我在这里寻求帮助，我花了好几个小时在这个网站上搜索帖子，也在谷歌上尝试找出问题所在，并试图解决我的问题，但没有取得多大成功。我有以下设置。我们托管在 Linode.com。
(1) - 一个负载均衡器以最少的连接数执行循环调度，连接到以下两个节点 (2) - 2GB 节点，每个节点运行 Nginx + php-fpm + APC，并通过本地 IP 地址连接到专用机器上运行的另一个 mySQL 实例。每个节点都有 (4) 个专用核心。
我在每个节点上运行一个 worpdess 站点，基本上每个节点都运行相同 wordpress PHP 代码的相同副本。
一切都在正常运行，但 CPU 负载非常高，我们正在对节点进行以下平均负载：
节点 1：平均负载：4.11 3.84 3.95 节点 2：平均负载：4.20 3.94 4.95
为什么核心会激增并承受负载。整个网站每天在 (2) 个节点上平衡收到大约 210 万个请求。
这是 nginx 配置或 php-fpm 问题，还是只是需要添加一两个节点的问题？
提前感谢你的帮助。戴夫
我的 nginx.conf
[ddavtian@mobilefood-1 nginx]$ more nginx.conf
#######################################################################
#
# This is the main Nginx configuration file.
#
# More information about the configuration options is available on
# * the English wiki - http://wiki.nginx.org/Main
# * the Russian documentation - http://sysoev.ru/nginx/
#
#######################################################################
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Main Module - directives that cover basic functionality
#
# http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxHttpMainModule
#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
user nginx;
worker_processes 4;
worker_rlimit_nofile 30000;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
#error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
#error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log info;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Events Module
#
# http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxHttpEventsModule
#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
# HTTP Core Module
#
# http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxHttpCoreModule
#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 15;
#gzip on;
# Load config files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory
# The default server is in conf.d/default.conf
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
我的 fastcgi_params
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx/$nginx_version;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 60;
fastcgi_send_timeout 180;
fastcgi_read_timeout 180;
fastcgi_buffer_size 128k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 256k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;
我的 default.conf
[ddavtian@mobilefood-1 conf.d]$ 更多 default.conf
#
# The default server
#
server {
listen 80;
server_name mobilefoodblog.com;
#charset koi8-r;
access_log off;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location /nginx_status {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
allow 67.180.226.49;
deny all;
}
location / {
root /var/www/html/blog;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?q=$uri&$args;
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /404.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
location ~ \.php$ {
root /var/www/html/blog;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/html/blog$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
set_real_ip_from 192.168.255.0/24;
real_ip_header X-Forwarded-For;
}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
我的 php-fpm.conf
[ddavtian@mobilefood-1 conf.d]$ 更多 default.conf
#
# The default server
#
server {
listen 80;
server_name mobilefoodblog.com;
#charset koi8-r;
access_log off;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location /nginx_status {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
allow 67.180.226.49;
deny all;
}
location / {
root /var/www/html/blog;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?q=$uri&$args;
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /404.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
location ~ \.php$ {
root /var/www/html/blog;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/html/blog$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
set_real_ip_from 192.168.255.0/24;
real_ip_header X-Forwarded-For;
}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
我的 php-fpm.conf
[ddavtian@mobilefood-1 php-fpm.d]更多 www.conf
; Start a new pool named 'www'.
[www]
; The address on which to accept FastCGI requests.
; Valid syntaxes are:
; 'ip.add.re.ss:port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific address on
; a specific port;
; 'port' - to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses on a
; specific port;
; '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
; Set listen(2) backlog. A value of '-1' means unlimited.
; Default Value: -1
;listen.backlog = -1
; List of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients which are allowed to connect.
; Equivalent to the FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment variable in the original
; PHP FCGI (5.2.2+). Makes sense only with a tcp listening socket. Each address
; must be separated by a comma. If this value is left blank, connections will be
; accepted from any ip address.
; Default Value: any
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
; Set permissions for unix socket, if one is used. In Linux, read/write
; permissions must be set in order to allow connections from a web server. Many
; BSD-derived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.
