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使用 (windows) PowerShell 使用 TSIG 对 BIND9 服务器执行动态 DNS 更新

tag-icon • tag-icon domain-name-system powershell bind dynamic-dns ddns
使用 (windows) PowerShell 使用 TSIG 对 BIND9 服务器执行动态 DNS 更新

我运行 BIND9 DNS 服务器并允许我的客户使用 TSIG 密钥进行动态 DNS 更新。

我的一位客户只使用 Windows 环境，因此使用 PowerShell 来运行脚本。他想使用 PowerShell 向我的服务器发送动态更新。

从 Linux shell 执行测试很容易：使用 nsupdate。

从：https://www.freeipa.org/page/Howto/DNS_updates_and_zone_transfers_with_TSIG

客户

对于 bind-utils 包中的 nsupdate，您必须使用选项 -y algorithm:keyname:keyvalue 或 -k keyfilename 选项。例如

$ nsupdate -y hmac-sha512:keyname:keyvalue

或者

$ nsupdate -k Kkeyname.+165+0316.private

然后进行更新：

从https://linux.die.net/man/8/nsupdate：

# nsupdate
> update delete oldhost.example.com A
> update add newhost.example.com 86400 A 172.16.1.1
> send

从 Powershell 进行更新没有TSIG ... 有点简单... 我认为？：使用 cmdlet（例如）添加DnsServerResourceRecordA

Add-DnsServerResourceRecordA -Name "host23" -ZoneName "contoso.com" - AllowUpdateAny -IPv4Address "172.18.99.23" -TimeToLive 01:00:00

在仔细查看文档后，我没有看到任何关于交易签名或以某种方式使用 TSIG 密钥的引用。

如何使用 TISG 密钥从 Powershell 向 BIND9 服务器发送动态更新？

很难找到一个例子。我能找到的大多数例子都是使用 PowerShell 通过 API 发送更新，然后（可能）在黑匣子内进行某种部署或动态更新。我只想构建一个 DDNS 更新并使用 PowerShell 发送它。

答案1

他们必须从 BIND 下载 nsupdate（https://www.isc.org/downloads/）。可以从 PowerShell 主机调用 nsupdate。

答案2

如果提供了 tsig 文件，则此脚本将创建并提交 DDNS 请求。确保设置 NTFS 权限以防止未经授权的用户（包括其他管理员）访问此文件。

这确实假设您已经在 C:\windows\system32 中安装了 nsupdate.exe 和相关的 dll，但可以修改为其他路径。

我欢迎任何拉取请求。 https://github.com/ACiDGRiM/UsefulScripts/blob/master/Update-DNS.ps1

Param (
    [String]$KeyPath = "C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\windows-update-client.txt",
    [String]$NSScriptPath = "$env:Temp\nsupdate.txt",
    [String]$NSUpdatePath = "$env:SystemRoot\System32"
)

begin {
    #Gather status of system IP Addresses, DNS Servers, and domains
    $IPAddresses = Get-NetIPAddress | Where-Object -FilterScript { ($_.InterfaceAlias -like "Ethernet*" -or $_.InterfaceAlias -like "Wi-Fi*") -and $_.IPAddress -notlike "fe*"}
    $DNSServers = Get-DnsClientServerAddress | Where-Object -FilterScript { $_.InterfaceAlias -like "Ethernet*" -or $_.InterfaceAlias -like "Wi-Fi*"}
    $DNSClient = Get-DnsClient | Where-Object -FilterScript { $_.InterfaceAlias -like "Ethernet*" -or $_.InterfaceAlias -like "Wi-Fi*"}
}

process {
    [array]$RequestOutput = @()
    #Parse network status into simplified objects
    foreach ( $if in $IPAddresses ) {
        $requesthash = @{
            IPAddress = @{Address = $if.IPAddress;AddressFamily = $if.AddressFamily}
            Zone = $DNSClient | Where-Object -FilterScript { $_.InterfaceAlias -eq $if.InterfaceAlias } | Select-Object -ExpandProperty "ConnectionSpecificSuffix" -First 1
            Servers = $DnsServers | Where-Object -FilterScript { $_.InterfaceAlias -eq $if.InterfaceAlias } | Select-Object -ExpandProperty "ServerAddresses"
        }
        $RequestObj = New-Object -TypeName psobject -Property $requesthash
        $RequestOutput += $RequestObj 

