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如何获取 HTTPS 证书？

tag-icon • tag-icon linux https sed
如何获取 HTTPS 证书？

输入：

echo QUIT | openssl s_client -connect mail.google.com:443 | sed -ne '/BEGIN CERT/,/END CERT/p'

输出：

depth=2 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
verify return:1
depth=1 C = ZA, O = Thawte Consulting (Pty) Ltd., CN = Thawte SGC CA
verify return:1
depth=0 C = US, ST = California, L = Mountain View, O = Google Inc, CN = mail.google.com
verify return:1
DONE
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

关于：https://superuser.com/questions/284150/how-to-add-self-signed-certificates-to-different-browsers- 这是关于“-i [filename]”部分（如何生成文件）。

问：我怎样修改此一行程序以仅输出公钥？

答案1

只需2>&1在管道中添加 openssl 命令，使其将标准错误重定向到标准输出 - 您看到的输出实际上现在正在转到标准错误，因此 sed 不会按应有的方式处理它。这有效：

$ echo QUIT | openssl s_client -connect mail.google.com:443 2>&1| sed -ne '/BEGIN CERT/,/END CERT/p'
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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答案2

有很多方法可以做到这一点。根据具体情况，两种方法都可能更好。我认为最直接（如果不是最短）的方法就是：

... | (while read l ; do [ "$l" != "DONE" ] || break ; done ; cat)

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