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问题描述

tag-icon • tag-icon centos centos7 google-cloud-platform google-compute-engine nvidia
问题描述

问题描述

我正在尝试在 Google Cloud 上设置一个 centos-7 GPU（Nvidia Tesla K80）实例，以执行 CUDA 工作。

不幸的是，我似乎无法正确安装/配置驱动程序。

事实上，当尝试与nvidia-smi（NVIDIA 系统管理界面）交互时会发生以下情况：

# nvidia-smi -pm 1
NVIDIA-SMI has failed because it couldn't communicate with the NVIDIA driver. Make sure that the latest NVIDIA driver is installed and running.

使用更新方法的相同操作nvidia-persistenced：

# nvidia-persistenced
nvidia-persistenced failed to initialize. Check syslog for more details.

+ 我在 syslog 中收到以下错误（使用journalctl命令）：

Failed to query NVIDIA devices. Please ensure that the NVIDIA device files (/dev/nvidia*) exist, and that user 0 has read and write permissions for those files.

确实，不存在任何 nvidia 设备：

# ll /dev/nvidia*
ls: cannot access /dev/nvidia*: No such file or directory

但是，这里有一个证明 GPU 已正确连接到实例的证明：

# lshw -numeric -C display
  *-display UNCLAIMED       
       description: 3D controller
       product: GK210GL [Tesla K80] [10DE:102D]
       vendor: NVIDIA Corporation [10DE]
       physical id: 4
       bus info: pci@0000:00:04.0
       version: a1
       width: 64 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: msi pm cap_list
       configuration: latency=0
       resources: iomemory:40-3f iomemory:80-7f memory:fc000000-fcffffff memory:400000000-7ffffffff memory:800000000-801ffffff ioport:c000(size=128)

我遵循的安装过程

创建 centos-7 实例，如下所示Google Cloud 文档的此部分：

gcloud compute instances create test-gpu-drivers \
    --machine-type n1-standard-2 \
    --boot-disk-size 250GB \
    --accelerator type=nvidia-tesla-k80,count=1 \
    --image-family centos-7 --image-project centos-cloud \
    --maintenance-policy TERMINATE

然后，我遵循的驱动程序和 CUDA 安装过程受到以下启发：Google Cloud 文档，但改为使用最新版本：

gcloud compute ssh test-gpu-drivers
sudo su
yum -y update

# Reboot for kernel update to be taken into account
reboot

gcloud compute ssh test-gpu-drivers
sudo su

# Install nvidia drivers repository, found here: https://www.nvidia.com/Download/index.aspx?lang=en-us
curl -J -O http://us.download.nvidia.com/tesla/410.72/nvidia-diag-driver-local-repo-rhel7-410.72-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
yum -y install ./nvidia-diag-driver-local-repo-rhel7-410.72-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm

# Install CUDA repository, found here: https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads?target_os=Linux&target_arch=x86_64&target_distro=CentOS&target_version=7&target_type=rpmlocal
curl -J -O https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/rhel7/x86_64/cuda-repo-rhel7-10.0.130-1.x86_64.rpm
yum -y install ./cuda-repo-rhel7-10.0.130-1.x86_64.rpm

# Install CUDA & drivers & dependencies
yum clean all
yum -y install cuda

nvidia-smi -pm 1

reboot

gcloud compute ssh test-gpu-drivers
sudo su
nvidia-smi -pm 1

完整日志这里。

（我也尝试了精确的 GCE 驱动程序安装脚本，没有升级版本，但也没有成功）

环境

  • 发行版本

    [root@test-gpu-drivers myuser]# cat /etc/*-release | head -n 1
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)

  • 内核发布

    [root@test-gpu-drivers myuser]# uname -r
3.10.0-957.1.3.el7.x86_64

我可以让它在 Ubuntu 上运行！

为了分析这个问题，我决定在 Ubuntu 18.04 (LTS) 上尝试做同样的事情。这次，我没有遇到任何问题。

实例创建：

gcloud compute instances create gpu-ubuntu-1804 \
    --machine-type n1-standard-2 \
    --boot-disk-size 250GB \
    --accelerator type=nvidia-tesla-k80,count=1 \
    --image-family ubuntu-1804-lts --image-project ubuntu-os-cloud \
    --maintenance-policy TERMINATE

