我在我的 osx 机器上通过 VirtualBox 创建了一个 Ubuntu-16.04 VM。我使用了 2 个网络适配器：Bridged Adapter [en0: Wi-Fi (Airport)]和Host-only Adapter (vboxnet0)。
这是两台机器的 ifconfig o/p，首先是 osx：
en0: flags=8863<UP,BROADCAST,SMART,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether 3c:15:c2:c8:27:d0
inet 192.168.1.5 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.1.255
media: autoselect
status: active
bridge0: flags=8863<UP,BROADCAST,SMART,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
options=63<RXCSUM,TXCSUM,TSO4,TSO6>
ether 3e:15:c2:8c:a2:00
Configuration:
id 0:0:0:0:0:0 priority 0 hellotime 0 fwddelay 0
maxage 0 holdcnt 0 proto stp maxaddr 100 timeout 1200
root id 0:0:0:0:0:0 priority 0 ifcost 0 port 0
ipfilter disabled flags 0x2
member: en1 flags=3<LEARNING,DISCOVER>
ifmaxaddr 0 port 5 priority 0 path cost 0
member: en2 flags=3<LEARNING,DISCOVER>
ifmaxaddr 0 port 6 priority 0 path cost 0
media: <unknown type>
status: inactive
vboxnet0: flags=8943<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,PROMISC,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether 0a:00:27:00:00:00
inet 192.168.56.1 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.56.255
Ubuntu 下一步：
enp0s3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:7a:ba:0d
inet addr:192.168.1.2 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::f296:f0:610e:2b37/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:8596 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:7017 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:7956786 (7.9 MB) TX bytes:945469 (945.4 KB)
enp0s8 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:b6:c9:6e
inet addr:192.168.56.101 Bcast:192.168.56.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::ba63:3f0e:321:ee37/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:35 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:66 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:3864 (3.8 KB) TX bytes:7966 (7.9 KB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:1065 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1065 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1
RX bytes:100747 (100.7 KB) TX bytes:100747 (100.7 KB)
我无法从 ubuntu ping osx：
$ ping 192.168.1.5
PING 192.168.1.5 (192.168.1.5) 56(84) bytes of data.
^C
--- 192.168.1.5 ping statistics ---
480 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 490401ms
但我可以从 osx ping ubuntu (guest)。我该如何修复这个问题？
Note: Firewall is disabled on both the machines
我刚刚在两台机器上运行了 tcpdumps，这是来自 Guest（Ubuntu）的输出：
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 0xff000000
$ sudo tcpdump -nni any dst host 192.168.1.5
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on any, link-type LINUX_SLL (Linux cooked), capture size 262144 bytes
07:18:46.141730 IP 192.168.1.2 > 192.168.1.5: ICMP echo request, id 1992, seq 1, length 64
07:18:47.156510 IP 192.168.1.2 > 192.168.1.5: ICMP echo request, id 1992, seq 2, length 64
07:18:48.179200 IP 192.168.1.2 > 192.168.1.5: ICMP echo request, id 1992, seq 3, length 64
07:18:49.203053 IP 192.168.1.2 > 192.168.1.5: ICMP echo request, id 1992, seq 4, length 64
07:18:50.227545 IP 192.168.1.2 > 192.168.1.5: ICMP echo request, id 1992, seq 5, length 64
07:18:51.251328 IP 192.168.1.2 > 192.168.1.5: ICMP echo request, id 1992, seq 6, length 64
07:18:51.316782 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.1.5 tell 192.168.1.2, length 28
$ sudo tcpdump -nni any src host 192.168.1.5
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on any, link-type LINUX_SLL (Linux cooked), capture size 262144 bytes
07:19:43.027612 ARP, Reply 192.168.1.5 is-at 3c:15:c2:c8:27:d0, length 46
07:20:25.011455 ARP, Reply 192.168.1.5 is-at 3c:15:c2:c8:27:d0, length 46
^C
2 packets captured
2 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
在主机（osx）上：
$ sudo tcpdump -nni any icmp
tcpdump: data link type PKTAP
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on any, link-type PKTAP (Packet Tap), capture size 65535 bytes
07:59:37.858801 IP 192.168.1.2 > 192.168.1.5: ICMP echo request, id 1941, seq 6, length 64
07:59:38.882701 IP 192.168.1.2 > 192.168.1.5: ICMP echo request, id 1941, seq 7, length 64
07:59:39.905794 IP 192.168.1.2 > 192.168.1.5: ICMP echo request, id 1941, seq 8, length 64
07:59:40.928857 IP 192.168.1.2 > 192.168.1.5: ICMP echo request, id 1941, seq 9, length 64
07:59:41.953113 IP 192.168.1.2 > 192.168.1.5: ICMP echo request, id 1941, seq 10, length 64
07:59:42.975912 IP 192.168.1.2 > 192.168.1.5: ICMP echo request, id 1941, seq 11, length 64
这是否意味着主机确实收到了来自客户机的 ping 请求，但没有对其做出响应？
答案1
您是否尝试过关闭 OS X 防火墙？或者至少确保“启用隐身模式”（系统偏好设置 > 安全和隐私 > 防火墙 > 防火墙选项...）未选中，如下所示。它对我有用，但我没有设置第二个网络适配器。我只设置了一个桥接适配器。
