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这个 bash shell 别名在哪里配置？

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这个 bash shell 别名在哪里配置？

以 root 身份登录到 CentOS 6.5 系统后，我运行

># alias
alias cp='cp -i'
alias l.='ls -d .* --color=auto'
alias ll='ls -l --color=auto'
alias ls='ls --color=auto'
alias mv='mv -i'
alias rm='rm -i'
alias which='alias | /usr/bin/which --tty-only --read-alias --show-dot --show-tilde'

我想修改alias ll='ls -l --color=auto'为alias ll='ls -lha --color=auto'所有用户.cat /etc/bashrc和cat /root/.bashrc收益分别为：

># cat /etc/bashrc
# /etc/bashrc

# System wide functions and aliases
# Environment stuff goes in /etc/profile

# It's NOT a good idea to change this file unless you know what you
# are doing. It's much better to create a custom.sh shell script in
# /etc/profile.d/ to make custom changes to your environment, as this
# will prevent the need for merging in future updates.

# are we an interactive shell?
if [ "$PS1" ]; then
  if [ -z "$PROMPT_COMMAND" ]; then
    case $TERM in
    xterm*)
        if [ -e /etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-xterm ]; then
            PROMPT_COMMAND=/etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-xterm
        else
            PROMPT_COMMAND='printf "\033]0;%s@%s:%s\007" "${USER}" "${HOSTNAME%%.*}" "${PWD/#$HOME/~}"'
        fi
        ;;
    screen)
        if [ -e /etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-screen ]; then
            PROMPT_COMMAND=/etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-screen
        else
            PROMPT_COMMAND='printf "\033]0;%s@%s:%s\033\\" "${USER}" "${HOSTNAME%%.*}" "${PWD/#$HOME/~}"'
        fi
        ;;
    *)
        [ -e /etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-default ] && PROMPT_COMMAND=/etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-default
        ;;
      esac
  fi
  # Turn on checkwinsize
  shopt -s checkwinsize
  [ "$PS1" = "\\s-\\v\\\$ " ] && PS1="[\u@\h \W]\\$ "
  # You might want to have e.g. tty in prompt (e.g. more virtual machines)
  # and console windows
  # If you want to do so, just add e.g.
  # if [ "$PS1" ]; then
  #   PS1="[\u@\h:\l \W]\\$ "
  # fi
  # to your custom modification shell script in /etc/profile.d/ directory
fi

if ! shopt -q login_shell ; then # We're not a login shell
    # Need to redefine pathmunge, it get's undefined at the end of /etc/profile
    pathmunge () {
        case ":${PATH}:" in
            *:"$1":*)
                ;;
            *)
                if [ "$2" = "after" ] ; then
                    PATH=$PATH:$1
                else
                    PATH=$1:$PATH
                fi
        esac
    }

    # By default, we want umask to get set. This sets it for non-login shell.
    # Current threshold for system reserved uid/gids is 200
    # You could check uidgid reservation validity in
    # /usr/share/doc/setup-*/uidgid file
    if [ $UID -gt 199 ] && [ "`id -gn`" = "`id -un`" ]; then
       umask 002
    else
       umask 022
    fi

    # Only display echos from profile.d scripts if we are no login shell
    # and interactive - otherwise just process them to set envvars
    for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh; do
        if [ -r "$i" ]; then
            if [ "$PS1" ]; then
                . "$i"
            else
                . "$i" >/dev/null 2>&1
            fi
        fi
    done

    unset i
    unset pathmunge
fi
# vim:ts=4:sw=4

和

># cat /root/.bashrc
# .bashrc

# User specific aliases and functions

alias rm='rm -i'
alias cp='cp -i'
alias mv='mv -i'

# Source global definitions
if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then
        . /etc/bashrc
fi

/etc/profile.d/colorls.sh 包含两个引用ll：

># cat /etc/profile.d/colorls.sh
# color-ls initialization

#when USER_LS_COLORS defined do not override user LS_COLORS, but use them.
if [ -z "$USER_LS_COLORS" ]; then

  alias ll='ls -l' 2>/dev/null
  alias l.='ls -d .*' 2>/dev/null


  # Skip the rest for noninteractive shells.
  [ -z "$PS1" ] && return

  COLORS=

  for colors in "$HOME/.dir_colors.$TERM" "$HOME/.dircolors.$TERM" \
      "$HOME/.dir_colors" "$HOME/.dircolors"; do
    [ -e "$colors" ] && COLORS="$colors" && break
  done

  [ -z "$COLORS" ] && [ -e "/etc/DIR_COLORS.256color" ] && \
      [ "x`tty -s && tput colors 2>/dev/null`" = "x256" ] && \
      COLORS="/etc/DIR_COLORS.256color"

  if [ -z "$COLORS" ]; then
    for colors in "/etc/DIR_COLORS.$TERM" "/etc/DIR_COLORS" ; do
      [ -e "$colors" ] && COLORS="$colors" && break
    done
  fi

  # Existence of $COLORS already checked above.
  [ -n "$COLORS" ] || return

  eval "`dircolors --sh "$COLORS" 2>/dev/null`"
  [ -z "$LS_COLORS" ] && return
  grep -qi "^COLOR.*none" $COLORS >/dev/null 2>/dev/null && return
fi

alias ll='ls -l --color=auto' 2>/dev/null
alias l.='ls -d .* --color=auto' 2>/dev/null
alias ls='ls --color=auto' 2>/dev/null

那么，我是否要编辑 /etc/profile.d/colorls.sh？如果是，那么在ll显示的两个位置编辑吗？或者有更好的方法吗？

答案1

如果所有用户都有 .bashrc 并且引用执行 /etc/bashrc，那么在该文件底部添加一行将是进行此修改并覆盖先前别名的好地方。

在 /etc/bashrc 的底部添加一些注释和新的别名，例如：

# Setting ll alias -- August 2014
# by XXXX

alias ll='ls -lha --color=auto'

我认为这是修改 colorls.sh 的一个干净、简单的替代方法。

编辑：

是的，你说得对。更好的方法是创建 /etc/profile.d/custom.sh 并在其中添加别名。

事实上，我应该修正我的答案。

只需创建文件 /etc/profile.d/custom.sh，在那里添加您的自定义内容并为其设置执行标志。

其他有用的信息：http://www.thelinuxdaily.com/2010/08/setup-a-universal-user-profile-with-etcprofile-dcustom-sh/

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