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systemd oneshot 服务器每 x 天运行一次

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systemd oneshot 服务器每 x 天运行一次

我希望使用 systemd 每 85 天运行一次命令。我为该命令创建了一个计时器和服务，但我无法启动该计时器。我希望让该命令每 85 天运行一次，而不是在启动时运行，并且即使在 85 天期间服务器重新启动也能运行。

/etc/systemd/system/my.service

[Unit]
description=Do my task

[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStart=/usr/local/sbin/myTask

/etc/systemd/system/my.timer

[Unit]
Description=Timer to do my task

[Timer]
OnUnitActiveSec=85d
Unit=my.service
Persistent=true

尝试使用启动它后systemctl start my.timer，我收到的错误消息是：

my.timer: Refusing to start, unit to trigger not loaded.
Failed to start Timer to do my task.

答案1

description将服务文件中的更改为Description。否则，它将在日志中打印如下错误：

‘单位’部分中的未知左值‘描述’

另外，尝试使用这些命令来解决计时器文件的问题：

systemctl status my.timer
journalctl -xe

如果您在日志中发现任何错误并且不知道如何修复它们，请更新您的帖子。

答案2

问题是我尝试运行的脚本在开始时没有爆炸声。

我的诊断是：

  1. 看看 Andril 上面提到的时间状态
# systemctl status my.timer
● my.timer - Timer to update stuff
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/my.timer; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (elapsed) since Tue 2020-01-28 07:14:54 UTC; 2 weeks 6 days ago
  Trigger: n/a

Warning: Journal has been rotated since unit was started. Log output is incomplete or unavailable.
  1. 查看计时器列表（以获取更多统计数据）
# systemctl list-timers
NEXT                         LEFT        LAST                         PASSED                UNIT                         ACTIVATES
...
n/a                          n/a         Tue 2018-03-20 14:13:46 UTC  1 years 10 months ago my.timer            my.service
  1. 尝试运行该服务以激活该服务（因为计时器基于上次激活该服务的时间
# systemctl status my.service
● my.service - Renew Lets Encrypt certificates
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/my.service; static; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Mon 2020-02-17 15:53:18 UTC; 20s ago
  Process: 19875 ExecStart=/usr/local/sbin/script (code=exited, status=203/EXEC)
 Main PID: 19875 (code=exited, status=203/EXEC)

Feb 17 15:53:18 server systemd[1]: Starting Update stuff...
Feb 17 15:53:18 server systemd[19875]: my.service: Failed to execute command: Exec format error
Feb 17 15:53:18 server systemd[19875]: my.service: Failed at step EXEC spawning /usr/local/sbin/script: Exec format error
Feb 17 15:53:18 server systemd[1]: my.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=203/EXEC
Feb 17 15:53:18 server systemd[1]: my.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Feb 17 15:53:18 server systemd[1]: Failed to start Update stuff.
  1. 通过反复试验，我查看了剧本，发现它没有爆炸声，所以加了一个
# vim /usr/local/sbin/script
#!/bin/bash
echo Update!
  1. 尝试再次运行该服务
# systemctl start my.service
# systemctl status letsencrypt.service
● my.service - Update stuff
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/my.service; static; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: inactive (dead) since Mon 2020-02-17 16:05:45 UTC; 4s ago
  Process: 31781 ExecStart=/usr/local/sbin/script (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 31781 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Feb 17 16:05:45 server systemd[1]: Starting Update stuff...
Feb 17 16:05:45 server test[31781]: Update!
Feb 17 16:05:45 server systemd[1]: Started Update stuff.

（哇噢）

  1. 再次检查了计时器
# systemctl list-timers
NEXT                         LEFT                  LAST                         PASSED                UNIT                         ACTIVATES
...
Tue 2020-05-12 16:05:45 UTC  2 months 24 days left Tue 2018-03-20 14:13:46 UTC  1 years 10 months ago my.timer            my.service

x timers listed.
Pass --all to see loaded but inactive timers, too.

（现在计时器显示它将再次运行）

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