安装过程：

gcloud compute ssh gpu-ubuntu-1804
sudo su
apt update
apt -y upgrade
reboot

gcloud compute ssh gpu-ubuntu-1804
sudo su
curl -O https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu1804/x86_64/cuda-repo-ubuntu1804_10.0.130-1_amd64.deb
apt -y install ./cuda-repo-ubuntu1804_10.0.130-1_amd64.deb
rm cuda-repo-ubuntu1804_10.0.130-1_amd64.deb
apt-key adv --fetch-keys https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu1804/x86_64/7fa2af80.pub
apt-get update
apt-get -y install cuda
nvidia-smi -pm 1

提供完整安装日志这里。

测试：

# nvidia-smi -pm 1
Enabled persistence mode for GPU 00000000:00:04.0.
All done.
# ll /dev/nvidia*
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 241,   0 Dec  4 14:01 /dev/nvidia-uvm
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 195,   0 Dec  4 14:01 /dev/nvidia0
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 195, 255 Dec  4 14:01 /dev/nvidiactl

我注意到的一件事是，在 Ubuntu 上安装包nvidia-dkms会触发一些东西，而在 centos 上我没有看到这些东西：

Setting up nvidia-dkms-410 (410.79-0ubuntu1) ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)

A modprobe blacklist file has been created at /etc/modprobe.d to prevent Nouveau
from loading. This can be reverted by deleting the following file:
/etc/modprobe.d/nvidia-graphics-drivers.conf

A new initrd image has also been created. To revert, please regenerate your
initrd by running the following command after deleting the modprobe.d file:
`/usr/sbin/initramfs -u`

*****************************************************************************
*** Reboot your computer and verify that the NVIDIA graphics driver can   ***
*** be loaded.                                                            ***
*****************************************************************************

Loading new nvidia-410.79 DKMS files...
Building for 4.15.0-1025-gcp
Building for architecture x86_64
Building initial module for 4.15.0-1025-gcp
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
.............................................................................................................+++
..........+++
writing new private key to '/var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.priv'
-----
EFI variables are not supported on this system
/sys/firmware/efi/efivars not found, aborting.
Done.

nvidia:
Running module version sanity check.
 - Original module
   - No original module exists within this kernel
 - Installation
   - Installing to /lib/modules/4.15.0-1025-gcp/updates/dkms/

nvidia-modeset.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
 - Original module
   - No original module exists within this kernel
 - Installation
   - Installing to /lib/modules/4.15.0-1025-gcp/updates/dkms/

nvidia-drm.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
 - Original module
   - No original module exists within this kernel
 - Installation
   - Installing to /lib/modules/4.15.0-1025-gcp/updates/dkms/

nvidia-uvm.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
 - Original module
   - No original module exists within this kernel
 - Installation
   - Installing to /lib/modules/4.15.0-1025-gcp/updates/dkms/

depmod...

DKMS: install completed.

环境

  • 发行版本

    root@gpu-ubuntu-1804:/home/elouan_keryell-even# cat /etc/*-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=18.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=bionic
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS"
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="18.04.1 LTS (Bionic Beaver)"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS"
VERSION_ID="18.04"
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
VERSION_CODENAME=bionic
UBUNTU_CODENAME=bionic

  • 内核发布

    root@gpu-ubuntu-1804:/home/elouan_keryell-even# uname -r
4.15.0-1025-gcp

问题

有人知道我在 Centos 7 上安装 NVIDIA 驱动程序出了什么问题吗？

答案1

有两个问题：

  • CentOS 默认使用 nouveau 开源驱动，该驱动与 nvidia 不兼容，必须停用
  • 来自 nvidia repo 的驱动程序似乎不起作用，因为需要 nvidia dkms 模块。

要做到这一点 ：

  1. 安装一些必需的包

    yum install kernel-devel epel-release dkms

  2. 编辑/etc/default/grub并nouveau.modeset=0添加GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX

  3. 重新生成 grub 配置以应用更改：

    grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/centos/grub.cfg

  4. 重新启动以使更改生效。

  5. 然后直接安装此驱动程序：http://fr.download.nvidia.com/tesla/410.79/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-410.79.run

此后，nvidia-smi 应该可以正常工作

答案2

这个问题已经报告给谷歌，正在处理中这里

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