我在 ubuntu 14.04.1 上运行 Postfix 邮件。
我想“在 Postfix 服务器收到邮件时触发 PHP 脚本”经过调查和许多教程的帮助，我已经配置了“后缀“ & ”Postfix 虚拟别名“第一次（我对此没有很深的了解）我写了我的 php 代码但是脚本输出始终为空。以下是允许您检测我的错误的所有必要文件。
主配置文件
# See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version
# Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first
# line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default
# is /etc/mailname.
#myorigin = /etc/mailname
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu)
biff = no
# appending .domain is the MUA's job.
append_dot_mydomain = no
# Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings
#delay_warning_time = 4h
readme_directory = no
# TLS parameters
smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
smtpd_use_tls=yes
smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache
smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache
# See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for
# information on enabling SSL in the smtp client.
smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks permit_sasl_authenticated defer_unauth_destination
myhostname = localhost
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
myorigin = /etc/mailname
mydestination = domain1.com, panawara.org, panawaredev-MS-7788, localhost.localdomain, localhost
relayhost =
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128
mailbox_size_limit = 0
recipient_delimiter = +
inet_interfaces = all
inet_protocols = all
home_mailbox = Maildir/
virtual_mailbox_domains = /etc/postfix/vhosts
virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail
virtual_mailbox_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/vmaps
virtual_minimum_uid = 1000
virtual_uid_maps = static:5000
virtual_gid_maps = static:5000
主配置文件
# Postfix master process configuration file. For details on the format
# of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: "man 5 master" or
# on-line: http://www.postfix.org/master.5.html).
#
# Do not forget to execute "postfix reload" after editing this file.
#
# ==========================================================================
# service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args
# (yes) (yes) (yes) (never) (100)
# ==========================================================================
#smtp inet n - - - 1 postscreen
#smtpd pass - - - - - smtpd
#dnsblog unix - - - - 0 dnsblog
#tlsproxy unix - - - - 0 tlsproxy
#submission inet n - - - - smtpd
# -o syslog_name=postfix/submission
# -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
# -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
# -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no
# -o smtpd_client_restrictions=$mua_client_restrictions
# -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions
# -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions
# -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=
# -o smtpd_relay_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#smtps inet n - - - - smtpd
# -o syslog_name=postfix/smtps
# -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes
# -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
# -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no
# -o smtpd_client_restrictions=$mua_client_restrictions
# -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions
# -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions
# -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=
# -o smtpd_relay_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#628 inet n - - - - qmqpd
pickup unix n - - 60 1 pickup
pickup fifo n - - 60 1 pickup
-o content_filter=filter:dummy
cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup
qmgr unix n - n 300 1 qmgr
#qmgr unix n - n 300 1 oqmgr
tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr
rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite
bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce
defer unix - - - - 0 bounce
trace unix - - - - 0 bounce
verify unix - - - - 1 verify
flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush
proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap
proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap
smtp unix - - - - - smtp
relay unix - - - - - smtp
# -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5
showq unix n - - - - showq
error unix - - - - - error
retry unix - - - - - error
discard unix - - - - - discard
local unix - n n - - local
virtual unix - n n - - virtual
lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp
anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil
scache unix - - - - 1 scache
smtp inet n - - - - smtpd
-o content_filter=filter:dummy
#myhook unix - n n - - pipe
# flags=F user=vmail argv=/home/panawaredev/Documents/postfix.php ${sender} ${size} ${recipient}
filter unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Rq user=vmail null_sender=
