我的显卡在安装了 Debian Jessie 和 Nvidia Geforce GTX 850M 的笔记本电脑上无法识别。
- 格文信息告诉我它使用带有 Intel (OpenGL 3.0) 的 Mesa DRI，而不是带有实际 GPU (OpenGL 4.4+) 的 Nouveau。
- Nvidia 检测找不到我的显卡。
- lspci将我的显卡识别为 3d 控制器，而网络告诉我它应该被识别为 VGA 控制器。
- 我试过熊蜂因为我很确定我的笔记本电脑包含 Optimus 的东西，但它没有改变任何东西。
如何让我的笔记本电脑识别我的 GPU？是etc配置文件的问题还是什么？我想坚持使用Nouveau 驱动程序。但是如果有一个“德比安“安装官方 Nvidia 驱动程序的方式（例如 apt-get），我会接受。
谢谢你，
这是一些新闻。我部分恢复了我的桌面。
- 我 apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-intel|nouveau|nvidia （是的，大家！）。
- 我没有删除xorg.conf产生于nvidia-xconf。
- 我只是将驱动程序“nvidia”更改为“intel”。
- 我小心翼翼地跟着来自 ArchLinux 社区的指南。我成功运行了 Bumblebee 并且我可以运行优化齿轮。但现在，我的桌面分辨率是 640x480，而不是 1280*1024。这可能是一个单独的问题。
这是我的 dpkg -l|grep nvidia
ii bumblebee-nvidia 3.2.1-7 amd64 NVIDIA Optimus support using the proprietary NVIDIA driver
ii glx-alternative-nvidia 0.5.1 amd64 allows the selection of NVIDIA as GLX provider
ii libegl1-nvidia:amd64 340.65-2 amd64 NVIDIA binary EGL libraries
ii libgl1-nvidia-glx:amd64 340.65-2 amd64 NVIDIA binary OpenGL libraries
ii libgl1-nvidia-glx:i386 340.65-2 i386 NVIDIA binary OpenGL libraries
ii libgl1-nvidia-glx-i386 340.65-2 i386 NVIDIA binary OpenGL 32-bit libraries
ii libgles1-nvidia:amd64 340.65-2 amd64 NVIDIA binary OpenGL|ES 1.x libraries
ii libgles2-nvidia:amd64 340.65-2 amd64 NVIDIA binary OpenGL|ES 2.x libraries
ii libnvidia-eglcore:amd64 340.65-2 amd64 NVIDIA binary EGL core libraries
ii libnvidia-ml1:amd64 340.65-2 amd64 NVIDIA Management Library (NVML) runtime library
ii nvidia-alternative 340.65-2 amd64 allows the selection of NVIDIA as GLX provider
ii nvidia-detect 340.65-2 amd64 NVIDIA GPU detection utility
ii nvidia-driver 340.65-2 amd64 NVIDIA metapackage
ii nvidia-driver-bin 340.65-2 amd64 NVIDIA driver support binaries
ii nvidia-installer-cleanup 20141201+1 amd64 cleanup after driver installation with the nvidia-installer
ii nvidia-kernel-common 20141201+1 amd64 NVIDIA binary kernel module support files
ii nvidia-kernel-dkms 340.65-2 amd64 NVIDIA binary kernel module DKMS source
ii nvidia-modprobe 340.46-1 amd64 utility to load NVIDIA kernel modules and create device nodes
ii nvidia-settings 340.46-2 amd64 tool for configuring the NVIDIA graphics driver
ii nvidia-support 20141201+1 amd64 NVIDIA binary graphics driver support files
ii nvidia-vdpau-driver:amd64 340.65-2 amd64 Video Decode and Presentation API for Unix - NVIDIA driver
ii nvidia-xconfig 340.46-1 amd64 X configuration tool for non-free NVIDIA drivers
ii xserver-xorg-video-nvidia 340.65-2 amd64 NVIDIA binary Xorg driver
链接到我的 xorg.conf 注意：该文件不在/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d中，而是直接在/etc/X11/中
答案1
海报上有一台 Nvidia Optimus 笔记本电脑。事实证明，根据熊蜂Debian Wiki 上的页面，您需要执行以下操作：
apt-get install bumblebee-nvidia primus
并删除任何现有的并防止 debconf在安装上述软件包期间xorg.conf创建.xorg.conf
@Spiralwise 证实这对他有用。
请注意 @Spiralwise：一旦安装了 Bumblebee-nvidia 和 Primus，需要使用 GPU 运行的软件必须像这样启动：primusrun my_program。
答案2
我遇到了同样的问题，这是我的设备（lspci）：
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation HD Graphics 5500 (rev 09)
04:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GM107M [GeForce 940M] (rev ff)
现在一切都很好，我在 Intel 和 NVidia 上运行良好，这就是我安装的，32 位是自动安装的，我不知道为什么
$ dpkg -l| grep nvidia
ii bumblebee-nvidia 3.2.1-14 amd64 NVIDIA Optimus support using the proprietary NVIDIA driver
ii glx-alternative-nvidia 0.7.4 amd64 allows the selection of NVIDIA as GLX provider
ii libegl-nvidia0:amd64 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA binary EGL library
ii libegl-nvidia0:i386 375.66-2~deb9u1 i386 NVIDIA binary EGL library
ii libegl1-glvnd-nvidia:amd64 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 Vendor neutral GL dispatch library -- libEGL
ii libegl1-glvnd-nvidia:i386 375.66-2~deb9u1 i386 Vendor neutral GL dispatch library -- libEGL
ii libgl1-glvnd-nvidia-glx:amd64 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 Vendor neutral GL dispatch library -- libGL
ii libgl1-glvnd-nvidia-glx:i386 375.66-2~deb9u1 i386 Vendor neutral GL dispatch library -- libGL
ii libgl1-nvidia-glvnd-glx:amd64 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA binary OpenGL/GLX library (GLVND variant)
ii libgl1-nvidia-glvnd-glx:i386 375.66-2~deb9u1 i386 NVIDIA binary OpenGL/GLX library (GLVND variant)
ii libgldispatch0-nvidia:amd64 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 Vendor neutral GL dispatch library -- libGLdispatch
ii libgldispatch0-nvidia:i386 375.66-2~deb9u1 i386 Vendor neutral GL dispatch library -- libGLdispatch
ii libgles-nvidia1:amd64 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA binary OpenGL|ES 1.x library
