按照 debuntu.org 提供的指南操作后（http://www.debuntu.org/how-to-virtual-emails-accounts-with-postfix-and-dovecot/)，这非常有帮助，但我立即开始遇到 SASL 身份验证问题。促使我查看 mail.log 并看到以下消息的原因是 thunderbird 上的一条错误消息，指出“Thunderbird 无法找到您的电子邮件帐户的设置”。邮件日志如下：
Jan 6 14:16:45 Jesse-Server postfix/smtpd[22109]: connect from unknown[192.168.2.1]
Jan 6 14:16:45 Jesse-Server postfix/smtpd[22109]: warning: SASL: Connect to private/auth failed: No such file or directory
Jan 6 14:16:45 Jesse-Server postfix/smtpd[22109]: fatal: no SASL authentication mechanisms
Jan 6 14:16:46 Jesse-Server postfix/master[8209]: warning: process /usr/lib/postfix/smtpd pid 22109 exit status 1
Jan 6 14:16:46 Jesse-Server postfix/master[8209]: warning: /usr/lib/postfix/smtpd: bad command startup -- throttling
Jan 6 14:17:46 Jesse-Server postfix/smtpd[22134]: connect from localhost[127.0.0.1]
Jan 6 14:17:46 Jesse-Server postfix/smtpd[22134]: warning: SASL: Connect to private/auth failed: No such file or directory
Jan 6 14:17:46 Jesse-Server postfix/smtpd[22134]: fatal: no SASL authentication mechanisms
Jan 6 14:17:47 Jesse-Server postfix/master[8209]: warning: process /usr/lib/postfix/smtpd pid 22134 exit status 1
Jan 6 14:17:47 Jesse-Server postfix/master[8209]: warning: /usr/lib/postfix/smtpd: bad command startup -- throttling
Jan 6 14:18:26 Jesse-Server postfix/anvil[22112]: statistics: max connection rate 1/60s for (smtp:192.168.2.1) at Jan 6 14:16:45
Jan 6 14:18:26 Jesse-Server postfix/anvil[22112]: statistics: max connection count 1 for (smtp:192.168.2.1) at Jan 6 14:16:45
Jan 6 14:18:26 Jesse-Server postfix/anvil[22112]: statistics: max cache size 1 at Jan 6 14:16:45
这促使我去寻找私人/授权，但正如您下面看到的，不存在这样的文件……
root@Jesse-Server:/home/clucky# ls -l /var/spool/postfix/private/auth
ls: cannot access /var/spool/postfix/private/auth: No such file or directory
我想知道我的 private/auth 文件夹在哪里？我是不是使用了错误版本的 dovecot？在一条不相关的注释中，当我输入重启 dovecot 服务进入终端后显示以下内容：
stop: Unknown instance:
dovecot start/running, process 9394
以下是 postfix 标签的配置主配置文件：
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Debian/GNU)
biff = no
# appending .domain is the MUA's job.
append_dot_mydomain = no
# Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings
#delay_warning_time = 4h
# TLS parameters
smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
smtpd_use_tls=yes
smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${queue_directory}/smtpd_scache
smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${queue_directory}/smtp_scache
#vhost with mysql params
#virtual_alias_domains needs to be unset
virtual_alias_domains =
virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/virtual/mysql-virtual-mailbox-domains.cf
virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/virtual/mysql-virtual-mailbox-maps.cf
virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/virtual/mysql-virtual-alias-maps.cf, mysql:/etc/postfix/virtual/mysql-virtual-email2email.cf
virtual_uid_maps = static:5000
virtual_gid_maps = static:5000
virtual_transport = dovecot
dovecot_destination_recipient_limit = 1
myhostname = worldofclucky.net
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
myorigin = /etc/mailname
mydestination = worldofclucky.net, localhost
relayhost =
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8
mailbox_command = procmail -a "$EXTENSION"
mailbox_size_limit = 0
recipient_delimiter = +
inet_interfaces = all
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot
smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,reject_unauth_destination
这是dovecot配置文件：
protocols = imaps
mail_location = maildir:/var/vmail/%d/%n/Maildir
## uncomment this if you already have email from
## courier for instance.
#namespace private {
# separator = .
# prefix = INBOX.
# inbox = yes
#}
## change section "protocol lda" to:
protocol lda {
# Address to use when sending rejection mails.
postmaster_address = [email protected]
log_path = /var/vmail/dovecot-deliver.log
# Hostname to use in various parts of sent mails, eg. in Message-Id.
# Default is the system's real hostname.
#hostname =
# Support for dynamically loadable plugins. mail_plugins is a space separated
# list of plugins to load.
#mail_plugins =
#mail_plugin_dir = /usr/lib/dovecot/modules/lda
# Binary to use for sending mails.
#sendmail_path = /usr/lib/sendmail
# UNIX socket path to master authentication server to find users.
auth_socket_path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-master
# Enabling Sieve plugin for server-side mail filtering
# handy for storing spam in their folders
mail_plugins = cmusieve
global_script_path = /var/vmail/globalsieverc
}
## in section auth default
## change :
mechanisms = plain login
## comment out "passdb pam"
## and make sure the following is in
## to look for users in the DB
passdb sql {
# Path for SQL configuration file, see /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf for example
args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf
}
## and add this so dovecot does not deal with uid/gid
## we use uid and gid 5000 for everybody
userdb static {
args = uid=5000 gid=5000 home=/home/vmail/%d/%n allow_all_users=yes
}
## next make sure the section "socket listen" looks like this
## so dovecot and postfix work happily together
socket listen {
master {
path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-master
mode = 0600
user = vmail # User running Dovecot LDA
#group = mail # Or alternatively mode 0660 + LDA user in this group
}
client {
# The client socket is generally safe to export to everyone. Typical use
# is to export it to your SMTP server so it can do SMTP AUTH lookups
# using it.
path = /var/spool/postfix/private/auth
#path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-client
mode = 0660
user = postfix
group = postfix
}
}
任何帮助都将不胜感激，如果您需要更多错误/配置，请随时询问。提前谢谢您！
操作系统：Linux Ubuntu 12.04
答案1
/var/spool/postfix/private/auth 应该由 dovecot 创建。
您重新启动 dovecot 时的日志应该会提供更多信息。
我认为它应该记录到 /var/log/mail.* 或者 /var/log/daemon.log