; Default Values: user and group are set as the running user
; mode is set to 0666
;listen.owner = nobody
;listen.group = nobody
;listen.mode = 0666
; Unix user/group of processes
; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group
; will be used.
; RPM: apache Choosed to be able to access some dir as httpd
user = apache
; RPM: Keep a group allowed to write in log dir.
group = apache
; Choose how the process manager will control the number of child processes.
; Possible Values:
; static - a fixed number (pm.max_children) of child processes;
; dynamic - the number of child processes are set dynamically based on the
; following directives:
; pm.max_children - the maximum number of children that can
; be alive at the same time.
; pm.start_servers - the number of children created on startup.
; pm.min_spare_servers - the minimum number of children in 'idle'
; state (waiting to process). If the number
; of 'idle' processes is less than this
; number then some children will be created.
; pm.max_spare_servers - the maximum number of children in 'idle'
; state (waiting to process). If the number
; of 'idle' processes is greater than this
; number then some children will be killed.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm = dynamic
; The number of child processes to be created when pm is set to 'static' and the
; maximum number of child processes to be created when pm is set to 'dynamic'.
; This value sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be
; served. Equivalent to the ApacheMaxClients directive with mpm_prefork.
; Equivalent to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment variable in the original PHP
; CGI.
; Note: Used when pm is set to either 'static' or 'dynamic'
; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm.max_children = 60
; The number of child processes created on startup.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Default Value: min_spare_servers + (max_spare_servers - min_spare_servers) / 2
pm.start_servers = 10
; The desired minimum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
; The desired maximum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
; The number of requests each child process should execute before respawning.
; This can be useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For
; endless request processing specify '0'. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS.
; Default Value: 0
;pm.max_requests = 500
; The URI to view the FPM status page. If this value is not set, no URI will be
; recognized as a status page. By default, the status page shows the following
; information:
; accepted conn - the number of request accepted by the pool;
; pool - the name of the pool;
; process manager - static or dynamic;
; idle processes - the number of idle processes;
; active processes - the number of active processes;
; total processes - the number of idle + active processes.
; The values of 'idle processes', 'active processes' and 'total processes' are
; updated each second. The value of 'accepted conn' is updated in real time.
; Example output:
; accepted conn: 12073
; pool: www
; process manager: static
; idle processes: 35
; active processes: 65
; total processes: 100
; By default the status page output is formatted as text/plain. Passing either
; 'html' or 'json' as a query string will return the corresponding output
; syntax. Example:
; http://www.foo.bar/status
; http://www.foo.bar/status?json
; http://www.foo.bar/status?html
; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be
; anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it
; may conflict with a real PHP file.
; Default Value: not set
;pm.status_path = /status
; The ping URI to call the monitoring page of FPM. If this value is not set, no
; URI will be recognized as a ping page. This could be used to test from outside
; that FPM is alive and responding, or to
; - create a graph of FPM availability (rrd or such);
; - remove a server from a group if it is not responding (load balancing);
; - trigger alerts for the operating team (24/7).
; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be
; anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it
; may conflict with a real PHP file.
; Default Value: not set
;ping.path = /ping
; This directive may be used to customize the response of a ping request. The
; response is formatted as text/plain with a 200 response code.
; Default Value: pong
;ping.response = pong
; The timeout for serving a single request after which the worker process will
; be killed. This option should be used when the 'max_execution_time' ini option
; does not stop script execution for some reason. A value of '0' means 'off'.
; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Value: 0
;request_terminate_timeout = 0
; The timeout for serving a single request after which a PHP backtrace will be
; dumped to the 'slowlog' file. A value of '0s' means 'off'.
; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Value: 0
;request_slowlog_timeout = 0
; The log file for slow requests
; Default Value: not set
; Note: slowlog is mandatory if request_slowlog_timeout is set
slowlog = /var/log/php-fpm/www-slow.log
; Set open file descriptor rlimit.
; Default Value: system defined value
;rlimit_files = 1024
; Set max core size rlimit.
; Possible Values: 'unlimited' or an integer greater or equal to 0
; Default Value: system defined value
;rlimit_core = 0
; Chroot to this directory at the start. This value must be defined as an
; absolute path. When this value is not set, chroot is not used.
