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如何限制对反向代理 tomcat 上下文的访问？

tag-icon • tag-icon apache-2.2 tomcat reverse-proxy
如何限制对反向代理 tomcat 上下文的访问？

我有一个使用 Apache 反向代理运行的 Tomcat 应用程序。我试图限制对经理和主机管理器仅来自本地主机的上下文。

因此，我在两个上下文中都取消了 context.xml 文件中以下行的注释：

<!--
Remove the comment markers from around the Valve below to limit access to
the manager application to clients connecting from localhost
-->
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
     allow="127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" />

但是当我尝试从本地主机访问这些上下文时，它总是显示错误 403 页面。

我没有得到d+事情在允许属性所以我也尝试过允许="127\.0\.0\.1|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1"也没有运气。

我的 context.xml 配置有问题吗？

当连接首先通过 apache 的 mod_proxy 进行过滤时，其行为是否有所不同（ProxyPass ajp://localhost:8009)？

谢谢

答案1

这里有两种不同的机制：限制对上下文的访问（使用 完成RemoteAddrValve）和 中的内置 RBAC server.xml：

<Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
          type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
          description="User database that can be updated and saved"
          factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
          pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />

下列内容已使用 进行测试tomcat-8.0.23：

仅修改了库存配置以通过修改文件来删除localhost对阀门的注释，从而限制对上下文的访问：managerapache-tomcat-8.0.23/webapps/manager/META-INF/context.xml

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
      allow="127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" />

如果没有进一步的修改，尝试访问上下文将失败，并出现 401 HTTP 错误：

$ curl -v -L localhost:8080/manager/
*   Trying ::1...
* Connected to localhost (::1) port 8080 (#0)
> GET /manager/ HTTP/1.1
> User-Agent: curl/7.40.0
> Host: localhost:8080
> Accept: */*
>
< HTTP/1.1 302 Found
< Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
< Set-Cookie: JSESSIONID=F3F2A25463ED1CD49E154FA5428B853A; Path=/manager/; HttpOnly
< Location: http://localhost:8080/manager/html;jsessionid=F3F2A25463ED1CD49E154FA5428B853A?org.apache.catalina.filters.CSRF_NONCE=B5CB272DF379F59A8158583826850550
< Content-Type: text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1
< Content-Length: 0
< Date: Sun, 14 Jun 2015 08:47:27 GMT
<
* Connection #0 to host localhost left intact
* Issue another request to this URL: 'http://localhost:8080/manager/html;jsessionid=F3F2A25463ED1CD49E154FA5428B853A?org.apache.catalina.filters.CSRF_NONCE=B5CB272DF379F59A8158583826850550'
* Found bundle for host localhost: 0x256e460
* Re-using existing connection! (#0) with host localhost
* Connected to localhost (::1) port 8080 (#0)
> GET /manager/html;jsessionid=F3F2A25463ED1CD49E154FA5428B853A?org.apache.catalina.filters.CSRF_NONCE=B5CB272DF379F59A8158583826850550 HTTP/1.1
> User-Agent: curl/7.40.0
> Host: localhost:8080
> Accept: */*
>
< HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized
< Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
< Cache-Control: private
< Expires: Thu, 01 Jan 1970 01:00:00 GMT
< WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="Tomcat Manager Application"
< Content-Type: text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1
< Content-Length: 2474
< Date: Sun, 14 Jun 2015 08:47:27 GMT

修改apache-tomcat-8.0.23/conf/tomcat-users.xml文件后添加以下内容：

<role rolename="manager-gui"/>
<user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="manager-gui"/>

并尝试访问上下文，这次使用身份验证，成功：

$ curl -v -L -utomcat:tomcat localhost:8080/manager/
*   Trying ::1...
* Connected to localhost (::1) port 8080 (#0)
* Server auth using Basic with user 'tomcat'
> GET /manager/ HTTP/1.1
> Authorization: Basic dG9tY2F0OnRvbWNhdA==
> User-Agent: curl/7.40.0
> Host: localhost:8080
> Accept: */*
>
< HTTP/1.1 302 Found
< Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
< Set-Cookie: JSESSIONID=7890CA71EC221A152BDB4F04B66BE49E; Path=/manager/; HttpOnly
< Location: http://localhost:8080/manager/html;jsessionid=7890CA71EC221A152BDB4F04B66BE49E?org.apache.catalina.filters.CSRF_NONCE=92DAD506CB8E9E24E8454BBA94567F84
< Content-Type: text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1
< Content-Length: 0
< Date: Sun, 14 Jun 2015 08:48:09 GMT
<
* Connection #0 to host localhost left intact
* Issue another request to this URL: 'http://localhost:8080/manager/html;jsessionid=7890CA71EC221A152BDB4F04B66BE49E?org.apache.catalina.filters.CSRF_NONCE=92DAD506CB8E9E24E8454BBA94567F84'
* Found bundle for host localhost: 0x69e4c0
* Re-using existing connection! (#0) with host localhost
* Connected to localhost (::1) port 8080 (#0)
* Server auth using Basic with user 'tomcat'
> GET /manager/html;jsessionid=7890CA71EC221A152BDB4F04B66BE49E?org.apache.catalina.filters.CSRF_NONCE=92DAD506CB8E9E24E8454BBA94567F84 HTTP/1.1
> Authorization: Basic dG9tY2F0OnRvbWNhdA==
> User-Agent: curl/7.40.0
> Host: localhost:8080
> Accept: */*
>
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
< Cache-Control: private
< Expires: Thu, 01 Jan 1970 01:00:00 GMT
< Set-Cookie: JSESSIONID=42B0B26688726A802B665B0B33D1690B; Path=/manager/; HttpOnly
< Content-Type: text/html;charset=utf-8
< Transfer-Encoding: chunked
< Date: Sun, 14 Jun 2015 08:48:09 GMT

现在，如果您尝试使用不同的接口来执行请求（即不是localhost），您将遇到 403 HTTP 错误，无论您是否使用身份验证：

$ curl --interface wlp6s0 -v -L -utomcat:tomcat localhost:8080/manager/
*   Trying ::1...
*   Trying 127.0.0.1...
* Local Interface wlp6s0 is ip 192.168.1.187 using address family 2
* SO_BINDTODEVICE wlp6s0 failed with errno 1: Operation not permitted; will do regular bind
* Local port: 0
* Connected to localhost (127.0.0.1) port 8080 (#0)
* Server auth using Basic with user 'tomcat'
> GET /manager/ HTTP/1.1
> Authorization: Basic dG9tY2F0OnRvbWNhdA==
> User-Agent: curl/7.40.0
> Host: localhost:8080
> Accept: */*
>
< HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden
< Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
< Set-Cookie: JSESSIONID=2F3ADE627300D4D264478927D1F0BBFC; Path=/manager/; HttpOnly
< Content-Type: text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1
< Content-Length: 3196
< Date: Sun, 14 Jun 2015 09:06:52 GMT
<

这是意料之中的，因为我们仅限制访问localhost。

简而言之，如果您收到 403 错误响应，请检查 tomcat 正在监听的接口：

<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
           connectionTimeout="20000"
           redirectPort="8443" />

$ ss -tulpan | grep LISTEN.*8080

以及您用于请求的接口。

  tcp    LISTEN     0      100                   :::8080                 :::*      users:(("java",pid=32490,fd=48))

答案2

因此，知道我的请求是从我的服务器的公共 IP 发送的，我将 context.xml 更改为：

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
 allow="xxx\.xxx\.xxx\.xxx|127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" />

在哪里xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx是服务器的公网 IP。现在已开始运行。

谢谢你的帮助

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