ii libgles-nvidia1:i386 375.66-2~deb9u1 i386 NVIDIA binary OpenGL|ES 1.x library
ii libgles-nvidia2:amd64 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA binary OpenGL|ES 2.x library
ii libgles-nvidia2:i386 375.66-2~deb9u1 i386 NVIDIA binary OpenGL|ES 2.x library
ii libgles1-glvnd-nvidia:amd64 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA binary OpenGL|ES 1.x GLVND stub library
ii libgles1-glvnd-nvidia:i386 375.66-2~deb9u1 i386 NVIDIA binary OpenGL|ES 1.x GLVND stub library
ii libgles2-glvnd-nvidia:amd64 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA binary OpenGL|ES 2.x GLVND stub library
ii libgles2-glvnd-nvidia:i386 375.66-2~deb9u1 i386 NVIDIA binary OpenGL|ES 2.x GLVND stub library
ii libglx-nvidia0:amd64 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA binary GLX library
ii libglx-nvidia0:i386 375.66-2~deb9u1 i386 NVIDIA binary GLX library
ii libglx0-glvnd-nvidia:amd64 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 Vendor neutral GL dispatch library -- libGLX
ii libglx0-glvnd-nvidia:i386 375.66-2~deb9u1 i386 Vendor neutral GL dispatch library -- libGLX
ii libnvidia-cfg1:amd64 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA binary OpenGL/GLX configuration library
ii libnvidia-cfg1:i386 375.66-2~deb9u1 i386 NVIDIA binary OpenGL/GLX configuration library
ii libnvidia-eglcore:amd64 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA binary EGL core libraries
ii libnvidia-eglcore:i386 375.66-2~deb9u1 i386 NVIDIA binary EGL core libraries
ii libnvidia-glcore:amd64 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA binary OpenGL/GLX core libraries
ii libnvidia-glcore:i386 375.66-2~deb9u1 i386 NVIDIA binary OpenGL/GLX core libraries
ii libnvidia-ml1:amd64 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA Management Library (NVML) runtime library
ii libopengl0-glvnd-nvidia:amd64 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 Vendor neutral GL dispatch library -- libOpenGL
ii libopengl0-glvnd-nvidia:i386 375.66-2~deb9u1 i386 Vendor neutral GL dispatch library -- libOpenGL
ii nvidia-alternative 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 allows the selection of NVIDIA as GLX provider
ii nvidia-detect 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA GPU detection utility
ii nvidia-driver 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA metapackage
ii nvidia-driver-bin 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA driver support binaries
ii nvidia-driver-libs:amd64 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA metapackage (OpenGL/GLX/EGL/GLES libraries)
ii nvidia-driver-libs:i386 375.66-2~deb9u1 i386 NVIDIA metapackage (OpenGL/GLX/EGL/GLES libraries)
ii nvidia-driver-libs-i386:i386 375.66-2~deb9u1 i386 NVIDIA metapackage (OpenGL/GLX/EGL/GLES 32-bit libraries)
ii nvidia-egl-common 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA binary EGL driver - common files
ii nvidia-egl-icd:amd64 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA EGL installable client driver (ICD)
ii nvidia-egl-icd:i386 375.66-2~deb9u1 i386 NVIDIA EGL installable client driver (ICD)
ii nvidia-installer-cleanup 20151021+4 amd64 cleanup after driver installation with the nvidia-installer
ii nvidia-kernel-common 20151021+4 amd64 NVIDIA binary kernel module support files
ii nvidia-kernel-dkms 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA binary kernel module DKMS source
ii nvidia-kernel-support 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA binary kernel module support files
ii nvidia-legacy-check 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 check for NVIDIA GPUs requiring a legacy driver
ii nvidia-modprobe 375.26-1 amd64 utility to load NVIDIA kernel modules and create device nodes
ii nvidia-persistenced 375.26-2 amd64 daemon to maintain persistent software state in the NVIDIA driver
ii nvidia-settings 375.66-1 amd64 tool for configuring the NVIDIA graphics driver
ii nvidia-support 20151021+4 amd64 NVIDIA binary graphics driver support files
ii nvidia-vdpau-driver:amd64 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 Video Decode and Presentation API for Unix - NVIDIA driver
ii nvidia-vulkan-common 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA Vulkan driver - common files
ii nvidia-vulkan-icd:amd64 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA Vulkan installable client driver (ICD)
ii nvidia-vulkan-icd:i386 375.66-2~deb9u1 i386 NVIDIA Vulkan installable client driver (ICD)
ii xserver-xorg-video-nvidia 375.66-2~deb9u1 amd64 NVIDIA binary Xorg driver