我有一个运行 Web API 的虚拟机。然后，我通过 Azure 创建了一个 SQL 数据库（此数据库不在 VM 上），并将该连接字符串放入我的应用程序中。
当我尝试运行它时，我遇到了这个问题。我需要做什么来解决这个问题？
我的连接字符串
"Server=tcp:database.windows.net,1433;Initial Catalog=MyApp;Persist Security Info=False;User ID=MyUserName;Password=MyPassword;MultipleActiveResultSets=False;Encrypt=True;TrustServerCertificate=False;Connection Timeout=30;"
Server Error in '/' Application.
The system cannot find the file specified
Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code.
Exception Details: System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception: The system cannot find the file specified
Source Error:
An unhandled exception was generated during the execution of the current web request. Information regarding the origin and location of the exception can be identified using the exception stack trace below.
Stack Trace:
[Win32Exception (0x80004005): The system cannot find the file specified]
[SqlException (0x80131904): A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: Named Pipes Provider, error: 40 - Could not open a connection to SQL Server)]
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnectionTds..ctor(DbConnectionPoolIdentity identity, SqlConnectionString connectionOptions, SqlCredential credential, Object providerInfo, String newPassword, SecureString newSecurePassword, Boolean redirectedUserInstance, SqlConnectionString userConnectionOptions, SessionData reconnectSessionData, DbConnectionPool pool, String accessToken, Boolean applyTransientFaultHandling) +1394
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnectionFactory.CreateConnection(DbConnectionOptions options, DbConnectionPoolKey poolKey, Object poolGroupProviderInfo, DbConnectionPool pool, DbConnection owningConnection, DbConnectionOptions userOptions) +1120
System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionFactory.CreatePooledConnection(DbConnectionPool pool, DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions options, DbConnectionPoolKey poolKey, DbConnectionOptions userOptions) +70
System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.CreateObject(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection) +910
System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.UserCreateRequest(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection) +114
System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningObject, UInt32 waitForMultipleObjectsTimeout, Boolean allowCreate, Boolean onlyOneCheckConnection, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal& connection) +1631
System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningObject, TaskCompletionSource`1 retry, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal& connection) +117
System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionFactory.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningConnection, TaskCompletionSource`1 retry, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection, DbConnectionInternal& connection) +267
System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionInternal.TryOpenConnectionInternal(DbConnection outerConnection, DbConnectionFactory connectionFactory, TaskCompletionSource`1 retry, DbConnectionOptions userOptions) +318
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.TryOpenInner(TaskCompletionSource`1 retry) +211
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.TryOpen(TaskCompletionSource`1 retry) +393
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.Open() +122
System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.Interception.InternalDispatcher`1.Dispatch(TTarget target, Action`2 operation, TInterceptionContext interceptionContext, Action`3 executing, Action`3 executed) +104
System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.Interception.DbConnectionDispatcher.Open(DbConnection connection, DbInterceptionContext interceptionContext) +509
System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.<>c__DisplayClass33.<UsingConnection>b__32() +567
System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.<>c__DisplayClass1.<Execute>b__0() +15
System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.DefaultSqlExecutionStrategy.Execute(Func`1 operation) +238
System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices.UsingMasterConnection(DbConnection sqlConnection, Action`1 act) +916
System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices.CreateDatabaseFromScript(Nullable`1 commandTimeout, DbConnection sqlConnection, String createDatabaseScript) +117
System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices.DbCreateDatabase(DbConnection connection, Nullable`1 commandTimeout, StoreItemCollection storeItemCollection) +212
System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Utilities.DatabaseCreator.Create(DbConnection connection) +135
System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.EnsureDatabaseExists(Action mustSucceedToKeepDatabase) +175
System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.Update(String targetMigration) +116
System.Data.Entity.Internal.DatabaseCreator.CreateDatabase(InternalContext internalContext, Func`3 createMigrator, ObjectContext objectContext) +121
System.Data.Entity.Database.Create(DatabaseExistenceState existenceState) +293
System.Data.Entity.CreateDatabaseIfNotExists`1.InitializeDatabase(TContext context) +187
System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalContext.PerformInitializationAction(Action action) +72
System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalContext.PerformDatabaseInitialization() +483
System.Data.Entity.Internal.RetryAction`1.PerformAction(TInput input) +177
System.Data.Entity.Internal.LazyInternalContext.InitializeDatabaseAction(Action`1 action) +274
System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalContext.GetEntitySetAndBaseTypeForType(Type entityType) +38
System.Data.Entity.Internal.Linq.InternalSet`1.Initialize() +77
System.Data.Entity.Internal.Linq.InternalSet`1.get_InternalContext() +21
System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.DbQuery`1.System.Linq.IQueryable.get_Provider() +59
System.Linq.Queryable.Any(IQueryable`1 source, Expression`1 predicate) +59
PantryApp.Framework.Services.UnitTypeService.CreateDefaults() +333
PantryApp.Api.WebApiApplication.Application_Start() +81
[HttpException (0x80004005): A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: Named Pipes Provider, error: 40 - Could not open a connection to SQL Server)]
System.Web.HttpApplicationFactory.EnsureAppStartCalledForIntegratedMode(HttpContext context, HttpApplication app) +544
System.Web.HttpApplication.RegisterEventSubscriptionsWithIIS(IntPtr appContext, HttpContext context, MethodInfo[] handlers) +186
System.Web.HttpApplication.InitSpecial(HttpApplicationState state, MethodInfo[] handlers, IntPtr appContext, HttpContext context) +172
System.Web.HttpApplicationFactory.GetSpecialApplicationInstance(IntPtr appContext, HttpContext context) +402
System.Web.Hosting.PipelineRuntime.InitializeApplication(IntPtr appContext) +343
[HttpException (0x80004005): A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: Named Pipes Provider, error: 40 - Could not open a connection to SQL Server)]
System.Web.HttpRuntime.FirstRequestInit(HttpContext context) +579
System.Web.HttpRuntime.EnsureFirstRequestInit(HttpContext context) +112
System.Web.HttpRuntime.ProcessRequestNotificationPrivate(IIS7WorkerRequest wr, HttpContext context) +712
答案1
有几种可能性：
您的连接字符串显示“Server=tcp:database.windows.net”，它应该是 .database.windows.net。您可能出于隐私原因已将其从帖子中删除，但想检查一下。
您是否已在 Azure SQL 防火墙中勾选了允许 Azure 访问的复选框？如果没有勾选，则不允许来自 VM 的流量进入。勾选该复选框，或者如果您想要更具体，请在 Azure SQL 实例上添加防火墙规则以允许来自 VM 公共 IP 的流量。这必须是公共 IP，因为它是一项 PaaS 服务，并且通常您希望它是静态的。