我正在将一堆虚拟机从旧机器迁移到新机器。旧机器使用一些内部脚本和 lvm 逻辑卷，新机器使用 libvirt 和纯文件。配置相当统一，但有些虚拟机在新机器上运行完美，而我就是无法让其他虚拟机工作。症状是，在加载初始 ramdisk 后，我看到 BIOS 显示“从硬盘启动”的屏幕。
旧机器中的一个好的虚拟机：
/usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -cpu host -name airesisdb -smp 1 -m 1024 -vnc 127.0.0.1:10 -monitor telnet:127.0.0.1:10010,server,nowait -daemonize -localtime -usb -usbdevice tablet -net tap,ifname=vm-airesisdb,script=no -net nic,macaddr=02:13:37:00:00:10,model=virtio -rtc base=utc,clock=host,driftfix=slew -pidfile /var/run/kvm/airesisdb.pid -boot c -drive index=0,media=disk,if=virtio,boot=on,file=/dev/vg/airesisdb,cache=writeback -drive index=1,media=disk,if=virtio,file=/dev/vg/airesisdb_2,cache=writeback
旧机器上的“坏虚拟机”（运行正常）：
/usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -cpu host -name tomcat -smp 1 -m 1024 -vnc 127.0.0.1:12 -monitor telnet:127.0.0.1:10012,server,nowait -daemonize -localtime -usb -usbdevice tablet -net tap,ifname=vm-tomcat,script=no -net nic,macaddr=02:13:37:00:00:12,model=virtio -rtc base=utc,clock=host,driftfix=slew -pidfile /var/run/kvm/tomcat.pid -boot c -drive index=0,media=disk,if=virtio,boot=on,file=/dev/vg/tomcat,cache=writeback
新机器中良好虚拟机的 libvirt xml：
<domain type='kvm' id='34'>
<name>airesisdb</name>
<uuid>c591e02e-44f4-0098-4656-fb0acca557fb</uuid>
<memory unit='KiB'>1048576</memory>
<currentMemory unit='KiB'>1048576</currentMemory>
<vcpu placement='static'>1</vcpu>
<os>
<type arch='i686' machine='pc-1.1'>hvm</type>
<boot dev='cdrom'/>
</os>
<features>
<acpi/>
</features>
<cpu mode='host-model'>
<model fallback='allow'/>
</cpu>
<clock offset='localtime'/>
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
<on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
<devices>
<emulator>/usr/bin/kvm</emulator>
<disk type='block' device='disk'>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw' cache='writeback'/>
<source dev='/var/vm-storage/airesisdb'/>
<target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
<alias name='virtio-disk0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/>
</disk>
<disk type='block' device='disk'>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw' cache='writeback'/>
<source dev='/var/vm-storage/airesisdb_2'/>
<target dev='vdb' bus='virtio'/>
<alias name='virtio-disk1'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/>
</disk>
<controller type='usb' index='0'>
<alias name='usb0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x2'/>
</controller>
<interface type='network'>
<mac address='52:54:00:74:65:bd'/>
<source network='public'/>
<target dev='vm-airesisdb'/>
<model type='virtio'/>
<alias name='net0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
</interface>
<input type='tablet' bus='usb'>
<alias name='input0'/>
</input>
<input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/>
<graphics type='vnc' port='5905' autoport='yes'/>
<video>
<model type='cirrus' vram='9216' heads='1'/>
<alias name='video0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/>
</video>
<memballoon model='virtio'>
<alias name='balloon0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x0'/>
</memballoon>
</devices>
<seclabel type='none'/>
</domain>
新机器上的坏虚拟机，行为异常：
<domain type='kvm' id='46'>
<name>tomcat</name>
<uuid>12059a28-ad19-a4fe-fa71-0af26b8cbb3e</uuid>
<memory unit='KiB'>1048576</memory>
<currentMemory unit='KiB'>1048576</currentMemory>
<vcpu placement='static'>1</vcpu>
<os>
<type arch='i686' machine='pc-1.1'>hvm</type>
<boot dev='cdrom'/>
</os>
<features>
<acpi/>
</features>
<cpu mode='host-model'>
<model fallback='allow'/>
</cpu>
<clock offset='localtime'/>
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
<on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
<devices>
<emulator>/usr/bin/kvm</emulator>
<disk type='block' device='disk'>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw' cache='writeback'/>
<source dev='/var/vm-storage/tomcat'/>
<target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
<alias name='virtio-disk0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/>
</disk>
<disk type='block' device='disk'>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw' cache='writeback'/>
<source dev='/var/vm-storage/tomcat'/>
<target dev='vdb' bus='virtio'/>
<alias name='virtio-disk1'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/>
</disk>
<controller type='usb' index='0'>
<alias name='usb0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x2'/>
</controller>
<interface type='network'>
<mac address='52:54:00:4b:18:31'/>
<source network='private'/>
<target dev='vm-tomcat'/>
<model type='virtio'/>
<alias name='net0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
</interface>
<input type='tablet' bus='usb'>
<alias name='input0'/>
</input>
<input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/>
<graphics type='vnc' port='5906' autoport='yes'/>
<video>
<model type='cirrus' vram='9216' heads='1'/>
<alias name='video0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/>
</video>
<memballoon model='virtio'>
<alias name='balloon0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x0'/>
</memballoon>
</devices>
<seclabel type='none'/>
</domain>
好的虚拟机在内部运行这个：
Linux airesisdb 3.13.0-32-generic #57-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jul 15 03:51:08 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
坏的虚拟机内部运行这个：
Linux sso.edemokraciagep.org 3.16.0-60-generic #80~14.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Wed Jan 20 13:37:48 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
旧主机运行以下命令：
Linux 81.7.14.91 4.0.0-sabayon #1 SMP Fri Apr 17 08:09:22 UTC 2015 x86_64 AMD Phenom(tm) II X6 1055T Processor AuthenticAMD GNU/Linux
新主机运行此命令：
Linux adanarancs 3.2.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.2.73-2+deb7u2 x86_64 GNU/Linux
ii libvirt-bin 0.9.12.3-1+deb7u1 amd64 programs for the libvirt library
ii libvirt0 0.9.12.3-1+deb7u1 amd64 library for interfacing with different virtualization systems
我尝试过不同的功能、CPU 模式、使用不同的选项启动不同的内核，但都没有成功。
知道该问题可能是什么原因造成的吗？
答案1
-cpu host在您的帖子中，您同时在新旧机器上使用。
虽然这在迁移虚拟机时通常不会成为问题，尤其是当新机器的 CPU 比旧机器更新时。
但是，在某些情况下，这仍然会导致问题。
您可以尝试手动将新机器上的 CPU 类型指定为与旧机器匹配的 CPU 类型，或者在旧机器上找到可用的 CPU 类型，然后在新机器上使用它。通过
这种方式，您可能无法获得新机器新硬件的所有好处，但至少虚拟机将在新机器上运行，如果您选择正确的 CPU 类型，它至少应该与旧机器相当。