考虑以下 XKB 布局：
xkb_keymap {
xkb_keycodes {
<ESC> = 9;
<FK01> = 67;
<FK02> = 68;
<FK03> = 69;
<FK04> = 70;
<FK05> = 71;
<FK06> = 72;
<FK07> = 73;
<FK08> = 74;
<FK09> = 75;
<FK10> = 76;
<FK11> = 95;
<FK12> = 96;
<INS> = 118;
<DELE> = 119;
<HOME> = 110;
<END> = 115;
<PGUP> = 112;
<PGDN> = 117;
<TLDE> = 49;
<AE01> = 10;
<AE02> = 11;
<AE03> = 12;
<AE04> = 13;
<AE05> = 14;
<AE06> = 15;
<AE07> = 16;
<AE08> = 17;
<AE09> = 18;
<AE10> = 19;
<AE11> = 20;
<AE12> = 21;
<BKSP> = 22;
<TAB> = 23;
<AD01> = 24;
<AD02> = 25;
<AD03> = 26;
<AD04> = 27;
<AD05> = 28;
<AD06> = 29;
<AD07> = 30;
<AD08> = 31;
<AD09> = 32;
<AD10> = 33;
<AD11> = 34;
<AD12> = 35;
<BKSL> = 51;
<CAPS> = 66;
<AC01> = 38;
<AC02> = 39;
<AC03> = 40;
<AC04> = 41;
<AC05> = 42;
<AC06> = 43;
<AC07> = 44;
<AC08> = 45;
<AC09> = 46;
<AC10> = 47;
<AC11> = 48;
<RTRN> = 36;
<LFSH> = 50;
<AB01> = 52;
<AB02> = 53;
<AB03> = 54;
<AB04> = 55;
<AB05> = 56;
<AB06> = 57;
<AB07> = 58;
<AB08> = 59;
<AB09> = 60;
<AB10> = 61;
<RTSH> = 62;
<LCTL> = 37;
<LWIN> = 133;
<LALT> = 64;
<SPCE> = 65;
<RALT> = 108;
<RWIN> = 134;
<MENU> = 135;
<RCTL> = 105;
<UP> = 111;
<LEFT> = 113;
<DOWN> = 116;
<RGHT> = 114;
<NMLK> = 77;
<KPDV> = 106;
<KPMU> = 63;
<KPSU> = 82;
<KP7> = 79;
<KP8> = 80;
<KP9> = 81;
<KPAD> = 86;
<KP4> = 83;
<KP5> = 84;
<KP6> = 85;
<KP1> = 87;
<KP2> = 88;
<KP3> = 89;
<KPEN> = 104;
<KP0> = 90;
<KPDL> = 91;
};
xkb_types {
type "ONE_LEVEL" {
modifiers = none;
level_name[Level1] = "Any";
};
type "TWO_LEVEL" {
modifiers = none;
level_name[Level1] = "Base";
};
type "ALPHABETIC" {
modifiers = none;
level_name[Level1] = "Base";
};
type "KEYPAD" {
modifiers = none;
level_name[Level1] = "Base";
};
type "MULTI" {
modifiers = Shift+Mod3+Mod5;
map[Shift] = Level2;
map[Mod3] = Level3;
map[Shift+Mod3] = Level4;
map[Mod5] = Level5;
map[Shift+Mod5] = Level6;
map[Mod3+Mod5] = Level7;
map[Shift+Mod3+Mod5] = Level8;
level_name[Level1] = "Base";
level_name[Level2] = "Shift";
level_name[Level3] = "Alt";
level_name[Level4] = "Shift Alt";
level_name[Level5] = "Control";
level_name[Level6] = "Control Shift";
level_name[Level7] = "Control Alt";
level_name[Level8] = "Control Shift Alt";
};
};
xkb_compatibility {
interpret Any + Any{
action = SetMods(mods=modMapMods);
};
interpret ISO_Next_Group {
action = LockGroup(group=+1);
};
indicator "Shift" {
modifiers = Shift;
};
};
xkb_symbols {
key.type = "MULTI";
key <ESC> {[Escape]};
key <FK01> {[U2010]}; # hyphen
key <FK02> {[U2011]}; # non-breaking hyphen
key <FK03> {[U00AD]}; # soft hyphen
