我注意到我的网站今天瘫痪了，当我通过 ssh 进入我的机器并运行时top，我发现我的服务器负载非常高。我迅速关闭了 apache 并等待负载下降，但是当我重新启动 apache 时，负载和进程开始快速上升。该网站是一个基本的 wordpress 博客。
以下是输出top
top - 15:24:50 up 11:19, 1 user, load average: 29.76, 24.04, 19.27
Tasks: 129 total, 33 running, 96 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 30.5 us, 2.8 sy, 0.0 ni, 0.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 66.8 st
KiB Mem: 2048448 total, 1092188 used, 956260 free, 162896 buffers
KiB Swap: 1048572 total, 0 used, 1048572 free. 397860 cached Mem
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
1061 mysql 20 0 897664 111416 7784 S 4.3 5.4 13:56.63 mysqld
7205 ubuntu 20 0 406700 38676 23276 R 3.6 1.9 0:20.75 apache2
7273 ubuntu 20 0 406840 41928 26636 R 3.6 2.0 0:13.05 apache2
7137 ubuntu 20 0 407284 39664 23872 R 3.3 1.9 0:30.87 apache2
7196 ubuntu 20 0 407208 40160 24464 R 3.3 2.0 0:21.61 apache2
7202 ubuntu 20 0 406796 38720 23168 R 3.3 1.9 0:21.10 apache2
7203 ubuntu 20 0 407576 42880 26596 R 3.3 2.1 0:20.74 apache2
7218 ubuntu 20 0 406040 38772 24004 R 3.3 1.9 0:18.09 apache2
7219 ubuntu 20 0 406952 39360 23744 R 3.3 1.9 0:18.09 apache2
7222 ubuntu 20 0 406804 38420 23128 R 3.3 1.9 0:17.48 apache2
7228 ubuntu 20 0 402540 36764 25320 R 3.3 1.8 0:17.75 apache2
7244 ubuntu 20 0 407060 38652 23096 R 3.3 1.9 0:16.10 apache2
7245 ubuntu 20 0 407052 38764 23220 R 3.3 1.9 0:15.67 apache2
7252 ubuntu 20 0 406736 39336 23944 R 3.3 1.9 0:15.70 apache2
7254 ubuntu 20 0 407316 39552 23712 R 3.3 1.9 0:14.81 apache2
7256 ubuntu 20 0 407264 40444 24748 R 3.3 2.0 0:14.41 apache2
7260 ubuntu 20 0 406544 38948 23908 R 3.3 1.9 0:15.01 apache2
以下是当时连接的 IP 数量：
netstat -ntu | grep ESTAB | awk '{print $5}' | cut -d: -f1 | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr
2 75.112.**
1 54.251.**
1 54.245.**
1 54.232.**
1 54.228.**
这是我的硬件信息
description: Computer
product: HVM domU ()
vendor: Xen
version: 4.2.amazon
serial: **
width: 64 bits
capabilities: smbios-2.4 dmi-2.4 ldt16 vsyscall32
configuration: boot=normal uuid=**
*-core
description: Motherboard
physical id: 0
*-firmware:0
description: BIOS
vendor: Xen
physical id: 0
version: 4.2.amazon
date: 12/03/2014
size: 96KiB
capabilities: pci edd
*-cpu:0
description: CPU
product: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2670 v2 @ 2.50GHz
vendor: Intel Corp.
physical id: 1
bus info: cpu@0
slot: CPU 1
size: 2500MHz
capacity: 2500MHz
width: 64 bits
capabilities: fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx rdtscp x86-64 constant_tsc rep_good nopl xtopology eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm xsaveopt fsgsbase smep erms
*-memory:0
description: System Memory
physical id: 2
capacity: 2GiB
*-bank:0
description: DIMM RAM
physical id: 0
slot: DIMM 0
size: 2GiB
width: 64 bits
*-bank:1
description: DIMM RAM
physical id: 1
slot: DIMM 0
size: 2GiB
width: 64 bits
*-firmware:1
description: BIOS
vendor: Xen
physical id: 3
version: 4.2.amazon
date: 12/03/2014
size: 96KiB
capabilities: pci edd
*-cpu:1
description: CPU
vendor: Intel
physical id: 4
bus info: cpu@1
slot: CPU 1
size: 2500MHz
capacity: 2500MHz
*-memory:1
description: System Memory
physical id: 5
capacity: 2GiB
*-memory:2 UNCLAIMED
physical id: 6
*-memory:3 UNCLAIMED
physical id: 7
*-pci
description: Host bridge
product: 440FX - 82441FX PMC [Natoma]
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 100
bus info: pci@0000:00:00.0
version: 02
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
*-isa
description: ISA bridge
product: 82371SB PIIX3 ISA [Natoma/Triton II]
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1
bus info: pci@0000:00:01.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: isa bus_master
configuration: latency=0
*-ide
description: IDE interface
product: 82371SB PIIX3 IDE [Natoma/Triton II]
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1.1
bus info: pci@0000:00:01.1
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: ide bus_master
configuration: driver=ata_piix latency=64
resources: irq:0 ioport:1f0(size=8) ioport:3f6 ioport:170(size=8) ioport:376 ioport:c100(size=16)
*-bridge UNCLAIMED
description: Bridge
product: 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 ACPI
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1.3
bus info: pci@0000:00:01.3
version: 01
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: bridge bus_master
configuration: latency=0
*-display UNCLAIMED
description: VGA compatible controller
product: GD 5446
vendor: Cirrus Logic
physical id: 2
bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: vga_controller bus_master
configuration: latency=0
resources: memory:f0000000-f1ffffff memory:f3000000-f3000fff
*-generic
description: Unassigned class
product: Xen Platform Device
vendor: XenSource, Inc.
physical id: 3
bus info: pci@0000:00:03.0
version: 01
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: bus_master
configuration: driver=xen-platform-pci latency=0
resources: irq:28 ioport:c000(size=256) memory:f2000000-f2ffffff
*-network
description: Ethernet interface
physical id: 1
logical name: eth0
serial: **
capabilities: ethernet physical
configuration: broadcast=yes driver=vif ip=*** link=yes multicast=yes
关于如何进一步调试这个问题，有什么建议吗？
编辑：
我想我也应该添加这个。我MaxClients按照@nochkin 的建议将负载从 30 降至 10，负载降至约 8.0。
<IfModule mpm_prefork_module>
StartServers 3
MinSpareServers 3
MaxSpareServers 5
MaxClients 10
MaxRequestsPerChild 0
</IfModule>
答案1
您需要将启动的子进程数调整为较低的值。根据您的配置，该值可能位于 httpd-mpm.conf 或 httpd.conf 文件中。