几个月前，我在一台装有 CentOS5 的 VPS 上配置了 Postfix 以进行电子邮件转发。我正在切换到专用的 Fedora 服务器，但似乎无法启动并运行 Postfix。我已经从另一台服务器复制了大部分配置（别名和虚拟文件，并将它们哈希化为 .db 文件，以及来自 的设置main.cf）。如果我执行ps -aux，新服务器将运行与旧服务器相同的所有服务。
我已经将其中一个域（我实际上并未使用它）更改为在区域文件的 MX 条目中使用新服务器，但测试邮件根本没有发送出去。
我不知道从哪里开始找出问题所在。邮件服务器让我很困惑。
我知道这一切似乎有点模糊。我不想不必要地发布每一个配置参数，所以请告诉我解决这个问题需要什么，我很乐意提供帮助。
编辑：最初，我没有安装 cyrus-imapd。这个问题已经解决了（感谢 quanta），但现在我仍然收不到通过服务器路由的邮件，而且从服务器发送的邮件被发送了两次。
根据请求：Postconf：
d_maps =
smtp_pix_workaround_threshold_time = 500s
smtp_pix_workarounds = disable_esmtp,delay_dotcrlf
smtp_quit_timeout = 300s
smtp_quote_rfc821_envelope = yes
smtp_randomize_addresses = yes
smtp_rcpt_timeout = 300s
smtp_reply_filter =
smtp_rset_timeout = 20s
smtp_sasl_auth_cache_name =
smtp_sasl_auth_cache_time = 90d
smtp_sasl_auth_enable = no
smtp_sasl_auth_soft_bounce = yes
smtp_sasl_mechanism_filter =
smtp_sasl_password_maps =
smtp_sasl_path =
smtp_sasl_security_options = noplaintext, noanonymous
smtp_sasl_tls_security_options = $smtp_sasl_security_options
smtp_sasl_tls_verified_security_options = $smtp_sasl_tls_security_options
smtp_sasl_type = cyrus
smtp_send_xforward_command = no
smtp_sender_dependent_authentication = no
smtp_skip_5xx_greeting = yes
smtp_skip_quit_response = yes
smtp_starttls_timeout = 300s
smtp_tls_CAfile =
smtp_tls_CApath =
smtp_tls_block_early_mail_reply = no
smtp_tls_cert_file =
smtp_tls_ciphers = export
smtp_tls_dcert_file =
smtp_tls_dkey_file = $smtp_tls_dcert_file
smtp_tls_eccert_file =
smtp_tls_eckey_file = $smtp_tls_eccert_file
smtp_tls_enforce_peername = yes
smtp_tls_exclude_ciphers =
smtp_tls_fingerprint_cert_match =
smtp_tls_fingerprint_digest = md5
smtp_tls_key_file = $smtp_tls_cert_file
smtp_tls_loglevel = 0
smtp_tls_mandatory_ciphers = medium
smtp_tls_mandatory_exclude_ciphers =
smtp_tls_mandatory_protocols = SSLv3, TLSv1
smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer = no
smtp_tls_per_site =
smtp_tls_policy_maps =
smtp_tls_protocols = !SSLv2
smtp_tls_scert_verifydepth = 9
smtp_tls_secure_cert_match = nexthop, dot-nexthop
smtp_tls_security_level =
smtp_tls_session_cache_database =
smtp_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s
smtp_tls_verify_cert_match = hostname
smtp_use_tls = no
smtp_xforward_timeout = 300s
smtpd_authorized_verp_clients = $authorized_verp_clients
smtpd_authorized_xclient_hosts =
smtpd_authorized_xforward_hosts =
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name
smtpd_client_connection_count_limit = 50
smtpd_client_connection_rate_limit = 0
smtpd_client_event_limit_exceptions = ${smtpd_client_connection_limit_exceptions:$mynetworks}
smtpd_client_message_rate_limit = 0
smtpd_client_new_tls_session_rate_limit = 0
smtpd_client_port_logging = no
smtpd_client_recipient_rate_limit = 0
smtpd_client_restrictions =
smtpd_command_filter =
smtpd_data_restrictions =
smtpd_delay_open_until_valid_rcpt = yes
smtpd_delay_reject = yes
smtpd_discard_ehlo_keyword_address_maps =
smtpd_discard_ehlo_keywords =
smtpd_end_of_data_restrictions =
smtpd_enforce_tls = no
smtpd_error_sleep_time = 1s
smtpd_etrn_restrictions =
smtpd_expansion_filter = \t\40!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~
smtpd_forbidden_commands = CONNECT GET POST
smtpd_hard_error_limit = ${stress?1}${stress:20}
smtpd_helo_required = no
smtpd_helo_restrictions =
smtpd_history_flush_threshold = 100
smtpd_junk_command_limit = ${stress?1}${stress:100}
smtpd_milters =
smtpd_noop_commands =
