无法在 CentOS 7 上安装 Varnish

Question

我正在尝试在 CentOS 7 上安装 Varnish 4。

我首先添加了这些 rpm：

sudo rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/jemalloc-3.6.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
sudo rpm -iUvh http://195.220.108.108/linux/centos/7.0.1406/extras/x86_64/Packages/epel-release-7-2.noarch.rpm

yum install varnish

但我明白这一点：

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.team-cymru.org
 * epel: mirror.steadfast.net
 * extras: mirror.team-cymru.org
 * updates: mirror.team-cymru.org
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package varnish.x86_64 0:4.0.2-1.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: varnish-libs = 4.0.2-1.el6 for package: varnish-4.0.2-1.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libvarnishapi.so.1(LIBVARNISHAPI_1.3)(64bit) for package: varnish-4.0.2-1.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libvarnishapi.so.1(LIBVARNISHAPI_1.2)(64bit) for package: varnish-4.0.2-1.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libvarnishapi.so.1(LIBVARNISHAPI_1.0)(64bit) for package: varnish-4.0.2-1.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libvarnishapi.so.1(LIBVARNISHAPI_1.1)(64bit) for package: varnish-4.0.2-1.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libvarnishapi.so.1()(64bit) for package: varnish-4.0.2-1.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libpcre.so.0()(64bit) for package: varnish-4.0.2-1.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libvcc.so()(64bit) for package: varnish-4.0.2-1.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libvarnishcompat.so()(64bit) for package: varnish-4.0.2-1.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libvarnish.so()(64bit) for package: varnish-4.0.2-1.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libvgz.so()(64bit) for package: varnish-4.0.2-1.el6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package varnish.x86_64 0:4.0.2-1.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libpcre.so.0()(64bit) for package: varnish-4.0.2-1.el6.x86_64
---> Package varnish-libs.x86_64 0:4.0.2-1.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libpcre.so.0()(64bit) for package: varnish-libs-4.0.2-1.el6.x86_64
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: Package: varnish-libs-4.0.2-1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
           Requires: libpcre.so.0()(64bit)
           Available: varnish-4.0.0-0.20131129tp1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
               libpcre.so.0()(64bit)
           Available: varnish-4.0.0-0.20140328beta1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
               libpcre.so.0()(64bit)
           Available: varnish-4.0.0-1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
               libpcre.so.0()(64bit)
           Available: varnish-libs-4.0.0-0.20131129tp1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
               libpcre.so.0()(64bit)
           Available: varnish-libs-4.0.0-0.20140328beta1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
               libpcre.so.0()(64bit)
           Available: varnish-libs-4.0.0-1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
               libpcre.so.0()(64bit)
           Available: varnish-4.0.1-1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
               Not found
           Available: varnish-4.0.1-2.el7.x86_64 (epel)
               Not found
           Installing: varnish-4.0.2-1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
               Not found
           Available: varnish-libs-4.0.1-1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
               Not found
           Available: varnish-libs-4.0.1-2.el7.x86_64 (epel)
               Not found
           Installing: varnish-libs-4.0.2-1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
               Not found
Error: Package: varnish-4.0.2-1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
           Requires: libpcre.so.0()(64bit)
           Available: varnish-4.0.0-0.20131129tp1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
               libpcre.so.0()(64bit)
           Available: varnish-4.0.0-0.20140328beta1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
               libpcre.so.0()(64bit)
           Available: varnish-4.0.0-1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
               libpcre.so.0()(64bit)
           Available: varnish-libs-4.0.0-0.20131129tp1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
               libpcre.so.0()(64bit)
           Available: varnish-libs-4.0.0-0.20140328beta1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
               libpcre.so.0()(64bit)
           Available: varnish-libs-4.0.0-1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
               libpcre.so.0()(64bit)
           Available: varnish-4.0.1-1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
               Not found
           Available: varnish-4.0.1-2.el7.x86_64 (epel)
               Not found
           Installing: varnish-4.0.2-1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
               Not found
           Available: varnish-libs-4.0.1-1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
               Not found
           Available: varnish-libs-4.0.1-2.el7.x86_64 (epel)
               Not found
           Installing: varnish-libs-4.0.2-1.el6.x86_64 (varnish-4.0)
               Not found
 You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
 You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest

Answer 1

我不知道你遵循的是谁的指示，但这些指示要么是错误的，要么就是错误的指示。

在干净的 CentOS 7 系统上，您可以通过以下方式安装 Varnish 4：

yum install epel-release
yum install varnish

由于您的系统不再干净，您必须先清理它。特别是：

1. 您安装了jemallocEL6 的软件包。您需要将其替换为 EL7 的软件包。由于您已经安装了 EPEL 存储库，因此只需执行以下操作即可：

   yum update jemalloc
   

   否则，只需删除并重新安装它。

   rpm --nodeps -e jemalloc
   yum install jemalloc
   

2. 你安装了一个名为的存储库varnish-4.0（可能是Varnish 社区) 但您没有提到这一点。您需要删除它，因为 (a) 它仅适用于 EL6，并且 (b) EPEL 已经发布了 Varnish 4。

   rpm --nodeps -e $(rpm -qf /etc/yum.repos.d/varnish*.repo)
   

3. 最后，您的系统应该是干净的，您可以安装 Varnish。

   yum install varnish
   

最后说明：EPEL Varnish 将落后于上游 Varnish 点发布，原因是EPEL 的企业 QA 要求。如果跟踪点发布对你来说很重要，你可能希望参与质量保证流程在 EPEL 中查找此软件包。这通常涉及构建或安装测试软件包，然后投票赞成或反对根据它是否有效。（例如，在撰写本文时，Varnish 4.0.2 是最新上游，它还需要 3 个赞成票才能在 EPEL 中升级为稳定版本。）