; Note: chrooting is a great security feature and should be used whenever
; possible. However, all PHP paths will be relative to the chroot
; (error_log, sessions.save_path, ...).
; Default Value: not set
;chroot =
; Chdir to this directory at the start. This value must be an absolute path.
; Default Value: current directory or / when chroot
;chdir = /var/www
; Redirect worker stdout and stderr into main error log. If not set, stdout and
; stderr will be redirected to /dev/null according to FastCGI specs.
; Default Value: no
;catch_workers_output = yes
; Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH. All $VARIABLEs are taken from
; the current environment.
; Default Value: clean env
;env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME
;env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
;env[TMP] = /tmp
;env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
;env[TEMP] = /tmp
; Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers. These settings
; overwrite the values previously defined in the php.ini. The directives are the
; same as the PHP SAPI:
; php_value/php_flag - you can set classic ini defines which can
; be overwritten from PHP call 'ini_set'.
; php_admin_value/php_admin_flag - these directives won't be overwritten by
; PHP call 'ini_set'
; For php_*flag, valid values are on, off, 1, 0, true, false, yes or no.
; Defining 'extension' will load the corresponding shared extension from
; extension_dir. Defining 'disable_functions' or 'disable_classes' will not
; overwrite previously defined php.ini values, but will append the new value
; instead.
; Default Value: nothing is defined by default except the values in php.ini and
; specified at startup with the -d argument
;php_admin_value[sendmail_path] = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i -f [email protected]
;php_flag[display_errors] = off
php_admin_value[error_log] = /var/log/php-fpm/www-error.log
php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on
;php_admin_value[memory_limit] = 32M
更新 1：添加 htop 的输出，显示 php-fpm 消耗了大部分 CPU，并且该框没有使用太多内存或交换
更新 2：这是 htop 的最新快照，现在流量越来越大，CPU 使用率也越来越高。我甚至还安装了 memcached，但到目前为止还没有看到任何改善。
1 [|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||85.5%] Tasks: 62, 9 thr; 18 running
2 [||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| 72.7%] Load average: 6.18 5.46 4.23
3 [|||||||||||||||||||||||||| 57.0%] Uptime: 2 days, 03:40:49
4 [||||||||||||||||||||||| 52.0%]
Mem[||||||||||||||||||| 463/1997MB]
Swp[ 0/2047MB]
PID USER PRI NI VIRT RES SHR S CPU% MEM% TIME+ Command
28892 apache 20 0 511M 33864 21484 R 9.0 1.7 0:52.62 php-fpm: pool www
28972 apache 20 0 511M 33808 21188 R 9.0 1.7 0:30.08 php-fpm: pool www
28918 apache 20 0 510M 32512 20544 R 8.0 1.6 0:52.00 php-fpm: pool www
28899 apache 20 0 510M 29320 17488 S 8.0 1.4 0:52.53 php-fpm: pool www
28900 apache 20 0 510M 29280 17492 S 8.0 1.4 0:52.60 php-fpm: pool www
28919 apache 20 0 510M 29512 17568 R 8.0 1.4 0:51.53 php-fpm: pool www
28914 apache 20 0 510M 29300 17468 R 8.0 1.4 0:52.12 php-fpm: pool www
28971 apache 20 0 510M 32648 20868 R 8.0 1.6 0:31.66 php-fpm: pool www
28904 apache 20 0 512M 38544 25284 R 8.0 1.9 0:51.70 php-fpm: pool www
28916 apache 20 0 511M 33636 21092 R 8.0 1.6 0:51.89 php-fpm: pool www
28905 apache 20 0 510M 29868 18108 S 8.0 1.5 0:52.06 php-fpm: pool www
28898 apache 20 0 512M 38608 25156 S 7.0 1.9 0:52.57 php-fpm: pool www
28891 apache 20 0 512M 34824 21420 R 7.0 1.7 0:52.73 php-fpm: pool www
28912 apache 20 0 510M 32724 20904 R 7.0 1.6 0:52.14 php-fpm: pool www
28894 apache 20 0 512M 34280 21388 S 7.0 1.7 0:53.14 php-fpm: pool www
11744 apache 20 0 508M 28104 16648 S 0.0 1.4 0:08.72 php-fpm: pool www