Debian Apache 配置

Question

更新，好的，这是我的新站点可用配置文件 Apache 将无法启动。

#
#Document root
#
<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/var/www"
    <Directory "/var/www">
        allow from 192.168.11.0/24
        deny from all
        Options +Indexes
    </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

#
#Production simplyaccomplished.com
#
<VirtualHost *:80>
        ServerAdmin [email protected]
        ServerName www.simplyaccomplished.com
        DirectoryIndex index.php
        DocumentRoot "/var/www/simplyaccomplished/htdocs/"
    <Directory "/var/www/simplyaccomplished/htdocs/">
        allow from all
        Options +Indexes
    </Directory>
        # CGI Directory
        ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /var/www/simplyaccomplished/cgi-bin/
        <Location /cgi-bin>
                Options +ExecCGI
        </Location>
        # Logfiles
        ErrorLog /var/www/simplyaccomplished/logs/error.log
</VirtualHost>

#
#Production ssl simplyaccomplished.com
#
<VirtualHost *:443>
        ServerAdmin [email protected]
        ServerName www.simplyaccomplished.com
        DirectoryIndex index.php
        DocumentRoot "/var/www/simplyaccomplished/htdocs/"
    <Directory "/var/www/simplyaccomplished/htdocs/">
        allow from all
        Options +Indexes
    </Directory>

    SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/ssl/server.csr
    SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/server.crt
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/server.key

        # CGI Directory
        ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /var/www/simplyaccomplished/cgi-bin/
        <Location /cgi-bin>
                Options +ExecCGI
        </Location>
        # Logfiles
        ErrorLog /var/www/simplyaccomplished/logs/error.log
</VirtualHost>

#
#Production dining.simplyaccomplished.com
#
<VirtualHost *:80>
        ServerAdmin [email protected]
        ServerName www.dining.simplyaccomplished.com
        ServerAlias *.dining.simplyaccomplished.com
        DirectoryIndex index.php
        DocumentRoot "/var/www/dining/htdocs/"
        <Directory "/var/www/dining/htdocs/">
                allow from all
                Options +Indexes
        </Directory>
        # CGI Directory
        ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /var/www/dining/cgi-bin/
        <Location /cgi-bin>
                Options +ExecCGI
        </Location>
        # Logfiles
        ErrorLog /var/www/dining/logs/error.log
</VirtualHost>

#
#Production ssl dining.simplyaccomplished.com
#
<VirtualHost *:443>
        ServerAdmin [email protected]
        ServerName www.dining.simplyaccomplished.com
        ServerAlias *.dining.simplyaccomplished.com
        DirectoryIndex index.php
        DocumentRoot "/var/www/dining/htdocs/"
        <Directory "/var/www/dining/htdocs/">
                allow from all
                Options +Indexes
        </Directory>

    SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/ssl/server.csr
        SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/server.crt
        SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/server.key

        # CGI Directory
        ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /var/www/dining/cgi-bin/
        <Location /cgi-bin>
                Options +ExecCGI
        </Location>
        # Logfiles
        ErrorLog /var/www/dining/logs/error.log
</VirtualHost>

这是我的 ports.conf

# If you just change the port or add more ports here, you will likely also
# have to change the VirtualHost statement in
# /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default
# This is also true if you have upgraded from before 2.2.9-3 (i.e. from
# Debian etch). See /usr/share/doc/apache2.2-common/NEWS.Debian.gz and
# README.Debian.gz

NameVirtualHost *:80
Listen 80

<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
    # If you add NameVirtualHost *:443 here, you will also have to change
    # the VirtualHost statement in /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl
    # to <VirtualHost *:443>
    # Server Name Indication for SSL named virtual hosts is currently not
    # supported by MSIE on Windows XP.
    NameVirtualHost *:443
    Listen 443
</IfModule>

<IfModule mod_gnutls.c>

    Listen 443
</IfModule>

apache2.conf

#
# Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.
#
# This is the main Apache server configuration file.  It contains the
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
# See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/ for detailed information about
# the directives.
#
# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding
# what they do.  They're here only as hints or reminders.  If you are unsure
# consult the online docs. You have been warned.  
#
# The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:
#  1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a
#     whole (the 'global environment').
#  2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,
#     which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.
#     These directives also provide default values for the settings
#     of all virtual hosts.
#  3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to
#     different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the
#     same Apache server process.
#
# Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many
# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the
# server will use that explicit path.  If the filenames do *not* begin
# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "foo.log"
# with ServerRoot set to "/etc/apache2" will be interpreted by the
# server as "/etc/apache2/foo.log".
#

### Section 1: Global Environment
#
# The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,
# such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it
# can find its configuration files.
#

#
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
#
# NOTE!  If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)
# mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation (available
# at <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mpm_common.html#lockfile>);
# you will save yourself a lot of trouble.
#
# Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.
#
#ServerRoot "/etc/apache2"

#
# The accept serialization lock file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK.
#
LockFile ${APACHE_LOCK_DIR}/accept.lock

#
# PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process
# identification number when it starts.
# This needs to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars
#
PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE}

#
# Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.
#
Timeout 300

#
# KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than
# one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.
#
KeepAlive On

#
# MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow
# during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.
# We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.
#
MaxKeepAliveRequests 100

#
# KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the
# same client on the same connection.
#
KeepAliveTimeout 15

##
## Server-Pool Size Regulation (MPM specific)
## 

# prefork MPM
# StartServers: number of server processes to start
# MinSpareServers: minimum number of server processes which are kept spare
# MaxSpareServers: maximum number of server processes which are kept spare
# MaxClients: maximum number of server processes allowed to start
# MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves
<IfModule mpm_prefork_module>
    StartServers          5
    MinSpareServers       5
    MaxSpareServers      10
    MaxClients          150
    MaxRequestsPerChild   0
</IfModule>

