我一直在搜索 munin wiki 和文档,尝试了各种组合来设置自定义图表,但都以失败告终。
问题是,我根本无法理解创建自定义图表背后的机制,我所做的只是反复试验,却不了解实际发生了什么。Munin 文档在这方面的说明很差。
我正在尝试简单地生成一个包含 5 台服务器的网络流量图表,以便可以快速比较每台服务器的流量。
我只监控 5 台服务器上的 if_eth0,并且想要生成一张同时显示所有 5 台服务器的图表。
答案1
在默认的 /etc/munin/munin.conf (稳定版 2.0) 中,您可以找到以下模板:
# A more complex example of a host tree
#
## First our "normal" host.
# [fii.foo.com]
# address foo
#
## Then our other host...
# [fay.foo.com]
# address fay
#
## IPv6 host. note that the ip adress has to be in brackets
# [ip6.foo.com]
# address [2001::1234:1]
#
## Then we want totals...
# [foo.com;Totals] #Force it into the "foo.com"-domain...
# update no # Turn off data-fetching for this "host".
#
# # The graph "load1". We want to see the loads of both machines...
# # "fii=fii.foo.com:load.load" means "label=machine:graph.field"
# load1.graph_title Loads side by side
# load1.graph_order fii=fii.foo.com:load.load fay=fay.foo.com:load.load
#
# # The graph "load2". Now we want them stacked on top of each other.
# load2.graph_title Loads on top of each other
# load2.dummy_field.stack fii=fii.foo.com:load.load fay=fay.foo.com:load.load
# load2.dummy_field.draw AREA # We want area instead the default LINE2.
# load2.dummy_field.label dummy # This is needed. Silly, really.
#
# # The graph "load3". Now we want them summarised into one field
# load3.graph_title Loads summarised
# load3.combined_loads.sum fii.foo.com:load.load fay.foo.com:load.load
# load3.combined_loads.label Combined loads # Must be set, as this is
# # not a dummy field!
#
## ...and on a side note, I want them listen in another order (default is
## alphabetically)
#
# # Since [foo.com] would be interpreted as a host in the domain "com", we
# # specify that this is a domain by adding a semicolon.
# [foo.com;]
# node_order Totals fii.foo.com fay.foo.com
此示例创建了一张新图表,显示两台服务器的负载(取自http://munin-monitoring.org/wiki/LoaningData):
[example.org;Overview]
address 127.0.0.1
use_node_name no
update no
loadall.update no
loadall.graph_title Load of all servers
loadall.graph_args --base 1000
loadall.graph_vlabel Load
loadall.graph_scale no
loadall.graph_category system
loadall.graph_order \
Server1=sv1.example.org:load.load \
Server2=sv2.example.org:load.load
答案2
首先不太明显的是,每个主机都必须属于某个组。因此,句法是无效的:
[;myhost]
address ip.add.re.ss;
这样你就得到了一个没有主机的组:
[myhost;]
...
您可以通过在后面添加以下代码来检查下面这行:
foreach my $k (keys %$gah) {
DEBUG "-- $k";
foreach my $h (keys %{$gah->{$k}{'hosts'}}) {
DEBUG " $h";
}
}
然后运行(很多输出,您可能想要添加| tail -n 100
或其他内容):
$ su - munin -s /bin/bash -c '/usr/share/munin/munin-update --debug'
...
2019/06/14 16:31:43 -- myhost1
2019/06/14 16:31:43 -- myhost2
2019/06/14 16:31:43 myhost2
2019/06/14 16:31:43 -- myhost3
2019/06/14 16:31:43 myhost3
...
所以,
[myhost] # group "myhost", conaining host "myhost"
[foo.com] # group "com", containing host "foo.com"
[group;foo.com] # group "group", containing host "foo.com"
[group1;group2;foo.com] # group "group1", containing group "group2",
# which in its turn contains host "foo.com"
有了这些,语法基本如下:
[group1;host1]
...
[group1;host2]
...
[group1;virt_host1]
virt_plugin1.graph_title Some title
virt_plugin1.graph_order resulting_field_name1=host1:plugin1.field_name1 resulting_field_name2=host2:plugin2.field_name2
virt_plugin1
、resulting_field_name1
、resulting_field_name2
都是任意名称。virt_plugin1
出现在页面的面包屑中。resulting_field_name*
成为图表的标签。除非您覆盖它:
[group1;virt_host1]
...
virt_plugin1.resulting_field_name1.label = my_field_name
关于从哪里获取(如何确认)插件和字段名称(数据源):
$ nc host1 4949
# munin node at host1
fetch plugin1
field_name1.value 0.17
.
然后,如果您要从不同的组借用数据,则必须明确说明:
[group1;host1]
...
[group2;host2]
...
[group2;virt_host1]
virt_plugin1.graph_title Some title
virt_plugin1.graph_order resulting_field_name1=group1:host1.plugin1.field_name1 resulting_field_name2=host2:plugin2.field_name2
关于何时更改配置的说明生效。
什么html_strategy
时候cgi
,munin-html
(作为...的一部分munin-cron
)写道 状态到/var/lib/munin/htmlconf.storable
每一个5分钟. 状态包含每个主机的设置,并且用过的经过munin-cgi-html
作为一个配置。
因此,您要么等待下一次更新,要么自己触发更新:
$ su - munin -s /bin/bash -c /usr/share/munin/munin-html
或者:
$ su - munin -s /bin/bash -c munin-cron
在里面相同的 静脉,munin-update
更新 /var/lib/munin/datafile.storable
.但datafile
部分标记为包括基础,而不是htmlconf
一。这意味着的内容/etc/munin/munin.conf
是合并分成datafile
部分。并munin-cgi-graph
使用datafile
部分作为配置。
因此您只需重新启动munin-cgi-graph
即可注意到变化。
还有最后的 事物,munin-cgi-graph
套 Expires
标头。这意味着您必须以某种方式重置/禁用浏览器缓存,以便浏览器发出请求。
如果你通知其中一个,但没有通知另一个……我把它留给读者作为练习:)