我是 Postfix 新手。发送电子邮件很顺利，但我无法接收外部电子邮件。错误：未找到用户。这是我的配置。出了什么问题？
系统
Centos7.1 x64 (Conoha 的图像)
软件
postfix 3.1.1 (自己编译的)
make makefiles shared=yes shlib_directory=/usr/local/lib/postfix/3.1.1 dynamicmaps=yes 'CCARGS=-DHAS_MYSQL -I/usr/include/mysql -DUSE_SASL_AUTH -DDEF_SERVER_SASL_TYPE=\"dovecot\" ' 'AUXLIBS_MYSQL=-L/usr/lib64/mysql -lmysqlclient -lz -lm'
dovecot 2.2.10 （yum）
cyrus-sasl 2.1.26(yum)
cyrus-imapd* 2.4.17(yum)
postfixadmin 2.93（从 sf.net 下载）
MariaDB 10.1.16（yum）
nginx 1.6.3（yum）
php (yum，禁用一些危险功能)
网络
使用 mydomain123.com 而不是真正的 doname。
使用 123.123.123.123 而不是真实 ip。
专用网络
192.168.0.1（255.255.248.0）
10.0.0.1（255.255.248.0）
公共网络
123.123.123.123（255.255.254.0）（带有 PTR：mydomain.com）
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 123-123-123-123
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 123-123-123-123
主机名 123-123-123-123
开放端口
公共 110/tcp 80/tcp 143/tcp 995/tcp 25/tcp 993/tcp 443/tcp 587/tcp 8025/tcp（postfixadmin）
私人全部
域名和DNS
使用 mydomain123.com 而不是真正的 doname。
使用 123.123.123.123 而不是真实 ip。
mydomain123.com
@ 123.123.123.123
@MX mail.mydomain123.com
www.123.123.123.123
邮箱 123.123.123.123
弹出 A 123.123.123.123
pop3 A 123.123.123.123
imap A 123.123.123.123
smtp 123.123.123.123
用户
groupadd -g 5000 vmail
useradd -g vmail -u 5000 -s /sbin/nologin vmail
其它按默认。
/etc/postfix/main.cf
compatibility_level = 2
queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix
command_directory = /usr/sbin
daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix
data_directory = /var/lib/postfix
mail_owner = postfix
myhostname = mail.mydomain123.com
mydomain = mydomain123.com
myorigin = $mydomain
inet_interfaces = all
mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost
local_recipient_maps =
unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP unknow
debug_peer_level = 2
debugger_command =
PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin
ddd $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5
sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail
newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases
mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq
setgid_group = postdrop
html_directory = no
manpage_directory = /usr/local/man
sample_directory = /etc/postfix
readme_directory = no
smtputf8_enable = no
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot
smtpd_sasl_path = /var/spool/postfix/private/auth
smtpd_sasl_application_name = smtpd
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,reject_unauth_destination,reject_unknown_sender_domain
smtpd_sasl_security_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,reject_unauth_destination
smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
proxy_read_maps = $local_recipient_maps $mydestination $virtual_alias_maps $virtual_alias_domains $virtual_mailbox_maps $virtual_mailbox_domains $relay_recipient_maps $relay_domains $canonical_maps $sender_canonical_maps $recipient_canonical_maps $relocated_maps $transport_maps $mynetworks $virtual_mailbox_limit_maps
virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail/
virtual_mailbox_domains = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/sql/mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf
virtual_alias_maps =
proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/sql/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf,
proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/sql/mysql_virtual_alias_domain_maps.cf,
proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/sql/mysql_virtual_alias_domain_catchall_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_maps =
proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/sql/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf,
proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/sql/mysql_virtual_alias_domain_mailbox_maps.cf
virtual_uid_maps = static:5000
virtual_gid_maps = static:5000
virtual_transport = dovecot
dovecot_destination_recipient_limit = 1
meta_directory = /etc/postfix
shlib_directory = /usr/local/lib/postfix/${mail_version}
/etc/postfix/master.cf
smtp inet n - n - - smtpd
pickup unix n - n 60 1 pickup
cleanup unix n - n - 0 cleanup
qmgr unix n - n 300 1 qmgr
tlsmgr unix - - n 1000? 1 tlsmgr
