这应该非常简单但我就是想不通。
我有一个网络应用程序（Magento）
/srv/www/magento.com/public_html
文件系统权限是标准的 Magento 权限 http://devdocs.magento.com/guides/m1x/install/installer-privileges_after.html
这些文件归 www-data:www-data 所有
我已经安装了 ProFTPd，当我创建一个普通用户（例如 user1）时，我可以登录并在 /home/user1 中创建/删除文件，没有任何问题
我尝试设置用户主目录：
usermod -m -d /srv/www/magento.com/public_html user1
我还将 user1 添加到 www-data 组
usermod -g www-data user1
然而，尽管进行了上述所有操作，ProFTPd 仍无法切换到该目录
proftpd[20413] myserver: user1 chdir("/srv/www/magento.com/public_html"): Permission denied
我无法将文件所有权切换为 user1 所有，因为 nginx/php5-fpm 需要它们位于 www-data 下
我猜我忽略了一些其他基本的 ubuntu 文件权限问题。
有任何想法吗？
这是我的 proftpd.conf 文件
#
# /etc/proftpd/proftpd.conf -- This is a basic ProFTPD configuration file.
# To really apply changes, reload proftpd after modifications, if
# it runs in daemon mode. It is not required in inetd/xinetd mode.
#
# Includes DSO modules
Include /etc/proftpd/modules.conf
# Set off to disable IPv6 support which is annoying on IPv4 only boxes.
UseIPv6 on
# If set on you can experience a longer connection delay in many cases.
IdentLookups off
ServerName "XX.XX.XXX.XX"
ServerType standalone
DeferWelcome off
MultilineRFC2228 on
DefaultServer on
ShowSymlinks on
TimeoutNoTransfer 600
TimeoutStalled 600
TimeoutIdle 1200
DisplayLogin welcome.msg
DisplayChdir .message true
ListOptions "-l"
DenyFilter \*.*/
# Use this to jail all users in their homes
#DefaultRoot ~
# Users require a valid shell listed in /etc/shells to login.
# Use this directive to release that constrain.
RequireValidShell off
# Port 21 is the standard FTP port.
Port 21
# In some cases you have to specify passive ports range to by-pass
# firewall limitations. Ephemeral ports can be used for that, but
# feel free to use a more narrow range.
# PassivePorts 49152 65534
# If your host was NATted, this option is useful in order to
# allow passive tranfers to work. You have to use your public
# address and opening the passive ports used on your firewall as well.
# MasqueradeAddress 1.2.3.4
# This is useful for masquerading address with dynamic IPs:
# refresh any configured MasqueradeAddress directives every 8 hours
<IfModule mod_dynmasq.c>
# DynMasqRefresh 28800
</IfModule>
# To prevent DoS attacks, set the maximum number of child processes
# to 30. If you need to allow more than 30 concurrent connections
# at once, simply increase this value. Note that this ONLY works
# in standalone mode, in inetd mode you should use an inetd server
# that allows you to limit maximum number of processes per service
# (such as xinetd)
MaxInstances 30
# Set the user and group that the server normally runs at.
User proftpd
Group nogroup
# Umask 022 is a good standard umask to prevent new files and dirs
# (second parm) from being group and world writable.
Umask 022 022
# Normally, we want files to be overwriteable.
AllowOverwrite on
# Uncomment this if you are using NIS or LDAP via NSS to retrieve passwords:
# PersistentPasswd off
# This is required to use both PAM-based authentication and local passwords
# AuthOrder mod_auth_pam.c* mod_auth_unix.c
# Be warned: use of this directive impacts CPU average load!
# Uncomment this if you like to see progress and transfer rate with ftpwho
# in downloads. That is not needed for uploads rates.
#
# UseSendFile off
TransferLog /var/log/proftpd/xferlog
SystemLog /var/log/proftpd/proftpd.log
<IfModule mod_quotatab.c>
QuotaEngine off
</IfModule>
<IfModule mod_ratio.c>
Ratios off
</IfModule>
# Delay engine reduces impact of the so-called Timing Attack described in
# http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/11430/discuss
# It is on by default.
<IfModule mod_delay.c>
DelayEngine on
</IfModule>
<IfModule mod_ctrls.c>
ControlsEngine off
ControlsMaxClients 2
ControlsLog /var/log/proftpd/controls.log
ControlsInterval 5
ControlsSocket /var/run/proftpd/proftpd.sock
</IfModule>
<IfModule mod_ctrls_admin.c>
AdminControlsEngine off
</IfModule>
# Include other custom configuration files
Include /etc/proftpd/conf.d/
<IfModule mod_cap.c>
CapabilitiesEngine on
CapabilitiesSet +CAP_CHOWN
</IfModule>
<Directory /srv/www/magento.com/public_html>
UserOwner www-data
GroupOwner www-data
Umask 002 003
</Directory>
答案1
弄清楚了。
摘自此处 http://devdocs.magento.com/guides/m1x/install/installer-privileges_after.html
500 目录权限（dr-x------）赋予 Web 服务器用户读取和执行权限，以防止意外删除或修改目录中的文件。其他用户无权访问 Magento 目录。
所以基本上我所有事情都正确，除了根 public_html 目录设置为 500。将其设置为 775（安全性略低）可以解决我的问题。希望这可以帮助其他遇到此问题的人。