smtpd_null_access_lookup_key = <>
smtpd_peername_lookup = yes
smtpd_policy_service_max_idle = 300s
smtpd_policy_service_max_ttl = 1000s
smtpd_policy_service_timeout = 100s
smtpd_proxy_ehlo = $myhostname
smtpd_proxy_filter =
smtpd_proxy_options =
smtpd_proxy_timeout = 100s
smtpd_recipient_limit = 1000
smtpd_recipient_overshoot_limit = 1000
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated,permit_mynetworks,reject_unauth_destination
smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient = yes
smtpd_reject_unlisted_sender = no
smtpd_restriction_classes =
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = no
smtpd_sasl_exceptions_networks =
smtpd_sasl_local_domain =
smtpd_sasl_path = smtpd
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
smtpd_sasl_tls_security_options = $smtpd_sasl_security_options
smtpd_sasl_type = cyrus
smtpd_sender_login_maps =
smtpd_sender_restrictions =
smtpd_soft_error_limit = 10
smtpd_starttls_timeout = 300s
smtpd_timeout = ${stress?10}${stress:300}s
smtpd_tls_CAfile = ${config_directory}/ssl/cacert.pem
smtpd_tls_CApath =
smtpd_tls_always_issue_session_ids = yes
smtpd_tls_ask_ccert = no
smtpd_tls_auth_only = no
smtpd_tls_ccert_verifydepth = 9
smtpd_tls_cert_file = ${config_directory}/ssl/cert.csr
smtpd_tls_ciphers = export
smtpd_tls_dcert_file =
smtpd_tls_dh1024_param_file =
smtpd_tls_dh512_param_file =
smtpd_tls_dkey_file = $smtpd_tls_dcert_file
smtpd_tls_eccert_file =
smtpd_tls_eckey_file = $smtpd_tls_eccert_file
smtpd_tls_eecdh_grade = none
smtpd_tls_exclude_ciphers =
smtpd_tls_fingerprint_digest = md5
smtpd_tls_key_file = ${config_directory}/ssl/privkey.pem
smtpd_tls_loglevel = 3
smtpd_tls_mandatory_ciphers = medium
smtpd_tls_mandatory_exclude_ciphers =
smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols = SSLv3, TLSv1
smtpd_tls_protocols =
smtpd_tls_received_header = yes
smtpd_tls_req_ccert = no
smtpd_tls_security_level =
smtpd_tls_session_cache_database =
smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s
smtpd_tls_wrappermode = no
smtpd_use_tls = yes
soft_bounce = no
stale_lock_time = 500s
stress =
strict_7bit_headers = no
strict_8bitmime = no
strict_8bitmime_body = no
strict_mailbox_ownership = yes
strict_mime_encoding_domain = no
strict_rfc821_envelopes = no
sun_mailtool_compatibility = no
swap_bangpath = yes
syslog_facility = mail
syslog_name = ${multi_instance_name:postfix}${multi_instance_name?$multi_instance_name}
tcp_windowsize = 0
tls_append_default_CA = no
tls_daemon_random_bytes = 32
tls_eecdh_strong_curve = prime256v1
tls_eecdh_ultra_curve = secp384r1
tls_export_cipherlist = ALL:+RC4:@STRENGTH
tls_high_cipherlist = ALL:!EXPORT:!LOW:!MEDIUM:+RC4:@STRENGTH
tls_low_cipherlist = ALL:!EXPORT:+RC4:@STRENGTH
tls_medium_cipherlist = ALL:!EXPORT:!LOW:+RC4:@STRENGTH
tls_null_cipherlist = eNULL:!aNULL
tls_random_bytes = 32
tls_random_exchange_name = /var/run/prng_exch
tls_random_prng_update_period = 3600s
tls_random_reseed_period = 3600s
tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom
trace_service_name = trace
transport_maps =
transport_retry_time = 60s
trigger_timeout = 10s
undisclosed_recipients_header = To: undisclosed-recipients:;
unknown_address_reject_code = 450
unknown_address_tempfail_action = $reject_tempfail_action
unknown_client_reject_code = 450
unknown_helo_hostname_tempfail_action = $reject_tempfail_action
unknown_hostname_reject_code = 450
unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550
unknown_relay_recipient_reject_code = 550
unknown_virtual_alias_reject_code = 550
unknown_virtual_mailbox_reject_code = 550
unverified_recipient_defer_code = 450
unverified_recipient_reject_code = 450
unverified_recipient_reject_reason =
unverified_recipient_tempfail_action = $reject_tempfail_action
unverified_sender_defer_code = 450
unverified_sender_reject_code = 450
unverified_sender_reject_reason =
unverified_sender_tempfail_action = $reject_tempfail_action
verp_delimiter_filter = -=+
virtual_alias_domains = blanchardscoffee.com, turnleftllc.com, tscarberrymechanical.com, cheatatjoes.com, hyfiv.com, limnprint.com
virtual_alias_expansion_limit = 1000
virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual
virtual_alias_recursion_limit = 1000
virtual_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit = $default_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit
virtual_destination_concurrency_limit = $default_destination_concurrency_limit
virtual_destination_concurrency_negative_feedback = $default_destination_concurrency_negative_feedback
virtual_destination_concurrency_positive_feedback = $default_destination_concurrency_positive_feedback
virtual_destination_rate_delay = $default_destination_rate_delay
virtual_destination_recipient_limit = $default_destination_recipient_limit
virtual_gid_maps =
virtual_initial_destination_concurrency = $initial_destination_concurrency
virtual_mailbox_base =
virtual_mailbox_domains = hash:${config_directory}/virtual_domains
virtual_mailbox_limit = 51200000
virtual_mailbox_lock = fcntl, dotlock
virtual_mailbox_maps = ${virtual_alias_maps}
virtual_minimum_uid = 100
virtual_transport = lmtp:unix:/var/lib/imap/socket/lmtp
virtual_uid_maps =
Mailllog 片段显示通过 php 发送邮件的路线：
Oct 17 15:50:27 ip-72-167-39-231 postfix/pickup[1486]: 1F1BB1084039: uid=0 from=<root>
Oct 17 15:50:27 ip-72-167-39-231 postfix/cleanup[2547]: 1F1BB1084039: message-id=<[email protected]>
Oct 17 15:50:27 ip-72-167-39-231 postfix/qmgr[1487]: 1F1BB1084039: from=<[email protected]>, size=419, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Oct 17 15:50:27 ip-72-167-39-231 postfix/smtp[2550]: 1F1BB1084039: to=<[email protected]>, relay=s2smtpout.secureserver.net[208.109.80.210]:25, delay=0.17, delays=0.03/0/0.06/0.07, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 Accepted message qp 24188 bytes 598)
Oct 17 15:50:27 ip-72-167-39-231 postfix/qmgr[1487]: 1F1BB1084039: removed
答案1
如果您想使用 Cyrus-IMAP，只需安装cyrus-imapd包：
# yum -y install cyrus-imapd
# /etc/init.d/cyrus-imapd start
Importing cyrus-imapd databases: [ OK ]
Starting cyrus-imapd: [ OK ]
它将创建/var/lib/imap/socket/具有正确权限的文件夹：
srwxrwxrwx 1 cyrus mail 0 Oct 19 00:21 idle
-rw------- 1 cyrus mail 0 Oct 19 00:21 imap-0.lock
-rw------- 1 cyrus mail 0 Oct 19 00:21 imap-1.lock
-rw------- 1 cyrus mail 0 Oct 19 00:21 imaps-0.lock
-rw------- 1 cyrus mail 0 Oct 19 00:21 imaps-1.lock
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 19 00:21 lmtp
-rw------- 1 cyrus mail 0 Oct 19 00:21 lmtpunix-0.lock
-rw------- 1 cyrus mail 0 Oct 19 00:21 pop3-0.lock
-rw------- 1 cyrus mail 0 Oct 19 00:21 pop3-1.lock
-rw------- 1 cyrus mail 0 Oct 19 00:21 pop3s-0.lock
-rw------- 1 cyrus mail 0 Oct 19 00:21 pop3s-1.lock
如果你不想，只需注释掉以下几行/etc/postfix/main.cf：
#mailbox_transport = lmtp:unix:/file/name
#mailbox_transport = cyrus
#mailbox_transport = lmtp:unix:/var/imap/socket/lmtp