    }

    #Condense zones from multiple interfaces
    [array]$UniqueZones = ($RequestOutput.Zone|Sort-Object -Unique)
    #Combine IPv6 and IPv4 addresses into a single object property for each zone
    [array]$CombinedOutput = @()
    for ($i=0;$i -lt $UniqueZones.count;$i++) {
        $Combinedhash = @{
            Addresses = $RequestOutput | Where-Object -FilterScript {$_.Zone -eq $UniqueZones[$i]} | Select-Object -ExpandProperty "IPAddress"
            Servers = $RequestOutput | Where-Object -FilterScript {$_.Zone -eq $UniqueZones[$i]} | Select-Object -ExpandProperty "Servers" | Sort-Object -Unique
            Zone = $UniqueZones[$i]
        }
        $CombinedObj = New-Object -TypeName psobject -Property $Combinedhash
        $CombinedOutput += $CombinedObj 
    }

    foreach ( $o in $CombinedOutput ) {
        foreach ( $s in $o.Servers ) {
            $CurrentRecords = Resolve-DnsName $env:COMPUTERNAME`.$($o.Zone) -Server $s -Type "A_AAAA" -DnsOnly -DnssecOK -QuickTimeout -ErrorAction "SilentlyContinue" | Select-Object -ExpandProperty "IPAddress" -ErrorAction "SilentlyContinue"
            if ( $CurrentRecords ) {
                $CurrentState = Compare-Object $IPAddresses.IPAddress $CurrentRecords -ErrorAction "SilentlyContinue"
            } else {
                $CurrentState = $true
            }

            if ( $CurrentState ) {
                $script += "server $s
"
                foreach ( $a in $o.Addresses ) {
                    if ( $a.AddressFamily -eq "IPv4" ) {
                        $PTR = $a.Address -replace '^(\d+)\.(\d+)\.\d+\.(\d+)$','$3.$2.$1.in-addr.arpa.'
                    } else {
                        $PTR = (([char[]][BitConverter]::ToString(([IPAddress]$a.Address).GetAddressBytes())-ne'-')[31..0]-join".")+'.ip6.arpa.'
                    }
                    $script += "update delete $env:COMPUTERNAME.$($o.Zone). $(if($a.AddressFamily -eq "IPv4"){"A"}else{"AAAA"})

update add $env:COMPUTERNAME.$($o.Zone). 60 $(if($a.AddressFamily -eq "IPv4"){"A"}else{"AAAA"}) $($a.Address)

update delete $PTR PTR

update add $PTR 60 PTR $env:COMPUTERNAME.$($o.Zone).


"
                }
            }

        }
    }
}

end {
    $script | Out-File -FilePath $NSScriptPath -Encoding "ascii" -Force
    Start-Process -FilePath (Join-Path -Path $NSUpdatePath -ChildPath "nsupdate.exe") -ArgumentList "-d -k `"$KeyPath`" `"$NSScriptPath`"" -Wait -NoNewWindow -RedirectStandardError "$env:TEMP\nsstderr" -RedirectStandardOutput "$env:TEMP\nsstdout" -WorkingDirectory $NSUpdatePath | Out-Null

}

答案3

对于那些没有静态 IP 地址且需要动态更新 DNS 区域和反向 DNS PTR 记录的用户的解决方案

            $Server = "your server"; $Hostname = "mail"; $Zonename = "your zone"; 
            $MZone = $Hostname + "." + $Zonename
            <# No need to edit below unless you have to change some internal component #>