key <FK04> {[U200B]}; # zero width space
key <FK05> {[leftdoublequotemark], [guillemotleft]};
key <FK06> {[rightdoublequotemark], [guillemotright]};
key <FK07> {[leftsinglequotemark], [doublelowquotemark]};
key <FK08> {[rightsinglequotemark], [leftdoublequotemark]};
key <FK09> {[endash]};
key <FK10> {[emdash]};
key <FK11> {[ellipsis, U22EF]}; # cdots
key <FK12> {[nobreakspace, U2060]}; # word joiner
key <INS> {[Insert]};
key <DELE> {[Delete]};
key <HOME> {[Home]};
key <END> {[End]};
key <PGUP> {[Prior]};
key <PGDN> {[Next]};
key <TLDE> {[grave, asciitilde, dead_grave, dead_tilde, dead_doublegrave, dead_belowtilde]};
key <AE01> {[1, exclam, U22C1, U22C3, logicalor, union], [exclam, 1]}; # big or, big union
key <AE02> {[2, at], [at, 2]};
key <AE03> {[3, numbersign], [slash, 3]};
key <AE04> {[4, dollar], [semicolon, 4]};
key <AE05> {[5, percent, dead_horn, dead_hook], [colon, 5]};
key <AE06> {[6, asciicircum, dead_circumflex, dead_caron, dead_belowcircumflex], [comma, 6]};
key <AE07> {[7, ampersand, U22C0, U22C2, logicaland, intersection], [period, 7]}; # big and, big intersection
key <AE08> {[8, asterisk, VoidSymbol, VoidSymbol, multiply, U2297], [question, 8]};
key <AE09> {[9, parenleft], [parenleft, 9]};
key <AE10> {[0, parenright, dead_abovering, dead_belowring, emptyset, U2243], [parenright, 0]}; # bar tilde
key <AE11> {[minus, underscore, dead_macron, dead_belowmacron, U2212, U2245]}; # minus, double bar tilde
key <AE12> {[equal, plus, dead_breve, dead_belowbreve, notequal, plusminus]};
key <BKSP> {[BackSpace]};
key <TAB> {[Tab, ISO_Left_Tab]};
key <AD01> {[q, Q, Greek_theta, Greek_THETA, U03D1], [Cyrillic_shorti, Cyrillic_SHORTI]}; # vartheta
key <AD02> {[w, W, a, A, b, B, c, C], [Cyrillic_tse, Cyrillic_TSE]};
key <AD03> {[e, E, U03F5, Greek_epsilon, elementof, notelementof], [Cyrillic_u, Cyrillic_U]}; # epsilon, varepsilon
key <AD04> {[r, R, Greek_rho, VoidSymbol, U03F1], [Cyrillic_ka, Cyrillic_KA]}; # varrho
key <AD05> {[t, T, Greek_tau, VoidSymbol, thorn, THORN], [Cyrillic_ie, Cyrillic_IE]};
key <AD06> {[y, Y, Greek_upsilon, Greek_UPSILON], [Cyrillic_en, Cyrillic_EN]};
key <AD07> {[u, U, Greek_psi, Greek_PSI, udiaeresis, Udiaeresis], [Cyrillic_ghe, Cyrillic_GHE]};
key <AD08> {[i, I, Greek_iota, VoidSymbol, infinity], [Cyrillic_sha, Cyrillic_SHA]};
key <AD09> {[o, O, Greek_omega, Greek_OMEGA, odiaeresis, Odiaeresis, oe, OE], [Cyrillic_shcha, Cyrillic_SHCHA]};
key <AD10> {[p, P, Greek_pi, Greek_PI, U03D6], [Cyrillic_ze, Cyrillic_ZE]}; # varpi