# worker MPM
# StartServers: initial number of server processes to start
# MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections
# MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare
# MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare
# ThreadLimit: ThreadsPerChild can be changed to this maximum value during a
#              graceful restart. ThreadLimit can only be changed by stopping
#              and starting Apache.
# ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process
# MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves
<IfModule mpm_worker_module>
    StartServers          2
    MinSpareThreads      25
    MaxSpareThreads      75 
    ThreadLimit          64
    ThreadsPerChild      25
    MaxClients          150
    MaxRequestsPerChild   0
</IfModule>

# event MPM
# StartServers: initial number of server processes to start
# MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections
# MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare
# MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare
# ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process
# MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves
<IfModule mpm_event_module>
    StartServers          2
    MaxClients          150
    MinSpareThreads      25
    MaxSpareThreads      75 
    ThreadLimit          64
    ThreadsPerChild      25
    MaxRequestsPerChild   0
</IfModule>

# These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars
User ${APACHE_RUN_USER}
Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP}

#
# AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory
# for additional configuration directives.  See also the AllowOverride
# directive.
#

AccessFileName .htaccess

#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being 
# viewed by Web clients. 
#

#
# DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document
# if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.
# If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is
# a good value.  If most of your content is binary, such as applications
# or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to
# keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are
# text.
#
DefaultType text/plain


#
# HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses
# e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off).
# The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people
# had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that
# each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the
# nameserver.
#
HostNameLookups on

# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
# logged here.  If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
#
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log

#
# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
#
LogLevel warn

# Include module configuration:
Include mods-enabled/*.load
Include mods-enabled/*.conf

# Include all the user configurations:
Include httpd.conf

# Include ports listing
Include ports.conf

#
# The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
# a CustomLog directive (see below).
# If you are behind a reverse proxy, you might want to change %h into %{X-Forwarded-For}i
#
LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common
LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer
LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent

# Include of directories ignores editors' and dpkg's backup files,
# see README.Debian for details.

# Include generic snippets of statements
Include conf.d/

<Directory "/var/www/">
</Directory>

# Include the virtual host configurations:
Include /etc/apache2/sites-available/config.conf

这是我的钥匙的位置

root@bad-apple:/etc/apache2/ssl# ls -l
total 16
-r-------- 1 root root 1066 Feb  9 22:47 server.crt
-r-------- 1 root root  761 Feb  9 22:43 server.csr
-r-------- 1 root root  887 Feb  9 22:49 server.key
-r-------- 1 root root  963 Feb  9 22:48 server.key.secure

有人注意到我做了什么蠢事吗？更新忘记了 vhosts 文件中的 /etc/apache2/ssl，现已修复

[Thu Feb 09 23:03:49 2012] [error] Server should be SSL-aware but has no certificate configured [Hint: SSLCertificateFile] ((null):0)

Answer 1

所有 SSL 虚拟主机都需要显式“SSLEngine on”

Debian文档给你：

apache2（2.2.13-2）不稳定；紧急程度=高

* The new support for TLS Server Name Indication added in 2.2.12 causes
  Apache to be stricter about certain misconfigurations involving name
  based SSL virtual hosts. This may result in Apache refusing to start
  with the logged error message:

      Server should be SSL-aware but has no certificate configured
      [Hint: SSLCertificateFile]

  Up to 2.2.11, Apache accepted configurations where the necessary SSL
  configuration statements were included in the first (default)
  <Virtualhost *:443> block but not in subsequent <Virtualhost *:443>
  blocks. Starting with 2.2.12, every VirtualHost block used with SSL must
  contain the SSLEngine, SSLCertificateFile, and SSLCertificateKeyFile
  directives (SSLCertificateKeyFile is optional in some cases).

  When you encounter the above problem, the output of the command

      egrep -ir '^[^#]*(sslcertificate|sslengine|virtualhost)' \
          /etc/apache2/*conf* /etc/apache2/*enabled

  may be useful to determine which VirtualHost sections need to be changed.

  Also, formerly accidentially working constructs like

      <VirtualHost *:80 *:443>

  where one virtual host definition is used for both a non-ssl and a ssl
  virtual host do not work anymore. You can achieve a similar effect with

      <VirtualHost *:80>
      Include /.../vhost.include
      </VirtualHost>
      <VirtualHost *:443>
      SSLEngine on
      SSLCertificateFile ...
      Include /.../vhost.include
      </VirtualHost>

Answer 2

首先，VirtualHostIP 的第一个指令优先，因此它将覆盖 中的默认值apache2.conf。正如您为 IP 输入的一样*，这将成为 Apache 正在监听的每个地址的默认值。

要实现您的目标，请将DocumentRoot和Directory指令更改为/var/www，这将提供/var/www及其下的所有内容（例如您希望可用的目录）。然后，VirtualHost为您的每个应用程序创建单独的部分（例如 phpmyadmin）。

你可能会得到这样的结果：-

<VirtualHost *:80>
  DocumentRoot "/var/www"
  ServerName server.example.com
  <Directory "/var/www">
    Allow from all
    Options +Indexes
  </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>
  DocumentRoot "/var/www/phpmyadmin"
  ServerName phpmyadmin.example.com
  <Directory "/var/www/phpmyadmin">
    allow from all
    Options +Indexes
  </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>
  DocumentRoot "/var/www/simplyaccomplished"
  ServerName simplyaccomplished.example.com
  <Directory "/var/www/simplyaccomplished">
    allow from all
    Options +Indexes
  </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

请注意，这不是完整的 Apache 配置 - 它只是为了给您一个想法。