☰

OCSP 响应器不存在？

tag-icon • tag-icon openssl x509 ocsp
OCSP 响应器不存在？

我正在尝试设置 OCSP 验证例程，因此想先熟悉一下环境。例如，在OpenSSL：根据 OCSP 手动验证证书。

出现了多个问题，所以请耐心等待。

自该教程以来，已经有了一些变化，但我认为要点是：

1）获取您要验证的证书，例如

openssl s_client -connect wikipedia.org:443 2>&1 < /dev/null | sed -n '/-----BEGIN/,/-----END/p' > wikipedia.pem

2）建立证书链，例如

openssl s_client -connect wikipedia.org:443 -showcerts 2>&1 < /dev/null > chain.pem

然后进行适当的编辑。我发现上面没有提供自签名 CA 证书 GlobalSignRootCA，因此将其添加进去。

3）确定 ocsp URI，例如

openssl x509 -noout -ocsp_uri -in wikipedia.pem

返回

http://ocsp2.globalsign.com/gsorganizationvalsha2g2

4）调用 openssl ocsp 客户端，例如

openssl ocsp -issuer chain.pem -cert wikipedia.pem -url http://ocsp2.globalsign.com/gsorganizationvalsha2g2

返回

[woody@oc2042275410 testCerts]$ openssl ocsp -issuer chain.pem -cert wikipedia.pem -url http ://ocsp2.globalsign.com/gsorganizationvalsha2g2
Error querying OCSP responsder
140062843348808:error:27076072:OCSP routines:PARSE_HTTP_LINE1:server response error:ocsp_ht.c:250:Code=403,Reason=Forbidden

（回应者？）

我了解到这是由于虚拟化问题造成的，所以

openssl ocsp -issuer chain.pem -cert wikipedia.pem -url http://ocsp2.globalsign.com/gsorganizationvalsha2g2 -header "HOST" "ocsp2.globalsign.com"

得出

Response Verify Failure
140400906352456:error:27069065:OCSP routines:OCSP_basic_verify:certificate verify error:ocsp_vfy.c:126:Verify error:unable to get local issuer certificate
wikipedia.pem: good
    This Update: Apr 28 23:10:10 2015 GMT
    Next Update: Apr 29 11:10:10 2015 GMT

因此我得到 OCSP 返回证书良好，但这引出了问题 1： 为什么出现“无法获取本地发行者证书”错误？

好的，再次尝试使用 Google。同样的例程，捕获证书，检查 OCSP URI：

openssl x509 -noout -ocsp_uri -in google.pem

产量

http://clients1.google.com/ocsp.

很公平：

openssl ocsp -issuer gchain.pem -cert google.pem -url http://clients1.google.com/ocsp
Error querying OCSP responsder
140433209165640:error:27076072:OCSP routines:PARSE_HTTP_LINE1:server response error:ocsp_ht.c:250:Code=404,Reason=Not Found

未找到？这似乎令人惊讶。使用 wireshark 检查：

> POST /ocsp HTTP/1.0
> Content-Type: application/ocsp-request
> Content-Length: 112

> 0n0l0E0C0A0...+..........j.....p.I.#z...(~d...U.. [.5...J:.......l..9.....{6.#0!0...+.....0......].O.9..}d`.L...
< ~HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found
< Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
< X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
< Date: Tue, 28 Apr 2015 22:42:40 GMT
< Server: sffe
< Content-Length: 1429
< X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
< Alternate-Protocol: 80:quic,p=1
< 
< <!DOCTYPE html>
< <html lang=en>
<   <meta charset=utf-8>
<   <meta name=viewport content="initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, width=device-width">
<   <title>Error 404 (Not Found)!!1</title>
<   <style>
<     *{margin:0;padding:0}html,code{font:15px/22px arial,sans-serif}html{background:#fff;color:#222;padding:15px}body{margin:7% auto 0;max-width:390px;min-height:180px;padding:30px 0 15px}* > body{background:url(//www.google.com/images/errors/robot.png) 100% 5px no-repeat;padding-right:205px}p{margin:11px 0 22px;overflow:hidden}ins{color:#777;text-decoration:none}a img{border:0}@media screen and (max-width:772px){body{background:none;margin-top:0;max-width:none;padding-right:0}}#logo{background:url(//www.google.com/images/errors/logo_sm_2.png) no-repeat}@media only screen and (min-resolution:192dpi){#logo{background:url(//www.google.com/images/errors/logo_sm_2_hr.png) no-repeat 0% 0%/100% 100%;-moz-border-image:url(//www.google.com/images/errors/logo_sm_2_hr.png) 0}}@media only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:2){#logo{background:url(//www.google.com/images/errors/logo_sm_2_hr.png) no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:100% 100%}}#logo{display:inline-block;height:55px;width:150px}
<   </style>
<   <a href=//www.google.com/><span id=logo aria-label=Google></span></a>
<   <p><b>404.</b> <ins>That...s an error.</ins>
<   <p>The requested URL <code>/ocsp</code> was not found on this server.  <ins>That...s all we know.</ins>

这就是问题 2：这是正确的吗？OCSP 已被移动，并且没有出现在 OCSP URI 中？ 是不是服务器已经统一转向 OCSP 装订，并且不再认为 OCSP 服务器重要了？

答案1

关于1）

OCSP 有一个用于验证响应的“响应签名密钥/证书对”。此证书在响应中提供给：

$ openssl ocsp -issuer chain.pem -cert wikipedia.pem -url http://ocsp2.globalsign.com/gsorganizationvalsha2g2 -header "HOST" "ocsp2.globalsign.com" -resp_text
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
[...]
UMiqxBNugzQ=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

