我不知道如何正确配置这些 Samba 共享。我真的不明白哪里出了问题。
我在这里、AskUbuntu 论坛、LinuxQuestions 和其他论坛和网站上读了很多文章。我真的尝试了所有可能的配置参数组合。我
首先尝试了正确的参数组合 - 我认为它们应该可以正常工作 - 然后我一步一步尝试更改所有参数，直到现在：我真的不明白如何设置参数才能使其工作。请帮帮我！
工作原理
- 2股；
- 1 个公共（连接到服务器的每个人都可以访问，读/写），1 个受保护（只能使用定义的用户名和密码访问，读/写）；
- 一些用户必须对两个共享（定义的共享）都有访问权，而另一些用户则只能访问公共共享；
- 公开共享名称：DSMPubblica；
- 私人共享名称：DSMUfficio；
- 在 Windows 上，我应该能够在字母 Y: 上配置 DSMPubblica 并直接访问它，然后我应该能够在字母 Z: 上配置 DSMUfficio，并提示用户名和密码窗口。
额外的努力和日志行
我尝试了更多方法。我从配置中删除了两个共享，并创建了一个新的共享，名为“Public”。当我尝试连接时，Windows 说无法连接。
在日志中我可以看到：
smb_pwd_check_ntlmv1: incorrect password length (62)=> ??? 我不希望用户指定密码，而且 Windows 甚至没有要求我输入密码......process_usershare_file: stat of /var/lib/samba/usershares/dsmufficio failed. Permission denied=> ??? 是什么/var/lib/samba/usershares/dsmufficio？它不存在于我的 Linux 服务器中，也没有在配置文件的任何地方指定它（甚至没有“usershares”）。
会发生什么
这一切都发生在 Windows 7 和 Windows 8.1 上。
- 我尝试连接一个新的网络共享；
- 我为 DSMPubblica 选择字母 (Y:)；
- 我写的是服务器地址（\10.10.10.1\DSMPubblica）；
- 我选中了“重启时再次连接”并且没有选中“使用不同的凭据连接”（对凭据的检查是无关紧要的 - 无论是否检查，行为都是相同的）；
- 我被提示有身份验证窗口！
- 如果我单击“确定”而不输入任何用户名，Windows 将不允许我继续：他需要用户名和密码。
- 如果我给他我为 DSMUfficio 设置的用户名和密码，那么我就可以连接；
- 与 DSMUfficio 相同，但有了这个，Windows 可以要求我进行身份验证；
- 如果我选中“保存身份验证凭据”，则重新启动时它会再次询问我所有信息。
我的配置
股份
[DSMUfficio]
delete readonly = yes
writeable = yes
path = /var/dsm/ufficio
write list = tzanarella,jcangini,dlazzarato,mcazzoli,sgiombetti
force group = dsm
revalidate = yes
comment = DSM share locale privata - solo autorizzati
valid users = tzanarella,jcangini,dlazzarato,mcazzoli,sgiombetti
create mode = 770
directory mode = 770
[DSMPubblica]
guest ok = yes
guest account =
writeable = yes
delete readonly = yes
path = /var/dsm/pubblica
force directory mode = 777
force create mode = 777
comment = DSM share locale pubblica - senza restrizioni di accesso
create mode = 777
public = yes
browsable = yes
directory mode = 777
请注意，DSMPubblica 配置已更改了很多次，以便尝试使其正常工作。我真的尝试了每一个组合......但都没有奏效。如果您需要更多测试、信息、规格，请询问并告知我。谢谢。