argv=/home/panawaredev/Documents/postfix.php ${sender} -- ${recipient}
#
# ====================================================================
# Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual
# pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants.
#
# Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery
# agent. See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient}
# and other message envelope options.
# ====================================================================
#
# maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details.
# Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
maildrop unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
#
# ====================================================================
#
# Recent Cyrus versions can use the existing "lmtp" master.cf entry.
#
# Specify in cyrus.conf:
# lmtp cmd="lmtpd -a" listen="localhost:lmtp" proto=tcp4
#
# Specify in main.cf one or more of the following:
# mailbox_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost
# virtual_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost
#
# ====================================================================
#
# Cyrus 2.1.5 (Amos Gouaux)
# Also specify in main.cf: cyrus_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
#cyrus unix - n n - - pipe
# user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -r ${sender} -m ${extension} ${user}
#
# ====================================================================
# Old example of delivery via Cyrus.
#
#old-cyrus unix - n n - - pipe
# flags=R user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -m ${extension} ${user}
#
# ====================================================================
#
# See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details.
#
uucp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient)
#
# Other external delivery methods.
#
ifmail unix - n n - - pipe
flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient)
bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient
scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe
flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension}
mailman unix - n n - - pipe
flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py
${nexthop} ${user}
postfix.php
#!/usr/bin/php
<?php
$file = fopen("postfixtest", "a");
fwrite($file, "Script successfully ran at ".date("Y-m-d H:i:s")."\n");
// read from stdin
$fd = fopen("php://stdin", "r");
$email = "first test";
while (!feof($fd)) {
$line = fread($fd, 1024);
$email .= $line;
echo ".";
}
echo $email;
fclose($fd);
fwrite($file, $email);
fclose($file);
?>
邮件日志文件
Apr 12 22:43:16 panawaredev-MS-7788 postfix/cleanup[10886]: 4B84620ECC: message-id=<20150412214316.4B84620ECC@localhost>
Apr 12 22:43:16 panawaredev-MS-7788 postfix/bounce[10891]: 3680120ECA: sender non-delivery notification: 4B84620ECC
Apr 12 22:43:16 panawaredev-MS-7788 postfix/qmgr[10293]: 4B84620ECC: from=<>, size=2234, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Apr 12 22:43:16 panawaredev-MS-7788 postfix/qmgr[10293]: 3680120ECA: removed
Apr 12 22:43:16 panawaredev-MS-7788 postfix/local[10892]: 4B84620ECC: to=<[email protected]>, relay=local, delay=0.07, delays=0.03/0/0/0.03, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (delivered to maildir)
Apr 12 22:43:16 panawaredev-MS-7788 postfix/qmgr[10293]: 4B84620ECC: removed
grep 3680120ECA /var/log/mail.log
panawaredev@panawaredev-MS-7788:~$ grep 3680120ECA /var/log/mail.log
Apr 12 22:43:16 panawaredev-MS-7788 postfix/pickup[10478]: 3680120ECA: uid=1000 from=<panawaredev>
Apr 12 22:43:16 panawaredev-MS-7788 postfix/cleanup[10886]: 3680120ECA: message-id=<20150412214316.3680120ECA@localhost>
Apr 12 22:43:16 panawaredev-MS-7788 postfix/qmgr[10293]: 3680120ECA: from=<[email protected]>, size=309, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Apr 12 22:43:16 panawaredev-MS-7788 postfix/pipe[10888]: 3680120ECA: to=<[email protected]>, relay=filter, delay=0.12, delays=0.07/0/0/0.05, dsn=5.3.0, status=bounced (Command died with status 255: "/home/panawaredev/Documents/postfix.php". Command output: PHP Parse error: syntax error, unexpected '=' in /home/panawaredev/Documents/postfix.php on line 3 )
Apr 12 22:43:16 panawaredev-MS-7788 postfix/bounce[10891]: 3680120ECA: sender non-delivery notification: 4B84620ECC
Apr 12 22:43:16 panawaredev-MS-7788 postfix/qmgr[10293]: 3680120ECA: removed
这是“当您的 Postfix 服务器收到邮件时触发 PHP 脚本”的正确方法吗？
如果是，您能帮助我运行我的脚本吗，或者还有什么建议可以找到其他方法。
答案1
在 maillog 上执行 tail -f，将其导入程序并查找已发送的语句。这样，您就不会干扰系统的垃圾邮件过滤，并且只会获得可靠的结果。您还会知道谁收到了该消息 - 它在日志文件中...
至于 php，嗯，它不适合做这个，但你的监视程序可以启动 php 来做任何需要做的事情。真正聪明的人甚至可能能够弄清楚如何利用 php 来做到这一点，但同样，这不是我的选择。
尝试通过您提出的机制来捕获邮件可能永远都行不通。
答案2
以上所有配置都是正确的，并且上面提到的 2 个教程非常有用。
这个问题是由于 ubuntu 中的权限引起的。
我使用了“sudo”：
sudo mail -s "hello" -a /path/file.dat [email protected]
content of my email is here
.
cc:
然后脚本运行。