因此让我们将其保存到 signcert.pem 并查看发生了什么：

$ openssl ocsp -issuer chain_wikipedia.pem -cert wikipedia.pem -url http://ocsp2.globalsign.com/gsorganizationvalsha2g2 -header "HOST" "ocsp2.globalsign.com" -resp_text | sed -n '/-----BEGIN/,/-----END/p' > signcert.pem
$ openssl verify signcert.pem
signcert.pem: C = BE, O = GlobalSign nv-sa, CN = GlobalSign OV CA - SHA256 - G2 OCSP responder - 2, serialNumber = 20150914163800
error 20 at 0 depth lookup:unable to get local issuer certificate

好吧...我猜我们缺少了中间部分？

$ openssl x509 -noout -text -in signcert.pem  | grep -e 'Issuer:' -e '.crt'
Issuer: C=BE, O=GlobalSign nv-sa, CN=GlobalSign Organization Validation CA - SHA256 - G2

好的，没有颁发者 URI 字段……这太脏了。让我们从 CA 获取它并形成一个链：

$ curl https://secure.globalsign.com/cacert/gsorganizationvalsha2g2r1.crt | openssl x509 -inform der -outform pem >> signcert.pem

好的，这应该是......：

$ openssl ocsp -VAfile signcert.pem -issuer chain_wikipedia.pem -cert wikipedia.pem -url http://ocsp2.globalsign.com/gsorganizationvalsha2g2 -header "HOST" "ocsp2.globalsign.com" -resp_text
[...]
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
[...]
/TiSgNCpgNg=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
Response Verify Failure

... WTF ?! 哦，不同的签名证书？！

$ cat >> signcert.pem
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIID9DCCAtygAwIBAgISESEjxqkycL2lZt0CfS9OgUN2MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUA
MGYxCzAJBgNVBAYTAkJFMRkwFwYDVQQKExBHbG9iYWxTaWduIG52LXNhMTwwOgYD
VQQDEzNHbG9iYWxTaWduIE9yZ2FuaXphdGlvbiBWYWxpZGF0aW9uIENBIC0gU0hB
MjU2IC0gRzIwHhcNMTUwODIwMTgxOTQxWhcNMTUxMTIwMTgxOTQxWjB9MQswCQYD
VQQGEwJCRTEZMBcGA1UEChMQR2xvYmFsU2lnbiBudi1zYTE6MDgGA1UEAxMxR2xv
YmFsU2lnbiBPViBDQSAtIFNIQTI1NiAtIEcyIE9DU1AgcmVzcG9uZGVyIC0gMTEX
MBUGA1UEBRMOMjAxNTA4MjAyMDE4MDAwggEiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAw
ggEKAoIBAQC+8xxGkIda/04pKK3AXuLz8S8EH4qouLbP/lrd+DFY1oI8fU4kosO+
WjvBPMeK1ZvvR6YjcNhIRsoYsDWdvhMv8/qvu1GQBrs1oC2910lg3fGIR48LR6TR
+XYC1jFv0IHaF5vp+e2nu3diJi7FKHMbP5jVdd1e6cuEcrq+pEW7WkPDQnhzh6U/
GGdhxbH8uk4KPH42Os0Rf6la99EyXzJZ8zccy0ySGnIOF5Km1efXg0qwx3PEk3MQ
fbFG3n4zE7lwBsrEgACI+V9K50tWfJIAm8Ll/xpGhvqF+6swCr0WExMcqaNpdVsf
hiHFD18k8v4R6t7ht+cWx1YvSSA+/hz3AgMBAAGjgYQwgYEwCQYDVR0TBAIwADAO
BgNVHQ8BAf8EBAMCB4AwEwYDVR0lBAwwCgYIKwYBBQUHAwkwDwYJKwYBBQUHMAEF
BAIFADAdBgNVHQ4EFgQU8haQnheoUW3t3+j0OaxZMUgEjIkwHwYDVR0jBBgwFoAU
lt5h8b0cFilTHMDMfTuDAEDmGnwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQADggEBAH0MXy5hmHXc
G88ntZ2YcM3C6AAVqpfZ2+KYwL06cjmAFvNx6nWUN2w5MD59fiQC3DENCvlEGe29
d9+zsPM4hwEVRGKBIDueXycI0BNRAViacaks4OqRcc8gi1SBE5j94yt1kfp6VBhc
yQBU4Cg5UBy4OA3SsnYdt/Ur1Xm+BDlpi5WWROM1O5UECquLU3/P1prxF78EkTdv
OSGtP1VLMS47hk5v+sUC3hnfwUyKnr2oiVV6CvxxLOipdeDGl68dVisauNf7Dp9H
YvO8OLkN9es+R2AV5iFIzLWHjsQxLOrY18bi6N0zMP7tuZIRSVpil+b49KJ8T/e1
/TiSgNCpgNg=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
^D

祈祷好运……

$ openssl ocsp -VAfile signcert.pem -issuer chain_wikipedia.pem -cert wikipedia.pem -url http://ocsp2.globalsign.com/gsorganizationvalsha2g2 -header "HOST" "ocsp2.globalsign.com"
Response verify OK
wikipedia.pem: good
        This Update: Sep 15 17:01:20 2015 GMT
        Next Update: Sep 16 05:01:20 2015 GMT

当然可以！

相关内容