我们刚刚收到一台全新的双 CPU 服务器，它在启动后不久就不断崩溃并出现内核崩溃，这种情况甚至在操作系统设置期间也发生过，当时它处于空闲状态。我能够安装操作系统并启用 mcelog 来尝试了解发生了什么，尽管我不确定输出是什么。在网上阅读让我认为这可能是其中一个插槽 (1) 上的 DIMM 有缺陷，但我多次运行 memtest 却没有发现错误。这可能是软件问题吗？我已经尝试了 2 个操作系统，两者都发生了同样的事情，尽管在 Debian/Proxmox 中发生这种情况比在 CentOS 中更常见。
服务器规格：
双 Intel 8 核 Xeon E5-2620v4
2 个 DIMM 32GB DDR4 2400MHz RECC DDR4
MB SuperMicro X10DRL-i
这不是 CPU 热量的问题，因为在内存测试或操作系统安装期间，CPU 温度从未超过 35ºC。我还能够在 CPU 崩溃之前对其进行一些简短的基准测试，而且温度正常。
我怎么知道这里发生了什么？在发生这种情况之前，我可以访问服务器几分钟，我已经下载了 vmcore 转储，但我不知道如何处理它。
这是启动并崩溃 50 秒后的 mce 日志：
[ 56.367615] mce: [Hardware Error]: Machine check events logged
[ 70.420914] mce: [Hardware Error]: Machine check events logged
[ 71.886789] Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint
[ 71.886894] mce: [Hardware Error]: CPU 24: Machine Check Exception: 5 Bank 20: fa00004000020e0f
[ 71.887009] mce: [Hardware Error]: RIP !INEXACT! 10:<ffffffff8138fb97> {intel_idle+0xd7/0x160}
[ 71.887122] mce: [Hardware Error]: TSC 206cc7cd362
[ 71.887184] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:406f1 TIME 1487438906 SOCKET 1 APIC 11 microcode b00001d
[ 71.887289] mce: [Hardware Error]: Run the above through 'mcelog --ascii'
[ 71.889392] mce: [Hardware Error]: CPU 30: Machine Check Exception: 5 Bank 20: fa00004000020e0f
[ 71.889489] mce: [Hardware Error]: RIP !INEXACT! 10:<ffffffff8138fb97> {intel_idle+0xd7/0x160}
[ 71.889595] mce: [Hardware Error]: TSC 206cc7cd11d
[ 71.889657] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:406f1 TIME 1487438906 SOCKET 1 APIC 1d microcode b00001d
[ 71.889760] mce: [Hardware Error]: Run the above through 'mcelog --ascii'
[ 71.891804] mce: [Hardware Error]: CPU 14: Machine Check Exception: 5 Bank 20: fa00004000020e0f
[ 71.891901] mce: [Hardware Error]: RIP !INEXACT! 10:<ffffffff8138fb97> {intel_idle+0xd7/0x160}
[ 71.892007] mce: [Hardware Error]: TSC 206cc7cd10e
[ 71.892068] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:406f1 TIME 1487438906 SOCKET 1 APIC 1c microcode b00001d
[ 71.892171] mce: [Hardware Error]: Run the above through 'mcelog --ascii'
[ 71.894217] mce: [Hardware Error]: CPU 13: Machine Check Exception: 5 Bank 20: fa00004000020e0f
[ 71.894314] mce: [Hardware Error]: RIP !INEXACT! 10:<ffffffff8138fb97> {intel_idle+0xd7/0x160}
[ 71.894420] mce: [Hardware Error]: TSC 206cc7cd23c
[ 71.894480] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:406f1 TIME 1487438906 SOCKET 1 APIC 1a microcode b00001d
[ 71.894585] mce: [Hardware Error]: Run the above through 'mcelog --ascii'
[ 71.896634] mce: [Hardware Error]: CPU 29: Machine Check Exception: 5 Bank 20: fa00004000020e0f
[ 71.896730] mce: [Hardware Error]: RIP !INEXACT! 10:<ffffffff8138fb97> {intel_idle+0xd7/0x160}
[ 71.896835] mce: [Hardware Error]: TSC 206cc7cd194
[ 71.896896] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:406f1 TIME 1487438906 SOCKET 1 APIC 1b microcode b00001d
[ 71.897000] mce: [Hardware Error]: Run the above through 'mcelog --ascii'
[ 71.899053] mce: [Hardware Error]: CPU 28: Machine Check Exception: 5 Bank 20: fa00004000020e0f
[ 71.899150] mce: [Hardware Error]: RIP !INEXACT! 10:<ffffffff8138fb97> {intel_idle+0xd7/0x160}
[ 71.899256] mce: [Hardware Error]: TSC 206cc7cd719
[ 71.899335] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:406f1 TIME 1487438906 SOCKET 1 APIC 19 microcode b00001d
[ 71.899438] mce: [Hardware Error]: Run the above through 'mcelog --ascii'
[ 71.901485] mce: [Hardware Error]: CPU 12: Machine Check Exception: 5 Bank 20: fa00004000020e0f
[ 71.901582] mce: [Hardware Error]: RIP !INEXACT! 10:<ffffffff8138fb97> {intel_idle+0xd7/0x160}
[ 71.901687] mce: [Hardware Error]: TSC 206cc7cd720
[ 71.901748] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:406f1 TIME 1487438906 SOCKET 1 APIC 18 microcode b00001d
[ 71.901851] mce: [Hardware Error]: Run the above through 'mcelog --ascii'