整体配置
#
# Sample configuration file for the Samba suite for Debian GNU/Linux.
#
#
# This is the main Samba configuration file. You should read the
# smb.conf(5) manual page in order to understand the options listed
# here. Samba has a huge number of configurable options most of which
# are not shown in this example
#
# Some options that are often worth tuning have been included as
# commented-out examples in this file.
# - When such options are commented with ";", the proposed setting
# differs from the default Samba behaviour
# - When commented with "#", the proposed setting is the default
# behaviour of Samba but the option is considered important
# enough to be mentioned here
#
# NOTE: Whenever you modify this file you should run the command
# "testparm" to check that you have not made any basic syntactic
# errors.
# A well-established practice is to name the original file
# "smb.conf.master" and create the "real" config file with
# testparm -s smb.conf.master >smb.conf
# This minimizes the size of the really used smb.conf file
# which, according to the Samba Team, impacts performance
# However, use this with caution if your smb.conf file contains nested
# "include" statements. See Debian bug #483187 for a case
# where using a master file is not a good idea.
#
#======================= Global Settings =======================
[global]
## Browsing/Identification ###
# Change this to the workgroup/NT-domain name your Samba server will part of
workgroup = DSM
# server string is the equivalent of the NT Description field
server string = %h server
# Windows Internet Name Serving Support Section:
# WINS Support - Tells the NMBD component of Samba to enable its WINS Server
# wins support = no
# WINS Server - Tells the NMBD components of Samba to be a WINS Client
# Note: Samba can be either a WINS Server, or a WINS Client, but NOT both
; wins server = w.x.y.z
# This will prevent nmbd to search for NetBIOS names through DNS.
dns proxy = no
# What naming service and in what order should we use to resolve host names
# to IP addresses
; name resolve order = lmhosts host wins bcast
#### Networking ####
# The specific set of interfaces / networks to bind to
# This can be either the interface name or an IP address/netmask;
# interface names are normally preferred
; interfaces = 127.0.0.0/8 eth0
# Only bind to the named interfaces and/or networks; you must use the
# 'interfaces' option above to use this.
# It is recommended that you enable this feature if your Samba machine is
# not protected by a firewall or is a firewall itself. However, this
# option cannot handle dynamic or non-broadcast interfaces correctly.
; bind interfaces only = yes
#### Debugging/Accounting ####
# This tells Samba to use a separate log file for each machine
# that connects
log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m
# Cap the size of the individual log files (in KiB).
max log size = 1000
# If you want Samba to only log through syslog then set the following
# parameter to 'yes'.
# syslog only = no
# We want Samba to log a minimum amount of information to syslog. Everything
# should go to /var/log/samba/log.{smbd,nmbd} instead. If you want to log
# through syslog you should set the following parameter to something higher.
syslog = 0
# Do something sensible when Samba crashes: mail the admin a backtrace
panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d
####### Authentication #######
# "security = user" is always a good idea. This will require a Unix account
# in this server for every user accessing the server. See
# /usr/share/doc/samba-doc/htmldocs/Samba3-HOWTO/ServerType.html
# in the samba-doc package for details.
# security = user
# You may wish to use password encryption. See the section on
# 'encrypt passwords' in the smb.conf(5) manpage before enabling.
encrypt passwords = true
# If you are using encrypted passwords, Samba will need to know what
# password database type you are using.
passdb backend = tdbsam
obey pam restrictions = yes
# This boolean parameter controls whether Samba attempts to sync the Unix
# password with the SMB password when the encrypted SMB password in the
# passdb is changed.
unix password sync = yes
# For Unix password sync to work on a Debian GNU/Linux system, the following
# parameters must be set (thanks to Ian Kahan <<[email protected]> for
# sending the correct chat script for the passwd program in Debian Sarge).
passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .
# This boolean controls whether PAM will be used for password changes
# when requested by an SMB client instead of the program listed in
# 'passwd program'. The default is 'no'.
pam password change = yes
########## Domains ###########
# Is this machine able to authenticate users. Both PDC and BDC
# must have this setting enabled. If you are the BDC you must
# change the 'domain master' setting to no
#
; domain logons = yes
#
# The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set
# It specifies the location of the user's profile directory
# from the client point of view)
# The following required a [profiles] share to be setup on the
# samba server (see below)
; logon path = \\%N\profiles\%U
# Another common choice is storing the profile in the user's home directory
# (this is Samba's default)
# logon path = \\%N\%U\profile
# The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set
# It specifies the location of a user's home directory (from the client
# point of view)
; logon drive = H:
# logon home = \\%N\%U
# The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set
# It specifies the script to run during logon. The script must be stored
# in the [netlogon] share
# NOTE: Must be store in 'DOS' file format convention
; logon script = logon.cmd
# This allows Unix users to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR
# RPC pipe. The example command creates a user account with a disabled Unix
# password; please adapt to your needs
; add user script = /usr/sbin/adduser --quiet --disabled-password --gecos "" %u
# This allows machine accounts to be created on the domain controller via the
# SAMR RPC pipe.
# The following assumes a "machines" group exists on the system
; add machine script = /usr/sbin/useradd -g machines -c "%u machine account" -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u
