我正在尝试使用 Shibboleth SP（Windows Server 2008 R2 上的 64 位）通过 ADFS 2.0（64 位 Windows Server 2008 R2）进行身份验证。当我浏览到受 Shibboleth 保护的站点时，我收到 500 错误，Shibboleth native_warn 日志中显示以下内容：
2014-12-08 14:44:28 ERROR Shibboleth.Listener [2648] isapi_shib: remoted message returned an error: Unable to locate metadata for identity provider (https://adfs.int.example.com/adfs/ls/)
2014-12-08 14:44:28 ERROR Shibboleth.ISAPI [2648] isapi_shib: Unable to locate metadata for identity provider (https://adfs.int.example.com/adfs/ls/)
2014-12-08 14:44:30 ERROR Shibboleth.Listener [2648] isapi_shib: remoted message returned an error: Unable to locate metadata for identity provider (https://adfs.int.example.com/adfs/ls/)
2014-12-08 14:44:30 ERROR Shibboleth.ISAPI [2648] isapi_shib: Unable to locate metadata for identity provider (https://adfs.int.example/adfs/ls/)
在本机日志中显示元数据已加载：
2014-12-08 14:44:23 INFO OpenSAML.MetadataProvider.XML : loaded XML resource (https://adfs.int.example.com/FederationMetadata/2007-06/FederationMetadata.xml)
这是我的整个 Shibboleth2.xml 文件：
<SPConfig xmlns="urn:mace:shibboleth:2.0:native:sp:config"
xmlns:conf="urn:mace:shibboleth:2.0:native:sp:config"
xmlns:saml="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:assertion"
xmlns:samlp="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:protocol"
xmlns:md="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:metadata"
clockSkew="180">
<!--
The InProcess section contains settings affecting web server modules.
Required for IIS, but can be removed when using other web servers.
-->
<InProcess logger="native.logger">
<ISAPI normalizeRequest="true" safeHeaderNames="true">
<!--
Maps IIS Instance ID values to the host scheme/name/port. The name is
required so that the proper <Host> in the request map above is found without
having to cover every possible DNS/IP combination the user might enter.
-->
<Site id="1" name="iris-shib.int.example.com" scheme="https" port="443"/>
<!--
When the port and scheme are omitted, the HTTP request's port and scheme are used.
If these are wrong because of virtualization, they can be explicitly set here to
ensure proper redirect generation.
-->
<!--
<Site id="42" name="virtual.example.org" scheme="https" port="443"/>
-->
</ISAPI>
</InProcess>
<!--
By default, in-memory StorageService, ReplayCache, ArtifactMap, and SessionCache
are used. See example-shibboleth2.xml for samples of explicitly configuring them.
-->
<!--
To customize behavior for specific resources on IIS, and to link vhosts or
resources to ApplicationOverride settings below, use the XML syntax below.
See https://wiki.shibboleth.net/confluence/display/SHIB2/NativeSPRequestMapHowTo for help.
Apache users should rely on web server options/commands in most cases, and can remove the
RequestMapper element. See https://wiki.shibboleth.net/confluence/display/SHIB2/NativeSPApacheConfig
-->
<RequestMapper type="Native">
<RequestMap>
<!--
The example requires a session for documents in /secure on the containing host with http and
https on the default ports. Note that the name and port in the <Host> elements MUST match
Apache's ServerName and Port directives or the IIS Site name in the <ISAPI> element above.
-->
<Host name="iris-shib.int.example.com" authType="shibboleth" requireSession="true"/>
</RequestMap>
</RequestMapper>
<!--
The ApplicationDefaults element is where most of Shibboleth's SAML bits are defined.
Resource requests are mapped by the RequestMapper to an applicationId that
points into to this section (or to the defaults here).
-->
<ApplicationDefaults entityID="https://iris-shib.int.example.com/shibboleth"
REMOTE_USER="eppn persistent-id targeted-id">
<!--
Controls session lifetimes, address checks, cookie handling, and the protocol handlers.
You MUST supply an effectively unique handlerURL value for each of your applications.
The value defaults to /Shibboleth.sso, and should be a relative path, with the SP computing
a relative value based on the virtual host. Using handlerSSL="true", the default, will force
the protocol to be https. You should also set cookieProps to "https" for SSL-only sites.
Note that while we default checkAddress to "false", this has a negative impact on the
security of your site. Stealing sessions via cookie theft is much easier with this disabled.
-->
<Sessions lifetime="28800" timeout="3600" relayState="ss:mem"
checkAddress="false" handlerSSL="true" cookieProps="https">
<!--
Configures SSO for a default IdP. To allow for >1 IdP, remove
entityID property and adjust discoveryURL to point to discovery service.
(Set discoveryProtocol to "WAYF" for legacy Shibboleth WAYF support.)
You can also override entityID on /Login query string, or in RequestMap/htaccess.