rewrite unix - - n - - trivial-rewrite
bounce unix - - n - 0 bounce
defer unix - - n - 0 bounce
trace unix - - n - 0 bounce
verify unix - - n - 1 verify
flush unix n - n 1000? 0 flush
proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap
proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap
smtp unix - - n - - smtp
relay unix - - n - - smtp
showq unix n - n - - showq
error unix - - n - - error
retry unix - - n - - error
discard unix - - n - - discard
local unix - n n - - local
virtual unix - n n - - virtual
lmtp unix - - n - - lmtp
anvil unix - - n - 1 anvil
scache unix - - n - 1 scache
dovecot unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=vmail:vmail argv=/usr/libexec/dovecot/dovecot-lda -f ${sender} -d ${recipient}
/etc/postfix/sql/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf
user = mymaildb
password = mypassword
hosts = localhost
dbname = mymaildb
query = SELECT goto FROM alias WHERE address='%s' AND active = '1'
/etc/postfix/sql/mysql_virtual_alias_domain_maps.cf
user = mymaildb
password = mypassword
hosts = localhost
dbname = mymaildb
query = SELECT goto FROM alias,alias_domain WHERE alias_domain.alias_domain = '%d' and alias.address = CONCAT('%u', '@', alias_domain.target_domain) AND alias.active = 1 AND alias_domain.active='1'
/etc/postfix/sql/mysql_virtual_alias_domain_catchall_maps.cf
user = mymaildb
password = mypassword
hosts = localhost
dbname = mymaildb
query = SELECT goto FROM alias,alias_domain WHERE alias_domain.alias_domain = '%d' and alias.address = CONCAT('@', alias_domain.target_domain) AND alias.active = 1 AND alias_domain.active='1'
/etc/postfix/sql/mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf
user = mymaildb
password = mypassword
hosts = localhost
dbname = mymaildb
query = SELECT domain FROM domain WHERE domain='%s' AND active = '1'
/etc/postfix/sql/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf
user = mymaildb
password = mypassword
hosts = localhost
dbname = mymaildb
query = SELECT maildir FROM mailbox WHERE username='%s' AND active = '1'
/etc/postfix/sql/mysql_virtual_alias_domain_mailbox_maps.cf
user = mymaildb
password = mypassword
hosts = localhost
dbname = mymaildb
query = SELECT maildir FROM mailbox,alias_domain WHERE alias_domain.alias_domain = '%d' and mailbox.username = CONCAT('%u','@',alias_domain.target_domain) AND mailbox.active = 1 AND alias_domain.active='1'
/etc/postfix/sql/mysql_virtual_mailbox_limit_maps.cf
user = mymaildb
password = mypassword
hosts = localhost
dbname = mymaildb
query = SELECT quota FROM mailbox WHERE username='%s' AND active = '1'
/etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf
# 2.2.10: /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf
# OS: Linux 3.10.0-327.22.2.el7.x86_64 x86_64 CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
#log_path = /var/log/dovecot.log
#info_log_path = /var/log/dovecot-info.log
protocols = imap pop3
listen = *
!include conf.d/*.conf
passdb {
driver = sql
args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf.ext
}
userdb {
driver = static
args = uid=5000 gid=5000 home=/home/vmail/%d/%n
}
#debug log
auth_debug_passwords=yes
mail_debug=yes
auth_verbose=yes
auth_verbose_passwords=plain
/etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-auth.conf
disable_plaintext_auth = no
auth_mechanisms = plain login cram-md5
!include auth-system.conf.ext
/etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-ssl.conf
ssl = no
/etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf
mail_location = maildir:/home/vmail/%d/%n/Maildir
namespace inbox {
inbox = yes
}
mbox_write_locks = fcntl
/etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-logging.conf
log_path = /var/log/dovecot.log
info_log_path = /var/log/dovecot-info.log
debug_log_path = /var/log/dovecot-debug.log
plugin {
}
/etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-master.conf
service imap-login {
inet_listener imap {
port = 143
}
inet_listener imaps {
}
}
service pop3-login {
inet_listener pop3 {
port = 110
}
inet_listener pop3s {
}
}
service lmtp {
unix_listener lmtp {
}
}
service imap {
}
service pop3 {
}
service auth {
unix_listener auth-userdb {
mode = 0600
user = vmail
group = vmail
}
unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/auth {
mode = 0666
user = postfix
}
}
service auth-worker {
}
service dict {
unix_listener dict {
}
}
/etc/dovecot/conf.d/15-lda.conf
postmaster_address = [email protected]
protocol lda {
}
/etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf.ext
driver = mysql
connect = host=localhost dbname=mymaildb user=mymaildb password=mypassword
userdb_warning_disable=yes
#postfixadmin
default_pass_scheme = MD5-CRYPT
password_query = SELECT username AS user,password FROM mailbox WHERE username = '%u' AND active='1'
user_query = SELECT CONCAT('/home/vmail/', maildir) AS home, 5000 AS uid, 5000 AS gid, CONCAT('*:bytes=', quota) as quota_rule FROM mailbox WHERE username = '%u' AND active='1'
postfixadmin 配置.inc.php
<?php
$CONF['configured'] = true;
$CONF['setup_password'] = 'mypasswordhash';
$CONF['default_language'] = 'en';
$CONF['language_hook'] = '';
$CONF['database_type'] = 'mysqli';
$CONF['database_host'] = 'localhost';
$CONF['database_user'] = 'mymaildb';
$CONF['database_password'] = 'mypassword';
$CONF['database_name'] = 'mymaildb';
$CONF['database_prefix'] = '';
$CONF['database_tables'] = array (
'admin' => 'admin',
'alias' => 'alias',
'alias_domain' => 'alias_domain',
'config' => 'config',
'domain' => 'domain',
'domain_admins' => 'domain_admins',
'fetchmail' => 'fetchmail',
'log' => 'log',
'mailbox' => 'mailbox',
'vacation' => 'vacation',
'vacation_notification' => 'vacation_notification',
'quota' => 'quota',
'quota2' => 'quota2',
);
$CONF['admin_email'] = '';
$CONF['smtp_server'] = 'localhost';
$CONF['smtp_port'] = '25';
$CONF['encrypt'] = 'dovecot:CRAM-MD5';
$CONF['authlib_default_flavor'] = 'md5raw';
$CONF['dovecotpw'] = "/usr/bin/doveadm pw";
$CONF['password_validation'] = array(
# '/regular expression/' => '$PALANG key (optional: + parameter)',
'/.{5}/' => 'password_too_short 5', # minimum length 5 characters
'/([a-zA-Z].*){3}/' => 'password_no_characters 3', # must contain at least 3 characters
'/([0-9].*){2}/' => 'password_no_digits 2', # must contain at least 2 digits
);
$CONF['generate_password'] = 'NO';
$CONF['show_password'] = 'NO';
$CONF['page_size'] = '10';
$CONF['default_aliases'] = array (
'abuse' => '[email protected]',
'hostmaster' => '[email protected]',
'postmaster' => '[email protected]',
'webmaster' => '[email protected]'
);
$CONF['domain_path'] = 'YES';
$CONF['domain_in_mailbox'] = 'NO';
$CONF['maildir_name_hook'] = 'NO';
$CONF['admin_struct_hook'] = '';
$CONF['domain_struct_hook'] = '';
$CONF['alias_struct_hook'] = '';
$CONF['mailbox_struct_hook'] = '';
$CONF['alias_domain_struct_hook'] = '';
$CONF['fetchmail_struct_hook'] = '';
$CONF['aliases'] = '1000';
$CONF['mailboxes'] = '1000';
$CONF['maxquota'] = '1000';
$CONF['domain_quota_default'] = '2048';
$CONF['quota'] = 'YES';
$CONF['domain_quota'] = 'YES';
$CONF['quota_multiplier'] = '1024000';
$CONF['transport'] = 'NO';
$CONF['transport_options'] = array (
'virtual', // for virtual accounts
'local', // for system accounts
'relay' // for backup mx
);
$CONF['transport_default'] = 'virtual';
$CONF['vacation'] = 'NO';
$CONF['vacation_domain'] = 'autoreply.mydomain123.com';
$CONF['vacation_control'] ='YES';
$CONF['vacation_control_admin'] = 'YES';
$CONF['vacation_choice_of_reply'] = array (
0 => 'reply_once', // Sends only Once the message during Out of Office
# considered annoying - only send a reply on every mail if you really need it
# 1 => 'reply_every_mail', // Reply on every email
60*60 *24*7 => 'reply_once_per_week' // Reply if last autoreply was at least a week ago
);
$CONF['alias_control'] = 'YES';
$CONF['alias_control_admin'] = 'YES';
$CONF['special_alias_control'] = 'NO';
$CONF['alias_goto_limit'] = '0';
$CONF['alias_domain'] = 'YES';
$CONF['backup'] = 'NO';
$CONF['sendmail'] = 'YES';
$CONF['logging'] = 'YES';
$CONF['fetchmail'] = 'NO';
$CONF['fetchmail_extra_options'] = 'NO';
$CONF['show_header_text'] = 'NO';
$CONF['header_text'] = ':: Postfix Admin ::';
$CONF['show_footer_text'] = 'YES';
$CONF['footer_text'] = 'Return to mydomain123.com';
$CONF['footer_link'] = 'mydomain123.com';
$CONF['motd_user'] = '';
$CONF['motd_admin'] = '';
$CONF['motd_superadmin'] = '';
$CONF['welcome_text'] = <<<EOM
Hi,
Welcome to your new account.
