 1.2.3.128
    # dns on ensg dns
        dns-nameservers x.x.x.x
        dns-search mysite.org
        # multiple gateways are not allowed, so I try to add them like that:
    post-up route add default gw x.x.x.x metric 2
    pre-down route del default gw x.x.x.x

# internal network for my cluster
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
    address 10.1.1.1
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    network 10.1.1.0
    broadcast 10.1.1.255
    gateway 10.1.1.1
    # dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
    dns-nameservers 10.1.1.1 127.0.0.1
    dns-search cluster

但当我尝试带向上我得到的一个界面:

root@server:~# ifconfig eth1:0 up
SIOCSIFFLAGS: Cannot assign requested address

我自己无法找到进一步的解决方案,有人有想法吗?

谢谢,最诚挚的问候。

解决方案:

我最终是这样解决的:

# The primary network interface
auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
        address a.b.c.1
        netmask 255.255.255.128
        network a.b.c.0
        broadcast a.b.c.128
        # this is the interface with the default gateway!
        gateway a.b.c.126 
        dns-nameservers a.d.e.f
        dns-search mysite.org

auto eth1:0
iface eth1:0 inet static
    address 172.x.y.33
    netmask 255.255.255.224
    network 172.x.y.32
    broadcast 172.x.y.63
    # multiple gateways are not allowed, so we do it like that
    post-up route add -net 172.x.y.32 netmask 255.255.255.224 gw 172.x.y.62
    pre-down route del -net 172.x.y.32 netmask 255.255.255.224 gw 172.x.y.62



auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
    address 10.1.1.1
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    network 10.1.1.0
    broadcast 10.1.1.255
    # dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
    dns-nameservers 10.1.1.1 127.0.0.1
    dns-search cluster

答案1

此设置不应该起作用,因为别名接口不能在传统模式下拥有网关(又名/etc/network/interfaces::

https://wiki.debian.org/NetworkConfiguration#Legacy_method

别名接口不应包含“gateway”或“dns-nameservers”;允许动态 IP 分配。

如果您使用 ip 在 a 上定义此路由会怎么样post-up

ip route add default via x.x.x.x dev eth0:1

这里唯一的问题是,使用 iproute 您可能需要创建 2 条规则,每个链路一条规则,并设置优先级,同时保持默认表为空。 LARC 是你的朋友 -http://www.lartc.org/howto/lartc.rpdb.multiple-links.html

为什么使用iproute2而不是route?因为route, arp, ifconfig它的朋友是旧工具并且正在被淘汰已弃用,但一些发行版仍然提供它们。

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