# This allows Unix groups to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR
# RPC pipe.
; add group script = /usr/sbin/addgroup --force-badname %g
########## Printing ##########
# If you want to automatically load your printer list rather
# than setting them up individually then you'll need this
# load printers = yes
# lpr(ng) printing. You may wish to override the location of the
# printcap file
; printing = bsd
; printcap name = /etc/printcap
# CUPS printing. See also the cupsaddsmb(8) manpage in the
# cupsys-client package.
; printing = cups
; printcap name = cups
############ Misc ############
# Using the following line enables you to customise your configuration
# on a per machine basis. The %m gets replaced with the netbios name
# of the machine that is connecting
; include = /home/samba/etc/smb.conf.%m
# Most people will find that this option gives better performance.
# See smb.conf(5) and /usr/share/doc/samba-doc/htmldocs/Samba3-HOWTO/speed.html
# for details
# You may want to add the following on a Linux system:
# SO_RCVBUF=8192 SO_SNDBUF=8192
# socket options = TCP_NODELAY
# The following parameter is useful only if you have the linpopup package
# installed. The samba maintainer and the linpopup maintainer are
# working to ease installation and configuration of linpopup and samba.
; message command = /bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/linpopup "%f" "%m" %s; rm %s' &
# Domain Master specifies Samba to be the Domain Master Browser. If this
# machine will be configured as a BDC (a secondary logon server), you
# must set this to 'no'; otherwise, the default behavior is recommended.
# domain master = auto
# Some defaults for winbind (make sure you're not using the ranges
# for something else.)
; idmap uid = 10000-20000
; idmap gid = 10000-20000
; template shell = /bin/bash
# The following was the default behaviour in sarge,
# but samba upstream reverted the default because it might induce
# performance issues in large organizations.
# See Debian bug #368251 for some of the consequences of *not*
# having this setting and smb.conf(5) for details.
; winbind enum groups = yes
; winbind enum users = yes
# Setup usershare options to enable non-root users to share folders
# with the net usershare command.
# Maximum number of usershare. 0 (default) means that usershare is disabled.
; usershare max shares = 100
#======================= Share Definitions =======================
[homes]
comment = Home Directories
browseable = no
# By default, the home directories are exported read-only. Change the
# next parameter to 'no' if you want to be able to write to them.
read only = yes
# File creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to
# create files with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.
create mask = 0700
# Directory creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to
# create dirs. with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.
directory mask = 0700
# By default, \\server\username shares can be connected to by anyone
# with access to the samba server.
# The following parameter makes sure that only "username" can connect
# to \\server\username
# This might need tweaking when using external authentication schemes
valid users = %S
# Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory for Domain Logons
# (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.)
;[netlogon]
; comment = Network Logon Service
; path = /home/samba/netlogon
; guest ok = yes
; read only = yes
# Un-comment the following and create the profiles directory to store
# users profiles (see the "logon path" option above)
# (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.)
# The path below should be writable by all users so that their
# profile directory may be created the first time they log on
;[profiles]
; comment = Users profiles
; path = /home/samba/profiles
; guest ok = no
; browseable = no
; create mask = 0600
; directory mask = 0700
[printers]
comment = All Printers
browseable = no
path = /var/spool/samba
printable = yes
guest ok = no
read only = yes
create mask = 0700
# Windows clients look for this share name as a source of downloadable
# printer drivers
[print$]
comment = Printer Drivers
path = /var/lib/samba/printers
browseable = yes
read only = yes
guest ok = no
# Uncomment to allow remote administration of Windows print drivers.
# You may need to replace 'lpadmin' with the name of the group your
# admin users are members of.
# Please note that you also need to set appropriate Unix permissions
# to the drivers directory for these users to have write rights in it
; write list = root, @lpadmin
# A sample share for sharing your CD-ROM with others.
;[cdrom]
; comment = Samba server's CD-ROM
; read only = yes
; locking = no
; path = /cdrom
; guest ok = yes
# The next two parameters show how to auto-mount a CD-ROM when the
# cdrom share is accesed. For this to work /etc/fstab must contain
# an entry like this:
#
# /dev/scd0 /cdrom iso9660 defaults,noauto,ro,user 0 0
#
# The CD-ROM gets unmounted automatically after the connection to the
#
# If you don't want to use auto-mounting/unmounting make sure the CD
# is mounted on /cdrom
#
; preexec = /bin/mount /cdrom
; postexec = /bin/umount /cdrom
[DSMUfficio]
delete readonly = yes
writeable = yes
path = /var/dsm/ufficio
write list = tzanarella,jcangini,dlazzarato,mcazzoli,sgiombetti
force group = dsm
revalidate = yes
comment = DSM share locale privata - solo autorizzati
valid users = tzanarella,jcangini,dlazzarato,mcazzoli,sgiombetti
create mode = 770
directory mode = 770
[DSMPubblica]
guest ok = yes
guest account =
writeable = yes
delete readonly = yes
path = /var/dsm/pubblica
force directory mode = 777
force create mode = 777
comment = DSM share locale pubblica - senza restrizioni di accesso
create mode = 777
public = yes
browsable = yes
directory mode = 777
答案1
这是解决此问题的关键选项：
[global]
map to guest = bad user
答案2
这是（最终）有效的配置。我可以从 Windows 访问 Linux 服务器，而无需输入用户/密码：
[global]
workgroup = MYGROUP
server string = Samba Server %v
netbios name = debian
security = user
map to guest = bad user
dns proxy = no
#============= Share Definitions =================
[adriano]
force user = adriano
path = /home/adriano
browsable =yes
writable = yes
guest ok = yes
read only = no
答案3
我遇到了同样的问题（Windows 一直拒绝 pi 的密码），直到我得到了这个提示Youtube 视频。基本上我必须运行以下命令：
sudo smbpasswd -a pi
创建 pi samba 用户。在 Windows 上，我只需RASPBERRYPI\pi以用户身份输入密码即可。
答案4
任何在 2020 年遇到此问题的人，请尝试添加到您的[global]
最小协议 = NT1
如果您要连接到 samba 服务器，则需要使用过时的操作系统或设备，例如媒体播放器。