-->
<SSO entityID="https://adfs.int.example.com/adfs/ls/"
discoveryProtocol="SAMLDS" discoveryURL="https://ds.example.org/DS/WAYF">
SAML2 SAML1
</SSO>
<!-- SAML and local-only logout. -->
<Logout>SAML2 Local</Logout>
<!-- Extension service that generates "approximate" metadata based on SP configuration. -->
<Handler type="MetadataGenerator" Location="/Metadata" signing="false"/>
<!-- Status reporting service. -->
<Handler type="Status" Location="/Status" acl="127.0.0.1 ::1"/>
<!-- Session diagnostic service. -->
<Handler type="Session" Location="/Session" showAttributeValues="false"/>
<!-- JSON feed of discovery information. -->
<Handler type="DiscoveryFeed" Location="/DiscoFeed"/>
</Sessions>
<!--
Allows overriding of error template information/filenames. You can
also add attributes with values that can be plugged into the templates.
-->
<Errors supportContact="root@localhost"
helpLocation="/about.html"
styleSheet="/shibboleth-sp/main.css"/>
<!-- Example of remotely supplied batch of signed metadata. -->
<!--
<MetadataProvider type="XML" uri="http://federation.org/federation-metadata.xml"
backingFilePath="federation-metadata.xml" reloadInterval="7200">
<MetadataFilter type="RequireValidUntil" maxValidityInterval="2419200"/>
<MetadataFilter type="Signature" certificate="fedsigner.pem"/>
</MetadataProvider>
-->
<!-- Example of locally maintained metadata. -->
<!--<MetadataProvider type="XML" file="FederationMetadata.xml"/>-->
<MetadataProvider
type="XML"
uri="https://adfs.int.example.com/FederationMetadata/2007-06/FederationMetadata.xml"
backingFilePath="federation-metadata.xml"
reloadInterval="7200"
/>
<!-- Map to extract attributes from SAML assertions. -->
<AttributeExtractor type="XML" validate="true" reloadChanges="false" path="attribute-map.xml"/>
<!-- Use a SAML query if no attributes are supplied during SSO. -->
<AttributeResolver type="Query" subjectMatch="true"/>
<!-- Default filtering policy for recognized attributes, lets other data pass. -->
<AttributeFilter type="XML" validate="true" path="attribute-policy.xml"/>
<!-- Simple file-based resolver for using a single keypair. -->
<CredentialResolver type="File" key="sp-key.pem" certificate="sp-cert.pem"/>
<!--
The default settings can be overridden by creating ApplicationOverride elements (see
the https://wiki.shibboleth.net/confluence/display/SHIB2/NativeSPApplicationOverride topic).
Resource requests are mapped by web server commands, or the RequestMapper, to an
applicationId setting.
Example of a second application (for a second vhost) that has a different entityID.
Resources on the vhost would map to an applicationId of "admin":
-->
<!--
<ApplicationOverride id="admin" entityID="https://admin.example.org/shibboleth"/>
-->
</ApplicationDefaults>
<!-- Policies that determine how to process and authenticate runtime messages. -->
<SecurityPolicyProvider type="XML" validate="true" path="security-policy.xml"/>
<!-- Low-level configuration about protocols and bindings available for use. -->
<ProtocolProvider type="XML" validate="true" reloadChanges="false" path="protocols.xml"/>
我尝试加载本地元数据文件，结果相同。我还注释掉了两种类型的元数据行，在 native_warn 日志中出现以下错误，因此看起来元数据确实正在加载：
2014-12-08 14:57:31 ERROR Shibboleth.Listener [2648] isapi_shib: remoted message returned an error: No MetadataProvider available.
2014-12-08 14:57:31 ERROR Shibboleth.ISAPI [2648] isapi_shib: No MetadataProvider available.
目前，我不确定 ADFS 2.0 提供的元数据是否存在问题。我无法在此处粘贴所有内容（由于字符数限制）。是否有某个部分需要我检查？
答案1
您的标识符 uri 错误。https://adfs.int.example.com/adfs/ls/“是端点，而不是标识符。
标识符是http://adfs.int.example.com/adfs/services/trust“默认情况下。请注意，它不是 https。但管理员可以更改它。我不知道你有没有。
您可以使用 get-adfsproperties cmdlet 或 AD FS 管理控制台来查看现有标识符。
否则阅读https://adfs.int.example.com/FederationMetadata/2007-06/FederationMetadata.xml元数据文件以查看标识符。它提到了 entityID。
标识符区分大小写，且必须与 AD FS 使用的标识符完全一致。
更改
<SSO entityID="https://adfs.int.example.com/adfs/ls/"
discoveryProtocol="SAMLDS" discoveryURL="https://ds.example.org/DS/WAYF">
SAML2 SAML1
</SSO>
一旦你弄清楚了正在使用的标识符，就会变成下面这样
<SSO entityID="http://adfs.int.example.com/adfs/services/trust"
discoveryProtocol="SAMLDS" discoveryURL="https://ds.example.org/DS/WAYF">
SAML2 SAML1
</SSO>