EOM;
$CONF['emailcheck_resolve_domain']='YES';
$CONF['show_status']='YES';
$CONF['show_status_key']='YES';
$CONF['show_status_text']=' ';
$CONF['show_undeliverable']='YES';
$CONF['show_undeliverable_color']='tomato';
$CONF['show_undeliverable_exceptions']=array("unixmail.domain.ext","exchangeserver.domain.ext");
$CONF['show_popimap']='YES';
$CONF['show_popimap_color']='darkgrey';
$CONF['show_custom_domains']=array("subdomain.domain.ext","domain2.ext");
$CONF['show_custom_colors']=array("lightgreen","lightblue");
$CONF['recipient_delimiter'] = "";
$CONF['mailbox_postcreation_script'] = '';
$CONF['mailbox_postedit_script'] = '';
$CONF['mailbox_postdeletion_script'] = '';
$CONF['domain_postcreation_script'] = '';
$CONF['domain_postdeletion_script'] = '';
$CONF['create_mailbox_subdirs'] = array();
$CONF['create_mailbox_subdirs_host']='localhost';
$CONF['create_mailbox_subdirs_prefix']='INBOX.';
$CONF['used_quotas'] = 'YES';
$CONF['new_quota_table'] = 'YES';
$CONF['create_mailbox_subdirs_hostoptions'] = array('');
$CONF['theme_logo'] = 'images/logo-default.png';
$CONF['theme_css'] = 'css/default.css';
$CONF['theme_custom_css'] = '';
$CONF['xmlrpc_enabled'] = false;
if (file_exists(dirname(__FILE__) . '/config.local.php')) {
include(dirname(__FILE__) . '/config.local.php');
}
/* vim: set expandtab softtabstop=4 tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4: */
/var/log/maillog [无错误]
localhost postfix/smtpd[31623]: 1077ADEA2: client=unknown[myip], sasl_method=CRAM-MD5, [email protected]
localhost postfix/smtpd[31623]: disconnect from unknown[myip] ehlo=1 auth=1 mail=1 rcpt=1 quit=1 unknown=0/1 commands=5/6
/var/log/dovecot.log [发送电子邮件时没有错误，但是...]
auth: Fatal: master: service(auth): child 30172 killed with signal 11 (core dumped)
lda: Error: userdb lookup([email protected]): Disconnected unexpectedly
lda: Fatal: Internal error occurred. Refer to server log for more information.
auth: Fatal: master: service(auth): child 30757 killed with signal 11 (core dumped)
auth: Fatal: master: service(auth): child 30976 killed with signal 11 (core dumped)
lda: Error: userdb lookup([email protected]): Disconnected unexpectedly
08:18:07 lda: Fatal: Internal error occurred. Refer to server log for more information.
lda: Error: userdb lookup([email protected]): Disconnected unexpectedly
lda: Fatal: Internal error occurred. Refer to server log for more information.