key <AD11> {[bracketleft, braceleft, VoidSymbol, VoidSymbol, leftarrow, U2282], [Cyrillic_ha, Cyrillic_HA]}; # left angle bracket, subset
key <AD12> {[bracketright, braceright, U21A6, VoidSymbol, rightarrow, U2283], [Cyrillic_hardsign, Cyrillic_HARDSIGN]}; # right angle bracket, supset
key <BKSL> {[backslash, bar, VoidSymbol, VoidSymbol, U2016]};
key <CAPS> {[ISO_Next_Group]};
key <AC01> {[a, A, Greek_alpha, VoidSymbol, adiaeresis, Adiaeresis, ae, AE], [Cyrillic_ef, Cyrillic_EF]};
key <AC02> {[s, S, Greek_sigma, Greek_SIGMA, ssharp, U03C2], [Cyrillic_yeru, Cyrillic_YERU]}; # varsigma
key <AC03> {[d, D, Greek_delta, Greek_DELTA, eth, ETH], [Cyrillic_ve, Cyrillic_VE]};
key <AC04> {[f, F, Greek_phi, Greek_PHI, U03D5], [Cyrillic_a, Cyrillic_A]}; # varphi
key <AC05> {[g, G, Greek_gamma, Greek_GAMMA], [Cyrillic_pe, Cyrillic_PE]};
key <AC06> {[h, H, Greek_eta], [Cyrillic_er, Cyrillic_ER]};
key <AC07> {[j, J, Greek_xi, Greek_XI], [Cyrillic_o, Cyrillic_O]};
key <AC08> {[k, K, Greek_kappa], [Cyrillic_el, Cyrillic_EL]};
key <AC09> {[l, L, Greek_lambda, Greek_LAMBDA], [Cyrillic_de, Cyrillic_DE]};
key <AC10> {[semicolon, colon, dead_diaeresis, dead_belowdiaeresis], [Cyrillic_zhe, Cyrillic_ZHE]};
key <AC11> {[apostrophe, quotedbl, dead_acute, dead_doubleacute, U2202, U2207], [Cyrillic_e, Cyrillic_E]};
key <RTRN> {[Return]};
key <LFSH> {[Shift_L]};
key <AB01> {[z, Z, Greek_zeta], [Cyrillic_ya, Cyrillic_YA]};
key <AB02> {[x, X, Greek_chi], [Cyrillic_che, Cyrillic_CHE]};
key <AB03> {[c, C, dead_cedilla], [Cyrillic_es, Cyrillic_ES]};
key <AB04> {[v, V, dead_ogonek], [Cyrillic_em, Cyrillic_EM]};
key <AB05> {[b, B, Greek_beta], [Cyrillic_i, Cyrillic_I]};
key <AB06> {[n, N, Greek_nu], [Cyrillic_te, Cyrillic_TE]};
key <AB07> {[m, M, Greek_mu], [Cyrillic_softsign, Cyrillic_SOFTSIGN]};
key <AB08> {[comma, less, dead_belowcomma, dead_abovecomma, lessthanequal, U27E8], [Cyrillic_be, Cyrillic_BE]};
key <AB09> {[period, greater, dead_belowdot, dead_abovedot, greaterthanequal, U27E9], [Cyrillic_yu, Cyrillic_YU]};
key <AB10> {[slash, question, dead_stroke, dead_invertedbreve, dead_abovereversedcomma, periodcentered], [Cyrillic_io, Cyrillic_IO]};
key <RTSH> {[Shift_R]};
key <LCTL> {[Control_L]};
key <LWIN> {[Super_L]};
key <LALT> {[Alt_L]};
key <SPCE> {[space]};
key <RALT> {[Alt_R]};
key <RWIN> {[Super_R]};
key <MENU> {[Menu]};
key <RCTL> {[Control_R]};
key <UP> {[Up]};
key <LEFT> {[Left]};
key <DOWN> {[Down]};
key <RGHT> {[Right]};
key <NMLK> {[Num_Lock]};
key <KPDV> {[KP_Divide]};
key <KPMU> {[KP_Multiply]};