[ 71.903934] mce: [Hardware Error]: CPU 10: Machine Check Exception: 5 Bank 20: fa00004000020e0f
[ 71.904031] mce: [Hardware Error]: RIP !INEXACT! 10:<ffffffff8138fb97> {intel_idle+0xd7/0x160}
[ 71.904136] mce: [Hardware Error]: TSC 206cc7cd851
[ 71.904197] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:406f1 TIME 1487438906 SOCKET 1 APIC 14 microcode b00001d
[ 71.904300] mce: [Hardware Error]: Run the above through 'mcelog --ascii'
[ 71.906306] mce: [Hardware Error]: CPU 26: Machine Check Exception: 5 Bank 20: fa00004000020e0f
[ 71.906403] mce: [Hardware Error]: RIP !INEXACT! 10:<ffffffff8138fb97> {intel_idle+0xd7/0x160}
[ 71.906508] mce: [Hardware Error]: TSC 206cc7cd863
[ 71.906569] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:406f1 TIME 1487438906 SOCKET 1 APIC 15 microcode b00001d
[ 71.909482] mce: [Hardware Error]: Run the above through 'mcelog --ascii'
[ 71.914367] mce: [Hardware Error]: CPU 11: Machine Check Exception: 5 Bank 20: fa00004000020e0f
[ 71.917304] mce: [Hardware Error]: RIP !INEXACT! 10:<ffffffff8138fb97> {intel_idle+0xd7/0x160}
[ 71.920287] mce: [Hardware Error]: TSC 206cc7cd515
[ 71.923159] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:406f1 TIME 1487438906 SOCKET 1 APIC 16 microcode b00001d
[ 71.926031] mce: [Hardware Error]: Run the above through 'mcelog --ascii'
[ 71.930820] mce: [Hardware Error]: CPU 27: Machine Check Exception: 5 Bank 20: fa00004000020e0f
[ 71.933685] mce: [Hardware Error]: RIP !INEXACT! 10:<ffffffff8138fb97> {intel_idle+0xd7/0x160}
[ 71.936557] mce: [Hardware Error]: TSC 206cc7cd449
[ 71.939384] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:406f1 TIME 1487438906 SOCKET 1 APIC 17 microcode b00001d
[ 71.944180] mce: [Hardware Error]: CPU 9: Machine Check Exception: 5 Bank 20: fa00004000020e0f
[ 71.947059] mce: [Hardware Error]: RIP !INEXACT! 10:<ffffffff8138fb97> {intel_idle+0xd7/0x160}
[ 71.949956] mce: [Hardware Error]: TSC 206cc7cd766
[ 71.952786] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:406f1 TIME 1487438906 SOCKET 1 APIC 12 microcode b00001d
[ 71.957580] mce: [Hardware Error]: CPU 25: Machine Check Exception: 5 Bank 20: fa00004000020e0f
[ 71.960480] mce: [Hardware Error]: RIP !INEXACT! 10:<ffffffff8138fb97> {intel_idle+0xd7/0x160}
[ 71.963366] mce: [Hardware Error]: TSC 206cc7cd751
[ 71.966210] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:406f1 TIME 1487438906 SOCKET 1 APIC 13 microcode b00001d
[ 71.971031] mce: [Hardware Error]: CPU 31: Machine Check Exception: 5 Bank 20: fa00004000020e0f
[ 71.973919] mce: [Hardware Error]: RIP !INEXACT! 10:<ffffffff8138fb97> {intel_idle+0xd7/0x160}
[ 71.976817] mce: [Hardware Error]: TSC 206cc7cd7f7
[ 71.979690] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:406f1 TIME 1487438906 SOCKET 1 APIC 1f microcode b00001d
[ 71.984474] mce: [Hardware Error]: CPU 15: Machine Check Exception: 5 Bank 20: fa00004000020e0f
[ 71.987371] mce: [Hardware Error]: RIP !INEXACT! 10:<ffffffff8138fb97> {intel_idle+0xd7/0x160}
[ 71.990290] mce: [Hardware Error]: TSC 206cc7cd803
[ 71.993151] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:406f1 TIME 1487438906 SOCKET 1 APIC 1e microcode b00001d
[ 71.997992] mce: [Hardware Error]: CPU 8: Machine Check Exception: 5 Bank 20: fa00004000020e0f
[ 72.000918] mce: [Hardware Error]: RIP !INEXACT! 10:<ffffffff8138fb97> {intel_idle+0xd7/0x160}
[ 72.003828] mce: [Hardware Error]: TSC 206cc7cd374
[ 72.006692] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:406f1 TIME 1487438906 SOCKET 1 APIC 10 microcode b00001d
[ 72.011533] mce: [Hardware Error]: Machine check: Processor context corrupt
[ 72.014436] Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal machine check
答案1
我知道回复晚了，但我完全忘记了。原来是其中一个 CPU 放置不当，或者可能是在运输过程中松动了。至少供应商是这么告诉我的，因为他们说他们没有更换任何东西。
他们将其运回后，一切正常。