auth: Fatal: master: service(auth): child 31229 killed with signal 11 (core dumped)
/var/log/dovecot-info.log [无错误]
Aug 02 10:22:24 aauth-worker(31671): Info: passwd([email protected],myip): unknown user
Aug 02 10:22:24 imap-login: Info: Login: user=<[email protected]>, method=CRAM-MD5, rip=myip, lip=123.123.123.123, mpid=31673, session=<my session>
/var/log/dovecot-debug.log [无错误，BASE64 解码]
auth: Debug: auth client connected (pid=0)
auth: Debug: client in: AUTH 1 CRAM-MD5 service=smtp nologin lip=123.123.123.123 rip=myip
auth: Debug: client passdb out: CONT 1 <[email protected]>
auth: Debug: client in: CONT 1 [email protected] [some hash..] (previous base64 data may contain sensitive data)
auth: Debug: password([email protected],myip): passdb doesn't support credential lookups
auth-worker(31687): Debug: Loading modules from directory: /usr/lib64/dovecot/auth
auth-worker(31687): Debug: Module loaded: /usr/lib64/dovecot/auth/libdriver_mysql.so
auth-worker(31687): Debug: Module loaded: /usr/lib64/dovecot/auth/libdriver_sqlite.so
auth-worker(31687): Debug: sql([email protected],myip): query: SELECT username AS user,password FROM mailbox WHERE username = '[email protected]' AND active='1'
auth: Debug: password([email protected],myip): Credentials: [some hash]
auth: Debug: client passdb out: OK 1 [email protected]
SQL 日志 [没有错误，但没有关于邮箱的查询。为什么？？？]
/usr/sbin/mysqld, Version: 10.1.16-MariaDB (MariaDB Server). started with:
Tcp port: 0 Unix socket: (null)
Time Id Command Argument
2 Connect mymaildb@localhost as anonymous on mymaildb
2 Query SELECT username AS user,password FROM mailbox WHERE username = '[email protected]' AND active='1'
3 Connect mymaildb@localhost as anonymous on mymaildb
3 Query SELECT goto FROM alias WHERE address='mydomain123.com' AND active = '1'
4 Connect mymaildb@localhost as anonymous on mymaildb
4 Query SELECT domain FROM domain WHERE domain='mydomain123.com' AND active = '1'
3 Query SELECT goto FROM alias WHERE address='[email protected]' AND active = '1'
3 Query SELECT goto FROM alias WHERE address='[email protected]' AND active = '1'
SQL 日志（向 root 发送 OK 邮件）
5 Connect mymaildb@localhost as anonymous on mymaildb
5 Query SELECT goto FROM alias WHERE address='mydomain123.com' AND active = '1'
6 Connect mymaildb@localhost as anonymous on mymaildb
6 Query SELECT domain FROM domain WHERE domain='mydomain123.com' AND active = '1'
7 Connect mymaildb@localhost as anonymous on mymaildb
7 Query SELECT username AS user,password FROM mailbox WHERE username = '[email protected]' AND active='1'
7 Quit
5 Query SELECT goto FROM alias WHERE address='root@localhost' AND active = '1'
8 Connect mymaildb@localhost as anonymous on mymaildb
8 Query SELECT goto FROM alias,alias_domain WHERE alias_domain.alias_domain = 'localhost' and alias.address = CONCAT('root', '@', alias_domain.target_domain) AND alias.active = 1 AND alias_domain.active='1'
9 Connect mymaildb@localhost as anonymous on mymaildb
9 Query SELECT goto FROM alias,alias_domain WHERE alias_domain.alias_domain = 'localhost' and alias.address = CONCAT('@', alias_domain.target_domain) AND alias.active = 1 AND alias_domain.active='1'
5 Query SELECT goto FROM alias WHERE address='root' AND active = '1'
5 Query SELECT goto FROM alias WHERE address='@localhost' AND active = '1'
9 Query SELECT goto FROM alias,alias_domain WHERE alias_domain.alias_domain = 'localhost' and alias.address = CONCAT('@', alias_domain.target_domain) AND alias.active = 1 AND alias_domain.active='1'
5 Query SELECT goto FROM alias WHERE address='localhost' AND active = '1'
6 Query SELECT domain FROM domain WHERE domain='localhost' AND active = '1'
8 Quit
6 Quit
9 Quit
5 Quit
答案1
从您的 来看/var/log/dovecot.log，您的lda（本地送货代理）无法从数据库中查找收件人的姓名。因此，您的问题可能与之SQL相关。我还看到您正在使用anonymous用户进行查找（顺便说一句，这是不好的做法）。因此，首先您需要确保anonymous允许用户执行全部所需的查询。您还可以检查SQL服务器日志中的错误并将其发布在此处（如果有）。