            $oldobj = get-dnsserverresourcerecord -ComputerName $Server -name $Hostname -zonename $zonename -rrtype "A"
            $newobj = get-dnsserverresourcerecord -ComputerName $Server -name $Hostname -zonename $zonename -rrtype "A"
            $ip =  (Invoke-WebRequest ifconfig.me/ip).Content.Trim()   
            $oip = $oldobj.recorddata.Ipv4address.IpAddressToString
            $oipSplit = $oip.Split("."); $oipr = $oipSplit[2] + "." + $oipSplit[1] + "." + $oipSplit[0] + ".in-addr.arpa"
            $ipSplit = $ip.Split("."); $ipr = $ipSplit[2] + "." + $ipSplit[1] + "." + $ipSplit[0] + ".in-addr.arpa"
            $newobj.recorddata.ipv4address=[System.Net.IPAddress]::parse($ip)
            if ($oip -ne $ip) {
                Set-dnsserverresourcerecord -ComputerName $Server -newinputobject $newobj -oldinputobject $oldobj -zonename $zonename -passthru
                echo "updated A record"
            }
            $oiprZ = Resolve-DnsName -Name $oipr -Server $Server; $oiprR = 0;
            if ($oiprZ.count -gt 0) {
                $oiprR = get-dnsserverresourcerecord -ComputerName $Server -ZoneName $oipr -rrtype "PTR"  -Name $oipSplit[3] | Select-Object HostName, @{Name='RecordData';Expression={$MZone}} 
                if ($oiprR -ne 0 -And $oiprR -ne $null -and -not ($oiprR[0].HostName -eq $ipSplit[3] -and $oiprR[0].RecordData -eq $MZone -and  $oipr -eq $ipr )  ){
                    Remove-DnsServerResourceRecord -ComputerName $Server -ZoneName $oipr -rrtype "PTR" -Name $oipSplit[3] -RecordData $MZone -Force
                    echo "removing existing ptr record"
                    echo $oiprR
                    echo "removed existing ptr record"
                }
                $oiprR =get-dnsserverresourcerecord -ComputerName $Server -ZoneName $oipr -rrtype "PTR"
                if (((($oiprR) -eq $null) -or (($oiprR).Count  -eq 0)) -And $oipr -ne $ipr )  {
                    Remove-DnsServerZone  -ComputerName $Server $oipr -PassThru -Verbose -Force
                    echo "Removing RDNS Zone"
                    echo $oiprZ
                    echo "Removing RDNS Zone"

                }
            }


            $ipNID = $ipSplit[0] + "." + $ipSplit[1] + "." + $ipSplit[2] + ".0/24"
            $iprZ = Resolve-DnsName -Name $ipr -Server $Server; $iprR = 0;
            if ($iprZ.count -gt 0) {
                $iprR = get-dnsserverresourcerecord -ComputerName $Server -ZoneName $ipr -rrtype "PTR"  -Name $ipSplit[3] | Select-Object HostName, @{Name='RecordData';Expression={$MZone}} 
                if ($iprR -eq $null ){
                Add-DnsServerResourceRecordPtr  -ComputerName $Server  -Name $ipSplit[3] -ZoneName $ipr -AllowUpdateAny -TimeToLive 01:00:00 -AgeRecord -PtrDomainName $MZone
                    echo "adding ptr record"
                    echo $iprR
                    echo "added ptr record"
                }
                else
                {

                }
            }
            if ($iprZ.count -eq 0) {
                Add-DnsServerPrimaryZone  -ComputerName $Server -DynamicUpdate Secure -NetworkId $ipNID -ReplicationScope Domain
                Add-DnsServerResourceRecordPtr  -ComputerName $Server  -Name $ipSplit[3] -ZoneName $ipr -AllowUpdateAny -TimeToLive 01:00:00 -AgeRecord -PtrDomainName $MZone
            }

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