当您打开 sysdm.cpl -> 高级 -> 环境变量时,您可以看到环境分为两部分:
一个是User Variables
,另一个是System Variables
,它们都有一个变量PATH
。
现在,如果您在提示符set
内运行cmd
,它只会显示一个名为的变量名PATH
,它包含上述的并集。
如何以持久的方式明确设置System Variable
或在命令提示符中?User Variable
答案1
阅读并关注这是 rojo 的详尽回答StackOverflow 上的类似问题:如何在 Windows 上仅用批处理文件设置一次 PATH 环境变量?。
下面是我以前编写的批处理/cmd 脚本查看目录中%PATH%
以及 和 下的相应注册表值中HKLM
。HKCU
该脚本不会在注册表中写入任何内容;它只是展示了完成此类任务的另一种可能方法。在纯批处理/cmd中并表明它的解并不简单。
用法:
testpath.bat
(无参数):检查%PATH%
变量语法;奖金: 显示冗余%PATH%
变量重复;testpath.bat dir
(笔记文字参数): 显示每个特定目录的DIR
可执行文件列表(由变量确定) ;PATHEXT
%PATH%
奖金:显示冗余和%PATH%
变量中的无价值目录:
@ECHO OFF
SETLOCAL enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion
echo --- %date% %time% %~nx0 %*
if /I "%~1" EQU "dir" (
set path
Call :printPath path "" dir
ENDLOCAL
goto :eof
)
set pathext
Call :duplicity pathext
Call :printPath path ""
rem debugging set "wrongpath=%path%;%SystemRoot%\\"
rem debugging Call :duplicity wrongpath
Call :duplicity path
set "HKCU_type="
set "HKCU_path="
for /F "tokens=2*" %%G in (
'reg query HKCU\Environment /v Path 2^>NUL ^|findstr /I "path"'
) do (
set "HKCU_type=%%G"
set "HKCU_path=%%H"
)
Call :printPath HKCU_path %HKCU_type%
if /I "%HKCU_type%"=="REG_EXPAND_SZ" Call :printPath HKCU_path %HKCU_type% Expanded
set "HKLM_type="
set "HKLM_path="
set "qqqq=HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment"
for /F "tokens=2*" %%G in ('reg query "%qqqq%" /v Path^|findstr /I "path"'
) do (
set "HKLM_type=%%G"
set "HKLM_path=%%H"
)
Call :printPath HKLM_path %HKLM_type%
if /I "%HKLM_type%"=="REG_EXPAND_SZ" Call :printPath HKLM_path %HKLM_type% Expanded
:dirOnly
Call :deflatePath HKLM_path %HKLM_type%
rem echo "!NewPath:%%=%%%%!"
pause
set HK
ENDLOCAL&call set "NewPath=%NewPath%"
goto :eof
:printPath
echo(
echo %~0 %~1 %~2 %~3
if "!%~1!" NEQ "" (
set "ggg="!%~1:;=" "!""
rem set "ggg=!ggg:\"="!"
for %%G in (!ggg!) do (
if /I "%~3" NEQ "expanded" (
if /I "%~3" EQU "dir" (
echo(
echo %~0 %~1 %~2 %%~G
set "_partpath=%%~G"
if /I "!_partpath:%SystemRoot%=!" EQU "%%~G" (
dir /B /A:-D "%%~G" | findstr /I "%pathext:;=$ %$"
rem timeout /T 3 /NOBREAK >NUL
) else (
echo %~0 %~1 %~2 System default
)
) else (
echo %%~G
)
) else (
call echo %%~G
)
)
echo(
echo tested using next findstr regex:
echo "%pathext:;=$ %$"
)
goto :eof
:duplicity
echo(
echo %~0 %~1 %~2
set /A "ii=0"
set "ggg="!%~1:;=" "!""
set "ggg=!ggg:\"="!"
for %%G in (!ggg!) do (
set /A "ii+=1"
set /A "jj=0"
for %%g in (!ggg!) do (
set /A "jj+=1"
if /I "%%~G"=="%%~g" if !ii! LSS !jj! echo !ii!, !jj!: %%~g
)
)
goto :eof
:deflatePath
echo(
echo %~0 %~1 %~2
set "ggg="!%~1:;=" "!""
rem set "ggg=!ggg:\"="!"
set "NewPath="
for %%G in (!ggg!) do (
set "item=%%~G"
set "meti="
call :deflateItem "ProgramFiles(x86)"
if defined meti (
rem echo # !item!
) else (
call :deflateItem "ProgramFiles"
if defined meti (
rem echo # !item!
) else (
call :deflateItem "SystemRoot"
if defined meti (
rem echo # !item!
) else (
rem echo = !item:%%=%%%%!
)
)
)
if defined NewPath (
set "NewPath=!NewPath!;!item!"
) else (
set "NewPath=!item!"
)
)
echo !NewPath!
rem reg delete HKCU\Environment /v NewPath /f
rem setx NewPath "!NewPath!"
rem WARNING: The data being saved is truncated to 1024 characters.
rem reg query HKCU\Environment /v NewPath|findstr /I "NewPath"
goto :eof
:deflateItem
set "meti=!%~1!"
if "!meti!"=="!item!" (
set "item=%%%~1%%"
) else (
set "meti=!item:%meti%\=!"
if "!meti!" == "!item!" (
set "meti="
) else (
set "item=%%%~1%%\!meti!"
)
)
goto :eof