问题本质上是如何在 FreeBSD 中编译使用 AddressSanitizer 的程序。
我使用 FreeBSD 10.0（64 位）。我正在尝试使用标志编译以下代码-fsanitize=address：
int main() {
return 0;
}
当我使用clangas进行编译时clang -fsanitize=address file.c，出现以下错误消息：
/tmp/t-tEh7oh.o: In function `main`:
file.c:(.text+0xc4): undefined reference to `__asan_report_store4`
/tmp/t-tEh7oh.o: In function `asan.module_ctor`:
file.c:(.text+0x119): undefined reference to `__asan_init_v3`
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
当我使用gcc48as进行编译时gcc48 -fsanitize=address file.c，出现以下错误消息：
/usr/local/bin/ld: cannot find -lasan
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
libasan.*在我的 GNU/Linux 系统中，文件系统中的某个位置有文件。但我无法在 FreeBSD 中找到它们 - 无论是在 中/usr/ports还是通过pkg。
我应该如何更好地使其发挥作用？
更新。响应评论，我添加了输出gcc48 -v（更准确地说，输出gcc48 -fsanitize=address file.c -v）：
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=gcc48
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/local/libexec/gcc48/gcc/x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/4.8.3/lto-wrapper
Target: x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0
Configured with: ./../gcc-4.8.3/configure --disable-bootstrap --disable-nls --enable-gnu-indirect-function --libdir=/usr/local/lib/gcc48 --libexecdir=/usr/local/libexec/gcc48 --program-suffix=48 --with-as=/usr/local/bin/as --with-gmp=/usr/local --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/local/lib/gcc48/include/c++/ --with-ld=/usr/local/bin/ld --with-pkgversion='FreeBSD Ports Collection' --with-system-zlib --with-ecj-jar=/usr/local/share/java/ecj-4.5.jar --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,fortran,java --prefix=/usr/local --mandir=/usr/local/man --infodir=/usr/local/info/gcc48 --build=x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.8.3 (FreeBSD Ports Collection)
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-fsanitize=address' '-v' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64'
/usr/local/libexec/gcc48/gcc/x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/4.8.3/cc1 -quiet -v file.c -quiet -dumpbase file.c -mtune=generic -march=x86-64 -auxbase t -version -fsanitize=address -o /tmp//ccjvAeJG.s
GNU C (FreeBSD Ports Collection) version 4.8.3 (x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0)
compiled by GNU C version 4.2.1 Compatible FreeBSD Clang 3.3 (tags/RELEASE_33/final 183502), GMP version 5.1.3, MPFR version 3.1.2, MPC version 1.0.2
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=98 --param ggc-min-heapsize=128184
ignoring nonexistent directory "/usr/local/lib/gcc48/gcc/x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/4.8.3/../../../../../x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
/usr/local/lib/gcc48/gcc/x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/4.8.3/include
/usr/local/include
/usr/local/lib/gcc48/gcc/x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/4.8.3/include-fixed
/usr/include
End of search list.
GNU C (FreeBSD Ports Collection) version 4.8.3 (x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0)
compiled by GNU C version 4.2.1 Compatible FreeBSD Clang 3.3 (tags/RELEASE_33/final 183502), GMP version 5.1.3, MPFR version 3.1.2, MPC version 1.0.2
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=98 --param ggc-min-heapsize=128184
Compiler executable checksum: 6bc4873e12afab16db5dd7bf12b3232f
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-fsanitize=address' '-v' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64'
/usr/local/bin/as -v -o /tmp//ccBydWt7.o /tmp//ccjvAeJG.s
GNU assembler version 2.24 (x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0) using BFD version (GNU Binutils) 2.24
COMPILER_PATH=/usr/local/libexec/gcc48/gcc/x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/4.8.3/:/usr/local/libexec/gcc48/gcc/x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/4.8.3/:/usr/local/libexec/gcc48/gcc/x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/:/usr/local/lib/gcc48/gcc/x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/4.8.3/:/usr/local/lib/gcc48/gcc/x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/:/usr/local/lib/gcc48/gcc/x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/4.8.3/../../../../../x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/bin/
LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib/gcc48/gcc/x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/4.8.3/:/usr/local/lib/gcc48/gcc/x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/4.8.3/../../../../../x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/lib/:/usr/local/lib/gcc48/gcc/x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/4.8.3/../../../:/lib/:/usr/lib/
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-fsanitize=address' '-v' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64'
/usr/local/libexec/gcc48/gcc/x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/4.8.3/collect2 --eh-frame-hdr -V -dynamic-linker /libexec/ld-elf.so.1 /usr/lib/crt1.o /usr/lib/crti.o /usr/local/lib/gcc48/gcc/x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/4.8.3/crtbegin.o -L/usr/local/lib/gcc48/gcc/x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/4.8.3 -L/usr/local/lib/gcc48/gcc/x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/4.8.3/../../../../../x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/lib -L/usr/local/lib/gcc48/gcc/x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/4.8.3/../../.. /tmp//ccBydWt7.o -lasan -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed -lc -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed /usr/local/lib/gcc48/gcc/x86_64-portbld-freebsd10.0/4.8.3/crtend.o /usr/lib/crtn.o
GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.24
Supported emulations:
elf_x86_64_fbsd
elf_i386_fbsd
elf_x86_64
elf_i386
elf_l1om
elf_l1om_fbsd
elf_k1om
elf_k1om_fbsd/usr/local/bin/ld: cannot find -lasan
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
答案1
尝试llvm37从端口使用。它默认在 AMD64 上构建消毒剂。