key <KPSU> {[KP_Subtract]};
key <KP7> {[Delete]};
key <KP8> {[End]};
key <KP9> {[Next]};
key <KPAD> {[KP_Add]};
key <KP4> {[KP_4]};
key <KP5> {[KP_5]};
key <KP6> {[KP_6]};
key <KP1> {[KP_1]};
key <KP2> {[KP_2]};
key <KP3> {[KP_3]};
key <KPEN> {[KP_Enter]};
key <KP0> {[KP_0]};
key <KPDL> {[KP_Delete]};
modifier_map Shift { Shift_L, Shift_R };
modifier_map Lock { ISO_Next_Group };
modifier_map Control { Control_L };
modifier_map Mod1 { Alt_L };
modifier_map Mod2 { Num_Lock };
modifier_map Mod3 { Alt_R };
modifier_map Mod4 { Super_L, Super_R };
modifier_map Mod5 { Control_R };
};
};
目的是使用 Caps Lack 切换两种布局；每个布局都有 3 个修饰键：Shift、右 Alt 和右 Control。因此，每个按键在每种布局中最多可生成 8 个不同的字母。例如，以下行
key <AD02> {[w, W, a, A, b, B, c, C], [Cyrillic_tse, Cyrillic_TSE]};
旨在在第一个布局中进行以下分配：
w → w
Shift+w → W
Alt_R+w → a
Alt_R+Shift+w → A
Control_R+w → b
Control_R+Shift+w → B
Control_R+Alt_R+w → c
Control_R+Alt_R+Shift+w → C
当我使用 xkbcomp - :0 加载此布局时，8 个组合中只有 4 个按预期工作，如下所示：
w → w
Shift+w → W
Alt_R+w → a
Alt_R+Shift+w → a
Control_R+w → b
Control_R+Shift+w → b
Control_R+Alt_R+w → b
Control_R+Alt_R+Shift+w → b
换句话说，两个或三个修饰键的组合不起作用。为了获得所需的行为应该改变什么？
答案1
让我们尝试稍微简化一下。
我不知道有任何符号命令keys.type=MULTI，所以我先删除了该行。
我将您的文件保存为keys（减去该行）并运行xkbcomp -w 10 keys.它报告：
Warning: No automatic type for 6 symbols
Using for the <TLDE> key (keycode 49)
Warning: Type "" is not defined
Using TWO_LEVEL for the <TLDE> key (keycode 49)
（之后还有更多错误）
因此，让我们添加一个MULTI3模仿MULTI但具有 3 (6) 个级别的定义：
type "MULTI3" {
modifiers = Shift+Mod3+Mod5;
map[Shift] = Level2;
map[Mod3] = Level3;
map[Shift+Mod3] = Level4;
map[Mod5] = Level5;
map[Shift+Mod5] = Level6;
level_name[Level1] = "Base";
level_name[Level2] = "Shift";
level_name[Level3] = "Alt";
level_name[Level4] = "Shift Alt";
level_name[Level5] = "Control";
level_name[Level6] = "Control Shift";
};
...然后将其分配给TLDE：
key <TLDE> {type="MULTI3", symbols=[grave, asciitilde, dead_grave, dead_tilde, dead_doublegrave, dead_belowtilde]};
好的，重新运行xkbcomp -w 10 keys确认这消除了该错误。
相同类型的错误会影响其他 27 个键……因此，用所需的类型对它们进行注释，和/或创建新类型来处理它们，应该可以消除这些错误。
如果在同一个文件中定义了两个组（顺便说一句，这将以非常不愉快的方式与大多数用于选择键盘布局的工具（例如在 Gnome 中）进行交互），您将必须为每个组指定符号和类型。我自己从未尝试过，但是例如：
key <AD01> {type[group1]="NewTypeFor5Levels",
symbols[group1]=[q, Q, Greek_theta, Greek_THETA, U03D1],
type[group2]="TWO_LEVEL",
symbols[group2]=[Cyrillic_shorti, Cyrillic_SHORTI]};
// vartheta
key <AD02> {type[group1]="MULTI",
symbols[group1]=[w, W, a, A, b, B, c, C],
type[group2]="TWO_LEVEL",
symbols[group2]=[Cyrillic_tse, Cyrillic_TSE]};
一旦可以编译文件，您应该会取得更好的成功。